RU2294692C1 - Method for determining biological age of people - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: medicine.

SUBSTANCE: method involves measuring clinical functional health indices. Regression analysis is applied. Biological age of men and women is determined by applying formulas. Eye age EA is determined in cm, dental index DI in %, body mass index BMI in kg/m², waist circumference WC in cm, diastolic arterial blood pressure DBP in mm of mercury column, systolic arterial blood pressure SBP in mm of mercury column, heart work index HWI in relative units, taste sensitivity to salt TSS in %, Burdoni test attention index AI in %. Peak flowmetry PFM value is estimated. Skin and hair aging coefficient SHAC is determined by estimating skin turgor in pinching hand palm back skin with thumb and index finger slightly pulling it for 5 s. The time being over, skin is relieved, time is checked, and the time needed for recovery to initial state is recorded. The recovery time being less than 5 s, score 0 is assigned; 6-15 s, score 1 is assigned; 16-25 s, score 2 is assigned; greater than 25 s, score 3 is assigned. Hair turning gray: no gray hair, score 0 is given; slightly gray hair with less than 25% of head surface being involved, score 1 is assigned; medium degree gray hair of 25-50%, score 2 is assigned; more than 50%, score 3 is assigned. Skin wrinkles are taken into account in the body regions like back side of hands, cheeks, bucco-mental region, upper lip skin, chin, eye angles, ear lobes, neck. No wrinkled skin being found, score 0 is assigned; moderate skin wrinkling, score 1 is assigned; meidum skin wrinkling, score 2 is assigned; marked skin wrinkling available in 5-8 skin regions, score 3 is assigned. Hair falling and baldness: without any signs of baldness and hair fall, score 0 is assigned; insignificant hair fall and/or initial signs of baldness of less than 25% of heads surface - score 1 is assigned; medium degree of baldness with 25-50% of head surface being involved and/or considerable hair fall taking place - score 2 is assigned; considerable hair fall accompanied with marked baldness of higher than 50% - score 3 is assigned. Thermoregulation coefficient TC is determined in % and calculated as follows TC=T₁-[Ta+Tb/2]/T₁*100%, where T₁ is the temperature under the tongue, Ta is the arms flexion region temperature on right side, Tb is the arms flexion region temperature on left side. Biological age of men is calculated from formula BA= 14.074+2.306 SHAC+0.154 EA+0.618 BMI+0.2 SBP +3.621 TSS-0.086 DI-0.019 PFM-0.147 HWI; women BA= 18.409+2.477 SHAC+0.272 EA+0.234 WC+0.251 SBP +0.018 AI -0.094 DI - 0.159 TSS-0.086 DI-0.159 HWI -0.237 DBP - 0.895 TC, where numeric value are regression equation coefficients.

EFFECT: high accuracy and objectivity in determining biological human age.

Description

The present invention relates to medicine, namely to functional diagnostics and geriatrics and can be used to determine the biological age of a person.

It is known that calendar age (KB), as a natural measure of aging, often does not coincide with the biological age (BV), which objectively reflects the functional capabilities of the body.

There are various methods of establishing the biological age of a person, including determining the severity of metabolic, structural and functional changes.

Thus, a method for determining BV is known, including the study of indicators characterizing the functional state of the cardiovascular and central nervous system, respiratory, vision and hearing organs, i.e. the authors took into account such indicators that had the strongest correlation with the calendar age of the subjects (Podkolzin A.A. Quantitative assessment of mortality, aging, life expectancy and biological age: a manual for doctors / A.A. Podkolzin, V .N. Krutko, V.I. Dontsov, AM Bolshakov, T.M. Smirnova. - M .: MGMSU, 2001. - P.24-29).

According to this method, the definition of BV is based on a mathematical regression model, presented in the form of the following formulas:

BW = 23,400 men + 5.246 · 0.004 · Se-YEL-3,371 · ln (Sa) + 0.191 · ZD _vyd.

DBV = 10.1 + 0.762

The coefficient of multiple determination is 0.76.

Women BV = -21.337 + 4.911; Ce-0.063; SB + 0.173; OC-5.512; ln (A),

DBV = 13.35 + 0.691

The coefficient of multiple determination is 0.69.

