RU2295592C1 - Solution for processing of flax fibers - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: textile industry, in particular, primary processing of long and short flax fibers, modified flax fibers of cotton and wool type, and of flax combings.

SUBSTANCE: solution contains enzymic preparations-cultural filtrates of Penicillium canescens and Trichoderma reesei microorganisms, surfactant and intensifier, said components being used in predetermined ratio.

EFFECT: decreased content of woody fibers and contaminants in flax fibers, increased tearing strength and decreased linear density of yarn produced from flax fibers.

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Description

The invention relates to textile production, in particular to the primary processing of flax fibers, namely long flax fiber, short flax fiber, modified flax fiber of cotton and wool types, flax tow.

To increase the spinning ability of fibers and ensure a stable course of spinning processes, it is necessary to reduce the fiber fineness and their unevenness in fineness and the content of weed impurities of plant origin. The indicated characteristics of the fibers are largely determined by the quality of preparation of the fibers for spinning. One of the main problems is the presence in the raw materials of weedy impurities of plant origin, which cause increased breakage of the yarn during spinning and in further processing: weaving, knitting.

One of the stages of preparation of flaxseed raw materials is its processing with various solutions to facilitate subsequent mechanical processing [Gerasimov M.N. The use of steam processing to increase the efficiency of the process of finishing non-capillary textile materials. - Textile chemistry. 1993, No. 2, p. 73 / Chuvin A.I. and others. The use of chemicals when locking flax straw during steaming. - News of universities. Technology of the textile industry, 1985, No. 2, S. 23-26].

The most promising is the treatment with solutions containing both individual enzymes [US Pat. US No. 6254645, 2001, Lo Nostro Pierandrea at all. Enzymatic treatmens on tencel in water and microemulsion. Y. Colloid and Interface Sci., 2001, 236, No. 2, p. 270-2 81], and enzyme complexes [A.S. USSR No. 834271, 1981, US Pat. Russia No. 2109858, 1998].

A known method of bioprocessing flax rovings using an enzyme preparation solution obtained using the bacterial strains of Bacillus circulans and Bacillus Subtilis, with the flow rate of the drug corresponding to the minimum levels of enzyme activity in the technological solution (unit / ml): pectin esterase 0.4; endopolygalactanase 20; exopoligalacturanous 0.2 proteolytic 0.2. [Nemanova Yu.V. Abstract of dissertation for the degree of candidate of technical sciences. - Ivanovo, 2005]. However, this composition is designed for use in the enzymatic-peroxidation processing of flax rovings and its use in the processing of severe fiber is unacceptable, since alkaline-peroxide treatment is not required for the preparation of severe flax fiber.

The closest analogue is a solution for the treatment of flax fibers, namely flax straw and flax tow, containing the enzyme preparation pectofoetidin P10X - a product of mold fungus Aspergillus fbetidus with enzyme activity with respect to pectins 36 u / g and the enzyme monophenol-base oxidase enzyme activity of 0.8-1.7 units, a surfactant and intensifier (RU 2109858, class D 01 C 1/02, op. 1998). The enzyme preparation used is ineffective, which leads to high rates of protein catalyst consumption during processing.

The inventive task was to find the composition of the impregnating solution for processing flax fiber with obtaining a technical result that would reduce the content of bonfire and weed impurities during subsequent technological operations, reduce the breakage of flax fiber yarn during spinning and further processing: weaving, knitting, reduce linear the density of the produced yarn, which leads to the production of lighter fabrics used, for example, for the manufacture of protective clothing.

This technical result is achieved in that in a solution for processing flax fiber containing enzyme preparations, a surfactant, intensifier and water, according to the invention, the culture filtrates of Penicillium canescens and Trichoderma reesei microorganisms are used as enzyme preparations in the following ratio of components:

Penicillium canescens culture filtrate 5-35 mg protein / l Cultural filtrate Trichoderma reesei 5-50 mg protein / l Surface-active substance 0.1-1.5 g / l Intensifier 0.2-2.0 g / l Water up to 1 liter

The enzymatic activity in the working solution is achieved as follows:

xylanase 50-200 - units / l

β-glucanase - 2-9 units / l

polygalacturonase - 10-25 units / l

cellulase - 9-300 units / l

The selected ratio of the activities of the enzymes present in the culture fluids allows one to achieve the necessary effect for breaking down polysaccharide impurities and decreasing the density of the yarn, while maintaining the required strength.

Using the proposed solution allows you to:

- to reduce the content of fires and weeds in the flax fiber, to facilitate the removal of fires and weeds in the subsequent treatments,

to increase the spinning ability of the fiber, to obtain yarn of lower linear density,

- reduce surface density and improve the quality of fabrics and knitwear produced from yarn.

