RU2288982C1 - Weft-knitted fabric with openings and method for manufacturing the same - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: manufacture of knitted products, in particular, making of patterned weavings preferably for production of knitted clothing.

SUBSTANCE: weft-knitted fabric has courses defined by single or double weave with through openings arranged in accordance with repeat pattern. Openwork through openings are provided on areas having width equal to size of at least two stitch courses which are not connected with one another in at least four stitch courses without tightening of bodies of stitches connected with put-on connection underlap. Method involves forming stitch courses with single or double weave; providing opening by first forming non-connected parts of stitch courses through alternating sequential knitting-through thereof in two directions, with each underlap joining connected parts of stitch courses being laid on selected additional working devices; forming common stitch course, first after openings, with thread having length increased by at least 1.2-1.5 times in stitch, followed by putting, in each part to be connected, of underlap onto adjacent needle first in the direction of knitting, regardless of size of openwork opening.

EFFECT: provision for manufacture of fabrics with different sizes and arrangement of openwork through openings, reduced material usage, increased strength and retention of form stability.

3 cl, 7 dwg

Description

The invention relates to a technology for knitwear production and is intended for the manufacture of patterned weaves mainly for knitwear.

Known single and / or double knitwear with a pronounced openwork pattern in the form of through holes [1], including groups of loop columns with cross sections, on which the loops of one group of loop columns intersect with loops of neighboring groups according to the rapport and are generated from a separate system of threads / patent RF №2182611, D 04 V 1/10 - analogue /.

The disadvantage of this knitwear is the increased material consumption and technological complexity of knitting individual thread systems associated with the change of thread guides.

Also known is mesh culinary knitwear [2], containing rows of elongated loops of culinary smoothness and alternating rows of double loops consisting of loops and transferred sketches formed on the needles of another needle bar, which form a polygonal shape of cells / RF patent No. 21221908, D 04 B 1/00 - analogue.

Its disadvantages are the mesh size of the mesh structure, the size of the mesh hole, the uneven deformation and other operational characteristics due to the formation of loops of different lengths in the rows, as well as the technological complexity of the process of obtaining it, due to the need for alternating discharge or transfer of sketches from all needles to one Font on the needle of another fountain.

The closest in technical essence to the claimed one is the culinary pineapple knitwear with openwork holes adopted for the prototype, formed when donning platinum arcs of one or more previously formed rows on one adjacent needle of a new row according to the pattern repeat [3]. A method of obtaining pineapple knitwear consists in laying each portable platinum arc with the formation of a loop line on selectable additional working bodies (hooks, plates with one-sided bending) and subsequent putting on one or several arcs on an adjacent needle / Shalov I.I., Dalidovich A.S. , Kudryavin L.A. Knitwear technology. - M .: Legprombytizdat, 1986, p. 28-30, Fig. 1.16a - prototype.

A disadvantage of the culinary pineapple knitwear with openwork holes [3] is the fact that due to the tightening of the hinges with transferred broaches (platinum arches) and the reduction of their height, the size of the vertical hole is limited. Tightening the loop cores, in turn, leads to a decrease in resistance to tensile forces, i.e. to decrease in strength.

Another disadvantage of the culinary pineapple knitwear with openwork holes [3] is the increased consumption of raw materials due to elongation of the broach from transfer and an increase in the density of knitwear from tightening the cores.

The advantages of the proposed cool knitwear with holes and the method of its manufacture are the possibility of obtaining new patterns of fabrics with through openwork openings of virtually unlimited vertical size and various locations, which will expand the scope of this type of knitwear, reduce the material consumption of raw materials, and increase strength characteristics.

The proposed knitwear with holes is produced on double-circuit flat knitting machines, including those equipped with additional needle-platinum products: plates, hooks or needles.

A knitwear with openwork through holes includes looped rows formed by a basic single or double weave, and rows of the same weave containing sections arranged according to rapport with a width of at least two loop stitches not connected to each other in at least four stitch rows without tightening skeletons of loops connected to a worn connecting broach. The broaches contained in the proposed knitwear connect the divided loop posts and are formed by pulling the threads from the previous enlarged loops of the first common after the holes of the loop series.

The method of knitting a knitwear knitwear with holes according to the invention is that after the formation of single or double stitch loops to form holes, first, unconnected sections of at least two loop stitches are first formed by sequentially knitting them in two directions for at least four loop rows with laying of each connecting divided sections of the loop columns of the broach to the selected additional working body (Plate-way bend, hooks, needles). The formation of the first after the holes of the common loop series occurs with a length of at least 1.2-1.5 times the length of the thread in the loop, followed by putting this one in each connected section of the broach on the first adjacent needle in the direction of knitting, regardless of the size of the openwork hole.