Where: Ce - pulse wave propagation velocity through the vessels of the elastic type (m / s) in the carotid - femoral artery section;

JELL - lung vital capacity, (ml);

SB - static balancing on the left leg, (sec);

ZD _issue - breath holding time on exhalation, (sec);

OS - hearing acuity or auditory threshold at 4000 Hz, (dB);

A - accommodation of the lens, estimated by the distance of the near point of view, (diopters);

DBV - due biological age;

KB - calendar (passport) age.

The disadvantages of the above method for determining BV should include a low coefficient of multiple determination, which evaluates the information content of each group of tests, namely: the coefficient of determination for men = 0.76, for women = 0.69.

According to the authors of the proposed method, the absence in the formula for calculating BV of anthropometric data, parameters characterizing the functional state of the cardiovascular system and autonomic nervous system, psychological status, the state of the organ of vision, teeth, skin and hair significantly reduces the information content and objectivity of determining aging processes, which concludes BV as an integral indicator characterizing the measure of human viability as a whole.

In addition, the disadvantages of this method should also include the lack of the possibility of rapid determination of BV during a mass examination of the population, since expensive medical diagnostic equipment is required to determine the velocity of the pulse wave propagation through the vessels of the elastic type, vital capacity of the lungs and hearing acuity. It also takes time to prepare the subject for the test and create conditions without which the accuracy of the results of these studies is lost.

The closest in technical essence to the proposed one is a method for determining BV, including measuring clinical and functional health indicators, conducting a regression analysis and establishing the biological age for men and women according to the formulas (V. Voitenko; Method for determining the biological age of a person / V.P. Voitenko , A.V. Tokar, AMPolyukhov // Biological age. Heredity and aging. Gerontology and geriatrics. - Kiev, 1984 - S.133-137).

The known method is based on a mathematical regression model, presented in the form of formulas that include indicators characterizing the functional state of the cardiovascular and pulmonary systems, body weight, the subject’s ability to maintain equilibrium and questionnaire data, in which the subject subjectively characterizes his state of health. The definition of BV is proposed by the following formulas:

Men BV = 26.985 + 0.215; ADS + 0.723; POP-0.149; HFA-0.151; SB

DBV = 0.629 · KB + 18.56.

The coefficient of multiple determination is 0.63.

Women BV = -1.463 + 0.415 · ADP + 0.248 · MT + 0.694 · POP-0.140 · SB

DBV = 0.581 · KB + 17.24.

The coefficient of multiple determination is 0.58.

Where: ADS - systolic blood pressure, (mmHg);

ADP - pulse arterial pressure, (mmHg);

SB - static balancing on the left leg, (sec);

MT - body weight (kg);

HFA - breath holding time on exhalation, (sec);

POPs - subjective assessment of health, (points);

DBV - due biological age;

KB - calendar (passport) age.

The disadvantages of the above method for determining BV should also include insufficient accuracy of determination, because in the formula for calculating BV there are no anthropometric data of parameters characterizing the functional state of the cardiovascular and autonomic nervous systems, psychological status, state of the organ of vision, teeth, skin and hair. This significantly reduces the information content and objectivity of the known method, because BV is an integral indicator characterizing the measure of human viability as a whole.

According to the authors of the proposed method included in the formula for determining BV, the criterion "subjective assessment of health" reduces the accuracy of the study, because assessment criteria should include quantitative indicators based on objective characteristics of human health, and not on the subjective attitude of the subject. In this known method, the coefficient of multiple determination was: for men = 0.63, for women = 0.58.

The task of the invention is to develop a method for determining the biological age of a person, based on the measurement of clinical and functional indicators of his health.

The technical result of the proposed method is to increase the accuracy and objectivity of determining the biological age of a person.

The technical result is achieved by the fact that the method for determining the biological age of a person includes measuring clinical and functional health indicators, conducting a regression analysis and establishing the biological age for men and women according to the formulas.

