RU2674497C1 - Elastic compression perforated bandage - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: medicine.SUBSTANCE: invention relates to medicine, namely to dressing means in the form of elastic bandage bands intended for the prevention and compression treatment of veins, as well as in case of sprains of tendons, dislocations of limbs or bruises, helping to fix the injured limb in the desired position or to prevent edema. Elastic perforated compression bandage is formed from a warp knitted fabric containing a texture needle wales along base a closed chain of synthetic yarns with elastomeric yarns located inside the hinge columns, and along weft of system of yarns forming the front and seamy sides of the bandage. Canvas has sections with weft threads passing through rows of stitches, in the place of which holes are formed, the minimum width of each of which is equal to the distance between the needle wales.EFFECT: technical result of the invention is to improve the hygienic properties of the bandage, namely its breathability, while maintaining, in the preferred embodiment, the antibacterial properties of the bandage.9 cl, 3 dwg, 2 tbl, 2 ex

Description

The invention relates to medicine, namely to dressings in the form of elastic tape bandages intended for the prevention and compression treatment of veins, as well as for tendon stretching, dislocation of limbs or bruises, helping to fix the affected limb in the right position or prevent swelling. Known, chosen as the closest analogue to the proposed solution, an elastic compression antibacterial bandage formed from a two-layer warp knitted fabric, the layers of which are interconnected by elastic threads, while one of the layers of the fabric is made of synthetic threads modified with an additive with antimicrobial action containing silver ions . Another layer of the fabric can also be made of synthetic yarns, however, it is mainly made of natural and / or artificial yarns or fibers, but they can be combined with chemical fibers or yarns (RU 75570, class A61F 13/00, published on 08/20/2008 )

The well-known bandage is characterized by insufficient breathability, which can lead to the accumulation of pathogens under it, leading to the formation of an unpleasant odor and the expansion of infection.

The technical result of the invention is to improve the hygienic properties of the bandage, namely its breathability, while maintaining, in the preferred embodiment, the antibacterial properties of the bandage.

The named technical result is achieved in the invention due to the following set of features.

The perforated elastic compression bandage is formed from a warp knitted fabric containing, on the basis of the loop stitching posts, a closed chain of synthetic threads with elastomeric threads located inside the loop stitches, and weft systems of natural and / or synthetic and / or synthetic yarn and / or or threads forming the front and back sides of the bandage, while the fabric has sections with weft threads missing in the loop rows, in place of which holes are formed, the minimum width and each of which is equal to the distance between the looped posts.

Cotton yarn was mainly used as natural, but yarn consisting of threads or fibers of flax, kapok, wool, silk, or a mixture thereof, including with cotton.

As artificial threads or yarns, viscose yarn or yarn, or a modified viscose fiber, may be used.

As synthetic threads or yarns can be used: polyester, polypropylene or polyamide threads or yarn, and as elastomeric - latex threads.

Natural and / or artificial threads, yarn or fibers may be treated with an antimicrobial solution.

Synthetic yarns or yarns can be modified with an antimicrobial additive containing silver ions.

The compression class for all options for the bandage is 0-4.

The invention is illustrated by drawings, where in FIG. 1 schematically shows the structure of a bandage; in FIG. 2 - the layout of the needles of the warp knitting machine and the progress of the weft threads are given; in FIG. 3 - photo of the bandage.

In FIG. 1 shows a fragment of a possible embodiment of a bandage with a scheme for weaving said fibers and threads. So, the first and second weft yarn systems 1 and 2, made, for example, of cotton yarn, are fixed in the loops of the hinged columns of the warp thread 3, made of elastic synthetic, for example, polyester thread 4, and arranged with a certain pitch (about 0.5 cm ) parallel to each other (Fig. 3). Inside the columns of the warp yarn 3 are latex elastomeric yarns 5, which on both sides are covered with weft yarn 1 and 2. The fabric is characterized by ordered sections with an incomplete structure with missing, for example, weft yarns of both systems in each 6-12 rows, which is expressed in the formation on the canvas through holes 6 (Fig. 1 and 3). The height of the holes may be different. So, for the formation of shorter holes, the weft threads of both systems can be skipped in each 10-12 rows of the bandage or for the formation of longer holes in each 2-12 rows of the bandage.