Preferred options for the proposed structure of the knitwear with holes and the method of its manufacture determine the use as the base weave of the smooth surface. The horizontal hole size in the proposed structure of knitwear on the basis of the cooler surface Og≈1.5 A, where A is the buttonhole stitch of the basic weave, and compared to the known knitwear [3], it was increased due to the twisting of the extreme looped columns of the divided sections to the wrong side. The vertical hole size is also increased compared to the prototype and is equal to:

Ov = B (2 + P),

where B is the height of the loop series;

2 - coefficient taking into account the height of the first and last rows of the hole;

P is the number of complete rows of knitting on divided columns formed in a two-way direction, i.e. with a single m knitting in two directions Рmin = 2.

Thus, the minimum vertical height of the hole Ov = 4B, and with the knitting of each complete row in divided sections, the height of the hole increases proportionally by two rows.

When used as the basic weave of the smooth surface, the manufacturing process of the proposed structure is greatly simplified, because in this case, laying and subsequent donning of the connecting broaches can be carried out using the needles of the second circuit without the use of additional working bodies.

The increase in the size of the hole by knitting in two directions of the unconnected sections does not lead to a tightening of the loop structure, which contains broaches connecting the divided loop posts and formed by pulling the threads from the previous enlarged loops of the first common loop after the holes. In this case, the greater the height of the hole, the larger the loops of the first row after the hole are formed.

A proposal for an application does not exclude that as a basic weave for the proposed structure of the knitwear with through openwork openings, elastic weaving can be used. However, in this case, the size of the openwork hole horizontally will be smaller than in the cooler surface, due to the back of the columns going over the front ones, and it will be clearly visible only with a sufficiently large (more than 4 rows) separate knitting of the unconnected sections of the looped columns. In addition, the process of developing such a knitwear is complicated and requires the presence of controlled additional needle-platinum products in the form of plates with one-sided bending, hooks or needles.

The proposed solution on the basis of the smooth surface is illustrated in figures 1-6, which depict: figure 1 is a General view of the weave structure according to the invention with the width of the unconnected sections in two loop columns and the minimum height of the hole; figure 2 is a graphical representation of this structure with a minimum height of the hole and the method of its manufacture; figure 3 - embodiment of the weave structure with a width of unconnected sections in four looped columns and holes six rows high, located without bias; figure 4 - embodiment of the weave structure with a width of unconnected sections in four loop columns and holes six rows high, located with a checkerboard offset; 5 is a graphical representation of a variant of the structure with offset holes and the method of its manufacture; 6 is a General view of the knitwear with holes according to the invention from the front (Fig.6A) and the wrong (Fig.6b) side (real structure).

The cooler knitwear according to the invention (Fig. 1) contains rows I and V of the basic weaving of the smooth surface and rows I-IV having holes O1, O2 and O3, the height of which is minimal and equal to four stitch rows, and they are respectively located between the stitch columns 5 and 6, 4 and 3, 2 and 1, and the width of the unconnected sections is equal to two looped posts. The first row of holes in this structure is row I of the smooth surface, followed by rows II, III with separate knitting and the last - row IV with worn connecting broaches P1, P2, P3 of the first common loop row after the hole

The knitting method of this structure (Fig. 1) consists in (Fig. 2) that, after the formation of the curl surface I, from left to right, rows II, III are formed by sequentially sequentially knitting in two directions, columns 6 and 7, then columns 5 and 4, then columns 3 and 2. Next, knitting of row IV begins from right to left with a length of at least 1.2-1.5 times the length of the thread in the loop. Moreover, when knitting broaches (platinum arches) P1, P2 and P3 connecting the looped columns separated in rows II, III are laid on adjacent needles of a different texture selected by the pattern or additional above-mentioned working bodies in the form of plates or hooks and held by them until the hole is knitted, those. until the end of the formation of row IV. Then broaches are put on the first in the direction of knitting adjacent needles of the columns 5, 3, 1 of the corresponding holes O1, O2 and O3 (marked by arrows) and then a series of V basic weaves is formed. When putting on a broach, an increase in its size occurs by pulling the threads from previously formed loops of increased length of row IV.

This method of creating a hole in the knitwear does not lead to a tightening of the structure of the knitwear, does not significantly increase the tension of the put on broach and, therefore, does not increase the density of the knitwear and its material consumption, does not reduce the strength and does not limit the size of the hole. The size of the vertical hole of the proposed knitwear is due only to considerations of its purpose and sufficient strength.