Distinctive techniques of the proposed method are that they additionally determine the coefficient of aging of skin and hair, eye age, dental index, body mass index, waist size, diastolic blood pressure, heart function index, the threshold of taste sensitivity to table salt, attention indicator by the Bourdon test , coefficient of thermoregulation, conduct pink flowmetry.

The differences of the method also lie in the fact that biological age (BV) is established by the formulas:

BV of men = 14.074 + 2.306 · KSKV + 0.154 · VG + 0.618 · PMT + 0.2 · ADS + 3.621 · PVChPS-0.086 · ZI-0.019 · PFM-0.147 · IRS,

Women BV = 18.409 + 2.447 · KSKV + 0.272 · VG + 0.234 · OT + 0.251 · ADS + 0.018 · PV-0.094 · ZI-0.159 · IRS-0.237 · ADD-0.895 · CT,

respectively, where:

digital indicators - constants of the regression equation;

KSKV - coefficient of aging of skin and hair, points;

VG - eye age, cm;

BMI - body mass index, kg / m ² ;

ADS - systolic blood pressure, mm Hg;

ADD - diastolic blood pressure, mm Hg;

OT - waist circumference, cm;

PVChPS - the threshold of taste sensitivity to table salt,%;

ZI - dental index,%;

PFM - pink flowmetry, l / min;

PV - an indicator of attention for the Bourdon test,%;

IRS - index of the work of the heart, rel.

CT - coefficient of thermoregulation,%.

A comparative analysis of the proposed solution and the prototype showed that the proposed method differs from the known one in that to determine the biological age of a person, an additional set of specific factors is additionally determined: skin and hair aging coefficient, eye age, dental index, body mass index, waist volume, diastolic blood pressure , heart function index, the threshold of taste sensitivity to table salt, an indicator of attention according to the Bourdon test, thermoregulation coefficient, pink flowmetry data. Biological age is determined by the formulas.

Thus, the proposed method meets the criteria of the invention of "novelty."

From the analysis of patent and specialized literature, the authors found that the proposed technical solution has features that distinguish it not only from the prototype, but also other technical solutions in this and related fields.

In the available literature, we have not identified a method for determining the biological age of a person that takes into account the totality of general and specific aging factors in the regression equation: skin and hair aging coefficient, thermoregulation coefficient, eye age, dental index, body mass index, heart function index, waist volume, diastolic blood pressure, pink flowmetry data and attention index with a Bourdon test.

Thus, the proposed method meets the criterion of "inventive step".

The method is simple, does not require expensive equipment, is affordable and can be used in the practice of gerontological centers, hospitals for war veterans, rehabilitation departments of the sanatorium-resort profile for geriatric patients. Therefore, this method meets the criteria of the invention of "industrial applicability".

The proposed method is as follows. According to the results of clinical and functional health indicators take into account the criteria for BV established by the authors of the proposed method:

1. KSKV - The coefficient of aging of the skin and hair. It is estimated in points. The researcher assesses the condition of: 1) skin turgor; 2) graying hair; 3) wrinkling of the skin; 4) hair loss and baldness. Each sign is characterized in points (from 0 to 3). KSKV is the sum of points for all 4 signs.

- Skin turgor. It is determined by pinching the skin with the thumb and forefinger on the back of the palm, slightly extending it for 5 seconds. After this time, the skin of the subject is released, time is detected and observation is made of how quickly it is restored to its original state. If this happens in less than 5 seconds - 0 points, in 6-15 seconds - 1 point, in 16-25 seconds - 2 points and more than 25 seconds - 3 points.

- graying hair. In people with unpainted, natural hair, this symptom is evaluated by the researcher. In people with dyed hair - information about the degree of graying of their hair provides the subject independently. In the absence of graying hair - 0 points; with light graying of hair (less than 25% of the surface of the head) - 1 point; with graying of moderate severity (25-50%) - 2 points; with severe graying (more than 50%) - 3 points.

- Wrinkled skin. Evaluated by a researcher who considers the following skin regions of the body: 1) the back of the hands; 2) cheeks; 3) the cheek-chin area; 4) the skin of the upper lip; 5) chin; 6) the angles of the eyes; 7) earlobes; 8) the neck. In the absence of wrinkling of the skin - 0 points; in the presence of moderate wrinkling of the skin in 1-2 skin region - 1 point; with wrinkling of the skin of moderate severity in 3-4 skin regions - 2 points; with severe wrinkling of the skin, affecting 5-8 of the above skin regions, 3 points.