Enzyme preparations are obtained by deep cultivation of the microorganisms Trichoderma reesei A-1391 and Penicillium canescens VKPM F-832, followed by ultrafiltration. The obtained filtrates have the following enzymatic activities: product of the Trichoderma reesei A-1391 strain - cellulase - 1000-1500 units / ml, xylanase - 170-230 units / ml, polygalacturonase - 40-100 units / ml, product of the Penicillium canescens strain VKPM F-832 - xylanase - 700-1000 units / ml, for β-glucanase - 20-50 units / ml, polygalacturonase - 5-10 units / ml, cellulase - 75-225 units / ml.

An alkyl phenol type preparation (for example, BRP wetting agent manufactured by Elitex) can be used as a surfactant, and complexing agents (for example, ethylene diamine tetraacetic acid Na salt, etc.) as an intensifier.

The invention is illustrated by the following examples.

The proposed solution for processing flax fiber is obtained by simple mixing of its components.

The concentration of enzymes is determined by standard methods ("Lowry Method") and measured in "mg protein / l".

The table shows the quantitative and qualitative characteristics of the components of the proposed solution.

The invention is illustrated by the following example of use.

Example 1. In order to obtain 100 tex linear density yarn with a dry spinning method from short flax fiber No. 2, No. 3 and 4 (according to GOST 9394-76) instead of 287 tex linear density yarn obtained, the flax fiber is treated with a solution before carding containing enzyme preparations. The source of enzymes are ultrafiltrates of culture liquids obtained by deep cultivation of microorganisms Trichoderma reesei A-1391 and Penicillium canescens VKPM F-832. The volumes of added ultrafiltrates, the corresponding enzymatic activities and processing conditions are presented in the table.

The solution also contains a surfactant - 0.5 g / l of Elitex BRP wetting agent and 1 g / l of EDTA sodium salt. Bath module - 20.

Then the fibers are washed, squeezed up to 70% of residual moisture, dried at a temperature of 105-115 ° C and processed on a carding machine. Further processing of fibers into yarn is carried out according to the technological conditions of the enterprise.

Quality indicators of flax fiber processed by the present method in various processing conditions are also shown in the table.

Experimental data by examples Example No. Penicillium canescens filtrate, mg protein / l Trichoderma reesei filtrate, mg protein / l Surfactant, g / l Intensifier, g / l Xylanase activity, unit / liter Cellulase activity Polygalacturonase activity, unit / liter The content of the fires,% The breaking load of a twisted ribbon, Dan Sample Comparison 21 7.9 one 8 - - - 200 10 four 13.0 7.2 2 32 11.9 0.1 0.2 818 160 twenty 10.9 5.1 3 16 29.75 0.5 0.7 445 380 21 11,4 4.7 four 8 29.75 0.6 1,2 245 310 17 11.9 6.3 5 6.4 29.75 1,1 1.4 205 308 16 11.2 5.9 6 6.4 11.9 - 1,6 178 128 8 12.1 7.0 7 6.4 5.95 - 0.3 169 68 7 13.5 7.1 8 4.8 47.6 1,5 2.0 192 546 22 11.1 5,4 9 4.8 29.75 0.2 1.8 165 306 fifteen 11.6 6.1 10 4.8 11.9 0.4 - 138 126 8 12.6 6.8 eleven 4.8 5.95 - - 129 66 5 14.9 7.2 12 3.2 29.75 0.6 0.5 152 304 22 12.3 6.4 13 3.2 11.9 - - 98 124 7 14.6 7.1 fourteen 3.2 5.95 - 2.0 89 64 5 15.3 7.3 fifteen - 5.95 0.8 - 90 600 25 14.2 6.3 16 35 11.9 0.4 0.7 782 120 25 11.1 4.8 17 16 5 0.6 1,5 386 224 22 12.8 5.2 eighteen 16 35 0.6 1,5 412 310 twenty 11,4 6.0 Note: Samples were processed under the following temperature and humidity conditions: processing time - 40 min; processing temperature - 40 ° C; bath module - 20; the reference sample was processed under the same temperature and humidity conditions, but without the addition of enzymes.

Claims (1)

A solution for processing flax fiber containing enzyme preparations, a surfactant, an intensifier and water, characterized in that the culture filtrates of Penicillium canescens and Trichoderma reesei microorganisms are used as enzyme preparations in the following ratios of components: Penicillium canescens culture filtrate 5-35 mg protein / l Cultural filtrate Trichoderma reesei 5-50 mg protein / l Surface-active substance 0.1-1.5 g / l Intensifier 0.2-2.0 g / l Water Up to 1 liter