As an embodiment, the proposed knitwear according to the invention (Fig. 3) contains rows I-XII with two rows of holes O1, O2 and O3, O4 six rows high, arranged without bias, and unconnected sections four loops wide. Loop posts 2, 3, 4 and 5 are not connected to adjacent posts 1 and 6, first in rows I-VI, then in rows VII-XII. In this embodiment of the proposed structure, when the holes are placed one above the other, without knitting the base weave rows between them, the connection of the separated columns 1 and 2, as well as columns 5 and 6 occurs only due to broaches formed by unilateral knitting of rows I, XII, XIII.

When knitting a variant of the proposed structure (Fig. 3) with a hole size enlarged to six rows to prevent tightening of the loop structure when donning a selected connecting broach, the first rows after the holes are inserted in rows VI and XII with a larger loop size than in the case of a four-row hole.

The increase in the size of the holes and the vertical location without displacement and without rows of basic weaving, their location in the structure of the proposed knitwear can help to achieve the original openwork effect, but is limited by the requirements of sufficient strength and shape stability.

In order to increase strength and shape stability, as well as the diversity of the patterned effect, the embodiment of the proposed structure (Fig. 4) contains rows I-VI with holes O1 and O2 six rows high between the hinge posts 1 and 6 and located in rows VII-XII with a checkerboard offset relative to them are the same sized holes O3 and O4. The holes in this structure are located diagonally, which creates a net effect on the knitwear. The presence of loops of the basic weave between the holes located on the same vertical, contributes to greater strength and shape stability of knitwear.

The knitting method (Fig. 5) of this variant of the structure with six-row holes also requires the formation of the first rows after the holes O1, O2 and O3, O4, respectively, of rows VI and XII with a significantly increased loop size up to 1.5 times to exclude the tightening of the loop structure, and differs in that for the formation of holes O1 and O2, rows II-IV are formed by sequentially sequentially knitting in two directions, first columns 6-9 in rows 1P and 2P, and then after unilaterally knitting rows VI, VII, knitting in two directions moves to c olbiki 8-9, then 4-7 and then the bars on columns 1-3.

The actual structure of the knitwear (Fig. 6) according to the invention with an arrangement of holes eight rows high with an offset and a width of unconnected sections of four columns has distinct through openwork openings and sufficient dimensional stability both on the front (Fig. 6a) and on the wrong ( figb) sides. Checkerboard displacement of holes without rows of basic weaving between them creates the effect of a coarse mesh. The slight twist of the extreme columns of unconnected sections inside out almost closes the worn connecting broach P (Fig.6b) and protects it from damage.

Thus, the proposed cool knitwear with holes allows you to get new patterns of fabrics with different sizes and locations of through openwork openings, which makes it possible to expand the scope of this type of knitwear. The izgotovleniya method of the proposed knitwear allows you to get holes of virtually unlimited vertical size, reduce material consumption, increase strength and maintain shape stability.

Information sources

1. Patent No. 2182611 of the Russian Federation, MKI D 04 V 1/10. Culinary knitwear. /. Koblyakov V.A., Lukin A.S. Publ. 05/20/2002. Bull. Number 14.

2. Patent No. 2221908 of the Russian Federation, MKI D 04 V 1/00. Mesh knitwear and method for its manufacture. /. Tsitovich I.G., Galushkina N.V., Golban V.A. Publ. 01/20/2004. Bull.№2.

3. Shalov I.I., Dalidovich A.S., Kudryavin L.A. Knitwear technology. - M .: Legprombytizdat, 1986, p. 28-30.

Claims (3)

1. Cooler knitwear containing rows formed by a single or double weave with through openwork openings arranged according to rapport, characterized in that the through openwork openings are located in sections of at least two loop stitches, at least two unconnected between each other in four stitch rows without tightening the skeletons of the loops connected to the worn connecting broach. 2. Knitwear according to claim 1, characterized in that it contains broaches connecting the divided loop columns and formed by pulling the threads from the previous enlarged loops of the first common after the holes of the loop series. 3. A method of knitting a knitwear knitwear with openwork through holes, characterized by the formation of single or double weave stitch rows, in which, to form a hole, first, unconnected sections of loop stitches are formed by sequentially knitting them in two directions with each of the divided sections of loop stitches being drawn onto selected additional working bodies - plates with one-sided bending, hooks, needles, then they are formed e first holes after the total stitch number with increased by at least 1.2-1.5 times the length of the yarn in the loop followed by donning one in each connecting portion to the first broach towards an adjacent knitting needle, regardless of the size of openwork opening.

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