- Hair loss and baldness. In the absence of even minimal signs of baldness and hair loss - 0 points; with slight hair loss and (or) initial signs of baldness (less than 25% of the scalp) - 1 point; with baldness of moderate severity (25-50%) and (or) significant hair loss - 2 points; with significant hair loss, which is accompanied by severe baldness (more than 50%), 3 points.

2. VG - Eye Age. Estimated in centimeters (cm). The examinee should be in a calm state, without glasses. He is given a standard newspaper text and given the opportunity to read it as close to his eyes as possible. When he succeeds in doing this, he measures the found distance from the subject’s eyes to the newspaper with a ruler or a soft meter measuring tape.

3. BMI - Body mass index. It is estimated in kg / m. It is calculated by the formula: BMI = body weight (in kg) / square of height (in m ² ).

4. ADS - Blood pressure systolic, mm Hg Measured according to the generally accepted method using the Riva-Rocci apparatus on the right hand in the sitting position three times, with an interval of 5 minutes. The results of the measurement at which the blood pressure was the smallest value are taken into account.

5. ADD - Diastolic blood pressure, mmHg Measured according to the generally accepted method using the Riva-Rocci apparatus on the right hand in the sitting position three times, with an interval of 5 minutes. The results of the measurement at which the blood pressure was the smallest value are taken into account.

6. OT - Waist circumference. Estimated in centimeters (cm). It is measured with a soft meter tape below the ribcage above the navel.

7. PVChPS - The threshold of taste sensitivity to table salt. Estimated as a percentage (%). To determine the taste sensitivity to table salt, a set of 12 dilutions of sodium chloride in distilled water is used in concentrations from 0.0025 to 5.12% (in each subsequent tube, the concentration is increased 2 times). A test solution (1 drop) is sequentially applied to the test subject on the front third of the tongue. For PVChPS take the lowest concentration at which the subject felt the taste of table salt.

8. ZI - Dental Index. Estimated as a percentage (%). Using a spatula, the researcher examines the oral cavity and counts the number of remaining teeth. In this case, crowns, artificial and implanted teeth are not subject to calculation. The dental index is calculated by the formula:

ZI = (number of retained teeth / 32) · 100%

9. PFM - Pink flowmetry. Estimated in l / min. Measured with a pink flowmeter. The test subject is encouraged to exhale into this unit. The researcher records the result.

10. IRS - Index of the heart, rel. The study is carried out in a calm state of the subject in a sitting position. It is calculated by the formula: IRS = (ADS * HR) / 100, where:

ADS - systolic blood pressure (mmHg),

Heart rate - heart rate (bpm)

11. CT - Thermoregulation coefficient. Estimated as a percentage (%). The subject is measured using a KD-112 electronic medical thermometer temperature at three points - under the tongue (T ₁ ), in the elbow bends of the hands pressing the hands to the chest on the right (Ta) and left (Tb). Calculation of CT is carried out according to the formula: CT = T ₁ - [Ta + Tb / 2] / T ₁ · 100%.

12. PV - Attention Index. Estimated as a percentage (%). During the Bourdon proofreading test, the test subject is asked (by turning on the stopwatch) to cross out the letter “B” in each of the 39 lines of the text, consisting of a chaotic set of 1256 letters (appendix). Among them, on this sheet is 196 letters "B". At the end of the work, the researcher notes:

- The number of errors (m) is those cases when the test subject skips and does not cross out the letter “B”, and (or) those situations when the test subject crosses out another letter instead of the letter “B”.

- The viewing speed (B) is the value that is found by the formula: B = 1256 / t, where:

t is the time (in seconds) of the subject’s work with the text from the very beginning of the psychological experimental study to its end. The sample is evaluated according to the indicator of attention (PV), which is determined by the formula: PV = [V / (m + 1)] · 100%.

The proposed method for determining the biological age of a person is illustrated by examples of specific performance.

Example 1. Subbotin NN, husband., 49 years old. Almost healthy. Surveyed by the proposed method. The aging coefficient of skin and hair (8 points), eye age (53 cm), dental index (28%), body mass index (21.7 kg / cm ² ), systolic blood pressure (120 mmHg) were determined , the index of heart function (66 rel. units), the threshold of taste sensitivity to table salt (0.64%), the pink flowmetry indicator (420 l / min), and the biological age was determined by the proposed multiple linear regression formula for men.

BV = 14.074 + 2.306 · 8 + 0.154 · 53 + 0.618 · 21.7 + 0.2 · 120 + 3.621 · 0.64-0.086 · 28-0.019 · 420-0.147 · 66 = 49.9 years

A direct comparison of the calculated BV and the actual calendar age (KB) is not correct.

In the event that such a comparison is carried out, the BV of young people is overstated, and old - underestimated in relation to KV. To compensate for this bias, the calculated BV should be compared with the value of due biological age (DBV), which is determined as a linear function of KB and is determined by the formula:

DBV = (KVind.-KVred.) R ² + KVred.,

where DBV - due biological age;

Quind. - individual calendar age;

Kvred. - the average calendar age of the subjects.

In our studies, KVred. in men amounted to 38.94 years; in women - 39.48 years. To calculate it, 100 healthy people aged 17 to 78 years were examined.

R is the multiple coefficient of determination of a group of tests with a calendar (passport) age. In our studies, R was 0.923 for men and 0.910 for women.

In the examined, BV is determined, compared with DBV, and with BV-DBV <0, the slower aging rate is determined, with BV-DBV = 0, the average aging rate and with BV-DBV> 0, the high aging rate. Persons with an increase in the aging rate (prognostically unfavorable option), if necessary, carry out preventive measures.

The test Subbotina N.N. due biological age was 47.5 years, and the difference between BV and its proper values (49.9-47.5 = + 2.4 years). According to the obtained indicators, the subject falls into the group with an increase in the aging rate.

KSKV = 8 points;

VG = 53 cm;

ZI = 28%;

BMI = 21.7 kg / m ² ;

ADS = 120 mm Hg;

IRS = 66 rel.

PVChPS = 0.64%;

PFM = 420 l / min;

KB = 49 years;

BV = 49.9 years;

DBV = 47.5 years;

BV-DBV = + 2.4 years.

Conclusion: increasing the rate of aging. Determination of BV in the same subject by the prototype method:

BV = 48.6 years

BV-DBV = + 1.1 years (increase in aging rate)

Determination of BV by the proposed method in Subbotina N.N. conducted in 2000, 2003 and 2005 The last examination revealed an increase in the aging rate (BV = 54 years; BV-DBV = + 6.5 years) and the debut of the clinical manifestations of coronary heart disease (angina pectoris 2 functional class) with impaired myocardial excitability by type of ventricular extrasystole.

Example 2. Korotaev EV, husband., 36 years old. Almost healthy. Surveyed by the proposed method. The proper biological age was determined (36.4 years), the coefficient of skin and hair aging (1 point), eye age (9 cm), dental index (75%), body mass index (24.2 kg / cm ² ) were determined, systolic blood pressure (120 mmHg), heart function index (96 rel. units), taste threshold for table salt (0.32%), pink flowmetry indicator (380 l / min) and the proposed multiple linear Regressions for men determined the biological age (BV = 14.074 + 2.306 · 1 + 0.154 · 9 + 0.618 · 24.2 + 0.2 · 120 + 3.621 · 0.32-0.086 · 75-0.019 · 380-0.147 · 96 = 29 , 1 year) and the difference between to him and his due values (29.1-36.4 = -7.3 years). According to the obtained indicators, the subject falls into the group with a slowdown in the aging rate.

KSKV = 1 point;

VG = 9 cm;

ZI = 75%;

BMI = 24.2 kg / m ² ;

ADS = 120 mm Hg;

IRS = 96 rel.

PWCPS = 0.32%;

PFM = 380 l / min;

KB = 36 years;

BV = 29.1 years;

DBV = 36.4 years;

BV-DBV = -7.3 years.

Conclusion: slowing down the rate of aging.

The definition of BV according to the prototype method: BV = 34.2 years

BV-DBV = -2.2 years (slowing down the aging rate)

The determination of BV by the proposed method for this subject was carried out in 2001 and 2005. The latest examination also revealed a slowdown in the rate of aging (BV = 33 years; BV-DBV = -3.4 years) and the absence of complaints about the state of health.

Example 3. Pakilev A.V., husband., 19 years old. Almost healthy. Surveyed by the proposed method. The proper biological age was determined (21.9 years), the skin and hair aging coefficient (0 points), eye age (3 cm), dental index (100%), body mass index (21.7 kg / cm ² ) were determined. systolic blood pressure (110 mmHg), heart function index (92.4 rel. units), taste threshold for table salt (0.02%), pink flowmetry indicator (420 l / min) and the proposed formula multiple linear regression for men determined the biological age (BV = 14.074 + 2.306 · 0 + 0.154 · 3 + 0.618 · 21.7 + 0.2 · 110 + 3.621 · 0.02-0.086 · 100-0.019 · 420-0.147 · 92 , 4 = 19.8 years) and different in between it and its proper significance (19,8-21,9 = -2.1 years). According to the obtained indicators, the subject falls into the group with a slowdown in the aging rate.

KSKV = 0 points;

VG = 3 cm;

ZI = 100%;

BMI = 21.7 kg / m ² ;

ADS = 110 mm Hg;

IRS = 92.4 rel.

PWCPS = 0.02%;

PFM = 420 l / min;

KB = 19 years;

BV = 19.8 years;

DBV = 21.9 years;

BV-DBV = -2.1 years.

Conclusion: slowing down the rate of aging.

The definition of BV according to the prototype method: BV = 20 years

BV-DBV = -1.9 years (slowing down the aging rate)

The determination of BV by the proposed method for this subject was carried out in 2002, 2004 and 2005. The last examination revealed an increase in the aging rate (BV = 24 years; BV-DBV = + 2.1 years) and the debut of the clinical manifestations of neurocirculatory dystonia in cardiac type against the background of exogenous constitutional obesity of 1 tbsp. The surveyed was offered a set of treatment and prophylactic measures.

Example 4. Grossman G.A., female, 60 years old. Almost healthy. Surveyed by the proposed method. The proper biological age was determined (46.5 years), the aging coefficient of the skin and hair (7 points), the age of the eyes (14 cm), the dental index (87.5%), the waist circumference (86 cm), and systolic blood pressure were determined ( 105 mmHg), diastolic blood pressure (75 mmHg), heart function index (73.5 rel.units), attention indicator when performing a Bourdon proof test (1.27%), thermoregulation coefficient ( 1.38%) and according to the proposed multiple linear regression formula for women, the biological age was determined (BV of women = 18.409 + 2.477 · 7 + 0.272 · 14 + 0.234 · 86 + 0.251 · 105 + 0.018 · 1.27-0.094 · 87.5-0.159 · 73.5-0.237 · 75-0.895 · 1.38 = 46.5 years ) and the difference between it and its due values (46.5-56.5 = -10.0 years). According to the obtained indicators, the subject falls into the group with a slowdown in the aging rate.

KSKV = 7 points;

VG = 14 cm;

ZI = 87.5%;

OT = 86 cm;

ADS = 105 mm Hg;

ADD = 75 mm Hg;

IRS = 73.5 rel.

PV = 1.27%;

CT = 1.38%;

KB = 60 years;

BV = 46.5 years;

DBV = 56.5 years;

BV-DBV = -10.0 years.

Conclusion: slowing down the rate of aging.

The definition of BV according to the prototype method: BV = 53.7 years

BV-DBV = -2.8 years (slowing down the aging rate)

The determination of BV by the proposed method for this subject was carried out in 2003 and 2005. The last examination revealed an increase in the aging rate (BV = 57 years; BV-DBV = + 0.5 years) and the debut of the clinical manifestations of coronary heart disease (myocardial infarction in 02.2004 with the formation of angina pectoris 1 functional class).

Example 5. Kayra N.R., female, 50 years old. Almost healthy. Surveyed by the proposed method. The proper biological age was determined (48.2 years), the skin and hair aging coefficient (5 points), eye age (43 cm), dental index (84.4%), waist circumference (76 cm), and systolic blood pressure were determined ( 98 mmHg), diastolic blood pressure (70 mmHg), heart function index (70.6 rel.units), attention indicator when performing a Bourdon proof test (237.0%), thermoregulation coefficient ( 3.4%) and according to the proposed multiple linear regression formula for men, the biological age was determined (women BV = 18.4 09 + 2.447.5 + 0.272.43 + 0.234.76 + 0.251.98 + 0.018237.0-0.094 84.4-0.15970.6-0.23770-0.895 3.4 = 50.2 years ) and the difference between it and its due values (50.2-48.2 = + 2.0 years). According to the obtained indicators, the subject falls into the group with an increase in the aging rate.

KSKV = 5 points;

VG = 43 cm;

ZI = 84.4%;

FROM = 76 cm;

ADS = 98 mm Hg;

ADD = 70 mm Hg;

IRS = 70.6 rel.

PV = 237.0%;

CT = 3.4%;

KB = 50 years;

BV = 50.2 years;

DBV = 48.2 years;

BV-DBV = + 2.0 years.

Conclusion: increasing the rate of aging.

The definition of BV according to the prototype method:

BV = 49.1 years

BV-DBV = + 0.9 years (increase in the rate of aging)

The determination of BV by the proposed method in this subject was carried out in 2001 and 2005. At the last examination, changes in the aging rate (BV = 49.2 years; BV-DBV = + 1.0 year) were not detected, the state of health was good, and there were no complaints.

Example 6. Klimova T.N., female, 45 years old. Almost healthy. Surveyed by the proposed method. The proper biological age was determined (44.1 years), the aging coefficient of the skin and hair (7 points), the age of the eyes (40 cm), the dental index (46.9%), the waist circumference (103 cm), and systolic blood pressure were determined ( 110 mmHg), diastolic blood pressure (80 mmHg), heart function index (99.0 rel.units), attention indicator when performing a Bourdon proof test (9.1%), thermoregulation coefficient ( 5.3%) and according to the proposed multiple linear regression formula for men, the biological age was determined (women BV = 18.4 09 + 2,447 · 7 + 0.272 · 40 + 0.234 · 103 + 0.251 · 110 + 0.018 · 9.1-0.094 · 46.9-0.159 · 99.0-0.237 · 80-0.895 · 5.3 = 53.7 years ) and the difference between it and its due values (53.7-44.1 = + 9.6 years). According to the obtained indicators, the subject falls into the group with an increase in the aging rate.

KSKV = 7 points;

VG = 40 cm;

ZI = 46.9%;

OT = 103 cm;

ADS = 110 mm Hg;

ADD = 80 mm Hg;

IRS = 99.0 rel.

PV = 9.1%;

CT = 5.3%;

KB = 45 years;

BV = 53.7 years;

DBV = 44.1 years;

BV-DBV = + 9.6 years.

Conclusion: increasing the rate of aging.

The definition of BV according to the prototype method:

BV = 46.1 years

BV-DBV = + 2.0 years (increase in aging rate)

The determination of BV by the proposed method was performed by T. N. Klimova in 2004 and twice in 2005. The last examination revealed a slowdown in the aging rate (BV = 48 years; BV-DBV = + 3.9 years), which is associated with regular a visit to a health group in the regional medical and physical dispensary and a decrease in body weight over the past 2 years by 6 kg.

Clinical testing of the proposed method was carried out in 100 healthy people living in the region of Eastern Siberia. In comparison with the prototype method and the analogue method, it showed higher accuracy in determining BV and, as a result, higher accuracy in determining and the aging rate of a person. This allows you to identify people with an accelerated pace of aging and to individualize therapeutic measures in such a contingent of patients, using this test to predict their results, monitor effectiveness and dynamic observation. So the accuracy of our proposed method was 92.3% for men and 91.0% for women; analogue method: 76.0% and 69.0%; and prototype method: 62.9% and 58.1%, respectively.

Known formulas for the determination of BV in the prototype method and in the analogue method do not make it possible to conclude with BV with high accuracy, since they lack anthropometric data, parameters characterizing the functional state of the cardiovascular, autonomic nervous system and psychological status of a person; it is impossible to evaluate the state of the subject’s organ of vision, teeth, skin and hair, which significantly reduces the information content and objectivity of the study of aging processes due to an incomplete set of signs that make a conclusion about BV as an integral indicator that characterizes the measure of human viability as a whole.

In our proposed method, the regression analysis formulas included 12 indicators (in contrast to 6 indicators in the analogue method and in the prototype method), which most comprehensively characterize the aging process of a person.

The method is simple and does not require expensive equipment. Filling out the protocol for determining human BV can be performed not only by a doctor, but also by a trained nurse. The duration of the examination of one subject does not exceed 30 minutes, which allows you to quickly determine the BV during a mass examination of a healthy population during preventive examinations.

The method can also be used to objectively evaluate the effectiveness of treatment of patients, to identify individuals with an accelerated rate of aging and to individualize their therapeutic and preventive geroprotective measures, to predict their results, to control their short-term and long-term effectiveness and dynamic observation.

Claims (1)

A method for determining the biological age of a person, including measuring clinical and functional health indicators, conducting a regression analysis and establishing the biological age for men and women using formulas, characterized in that they determine the age of the eyes - HH (cm); dental index - ZI (%); body mass index - BMI (kg / m ² ); waist circumference - OT (cm); diastolic blood pressure - ADD (mm Hg) and systolic blood pressure - blood pressure (mm Hg); heart work index - IRS (rel. units); the threshold of taste sensitivity to table salt - PVChPS (%); the indicator of attention on the sample of Bourdon - PV (%); assess peak flowmetry - PFM (l / min); skin and hair aging coefficient — HSCVH, determined by assessing skin turgor, which is determined by pinching the skin with the thumb and forefinger on the back of the palm, slightly extending it for 5 s, after which time the subject’s skin is released, time is detected and observation is made as it is quickly restored to its original state, if this occurs in less than 5 s - 0 points, for 6-15 s - 1 point, for 16-25 s - 2 points and more than 25 s - 3 points; graying of hair: in the absence of graying of hair - 0 points, with light graying of hair - less than 25% of the surface of the head - 1 point, with graying of medium severity - 25-50% - 2 points, with severe graying - more than 50% - 3 points; wrinkling of the skin, which is estimated in the following skin regions of the body: the back of the hands, cheeks, cheek-chin area, skin of the upper lip, chin, corners of the eyes, earlobes, neck; in the absence of wrinkling of the skin, 0 points are assigned, in the presence of moderate wrinkling of the skin in 1-2 skin regions - 1 point, with wrinkling of the skin of moderate severity in 3-4 skin regions - 2 points, with severe wrinkling of the skin affecting 5-8 of the above skin regions - 3 points; hair loss and baldness: in the absence of even minimal signs of baldness and hair loss, 0 points are assigned, with slight hair loss and / or initial signs of baldness - less than 25% of the area of the scalp - 1 point, with baldness of moderate severity - 25-50% and / or significant hair loss - 2 points, with significant hair loss, which is accompanied by severe baldness - more than 50% - 3 points; coefficient of thermoregulation - CT, which is estimated as a percentage (%), and is calculated as follows: CT = T ₁ - [Ta + Tb / 2] / T ₁ · 100%, where T ₁ is the temperature under the tongue, Ta is the temperature in the elbows the bends of the hands on the right and TB on the left, then determine the biological age (BV) according to the formulas: BV of men = 14.074 + 2.306 · KSKV + 0.154 · VG + 0.618 · BMI + 0.2 · ADS + 3.621 · PVChPS-0.086 · ZI-0.019 · PFM-0.147 · IRS, Women BV = 18.409 + 2.447 · KSKV + 0.272 · VG + 0.234 · OT + 0.251 · ADS + 0.018 · PV-0.094 · ZI-0.159 · IRS-0.237 · ADD-0.895 · CT, where the digital indicators are the constants of the regression equation.