In an advantageous embodiment of the bandage, each said hole 6 has a rectangular or square shape and the following dimensions: the width of the hole is equal to the distance between the looped posts of the warp thread 3; the height of the hole is six times the height of the loop of the indicated loop post. However, it is possible to make a bandage with other hole sizes, for example, with a width equal to twice the distance between the hinge posts.

In FIG. 2, the symbol “A” indicates the progress of the first system of weft, for example, cotton yarn forming one side of the fabric (front or back), the symbol “B” indicates the progress of the second system of the weft, for example, cotton or synthetic yarn, forming the other side of the fabric (front or wrong side). The “C” symbol indicates the course of the latex thread (the third system of weft threads). The symbol "D" indicates the course of the polyester warp.

Perforated elastic compression bandage can be made on warp knitting single-loop flat knitting machines of class 10-15. A method of manufacturing - cut. The short end edges of the bandage are overcast on the overlock. The seam used is four-thread, overcasting, the frequency of stitches is 26 stitches per 1 cm. Bandages are cut in length: 1.0; 1.5; 2.0; 2.5; 3.0; 3.5; 4.0; 5.0 meters, deviations are allowed in width + _0.5 cm., In length + _0.2 cm.

The following is an example of manufacturing a bandage on a warp knitting machine of class 15.

The needles corresponding to the symbol “D” are laid out on the needle plate, in order from the right edge of the fabric to the left, as shown in FIG. 2: one needle, one empty place for needles, second needle, one empty place for needles, ... twenty-sixth needle, one empty place for needles, and the last twenty-seventh needle. The total number of needles is 27.

They stretch 27 warp threads, pass them through the needle blocks and bring them to the needles.

The weft of the first system is laid on the base "D" using the yarn guide, the course of which is indicated in FIG. 2 by the symbol “A”. The weft of the third system is laid on the basis of "D" using special blocks for latex. The number of latex threads should correspond to (equal to) the number of warp threads, i.e. in the above example 27. The course along which the thread guides for latex move is indicated in FIG. 2 by the symbol "C".

The weft thread of the second system is laid on the base "D" using thread guides, the course of which is indicated in FIG. 2 by the symbol "B".

A feature of the proposed bandage is that it is perforated. This is achieved by placing yarn feeders for the first and second weft yarn systems in such a way that their stroke is completely consistent when using special dies.

However, to achieve the best hygienic properties of medical products made from the proposed fabric, associated with increasing its breathability, as well as the possibility of using yarn with different lengths and fineness of fibers and having different physical and mechanical properties, weft yarn with the front and the wrong side the parties are laid out as follows:

- cotton yarn on the front side is laid out using several yarn feeders, each of which moves according to a given report;

- synthetic yarn on the wrong side is also laid out using several yarn feeders using an identical report, and the course of the yarn yarn of synthetic yarn is combined with the yarn guide on the front side.

This embodiment of the bandage cloth allows you to form through holes (cells) 6 in it, and several yarn feeders, each of which is associated with its own yarn system, allows you to get a bandage cloth with different properties and a combination of colors, which greatly diversifies the range of such products.

Thus, in total for the manufacture of the proposed fabric using 18 non-drivers.

The control of the thread guide is carried out mechanically or electronically.

The extensibility of the bandage web, the density and location of the needles on the needle plate are controlled by knitting this web similar to the invention described in patent RU 2289643.

The proposed bandage is characterized by good elastic properties, which allows in its inoperative position to significantly reduce its size, and in the working (extended) position, due to perforation, to provide the necessary breathability of the product (Fig. 3).

For the manufacture of the proposed bandage, depending on the problem being solved, it can be used both natural (cotton, linen, etc.), and artificial (viscose, etc.) or synthetic (polyester, polypropylene or polyamide, etc. ) yarn or thread or any combination of these fibers among themselves, which are part of the mixture of yarn.

For example, modern developments of synthetic light fibers are known, which along with natural fibers provide warming, remove moisture and allow the skin to breathe. This effect is achieved due to the combination of thermally active polymers with small hollow fibers. Such materials include: Thermolite, Outlast, etc.

Polypropylene (PP) is actively used in the manufacture of knitted products. PP fibers have the lowest specific gravity, do not sink in water (lighter than water). The use of PP micro-fibers gives the bandage lightness, allows the product to "breathe", remove moisture, guaranteeing a pleasant feeling of freshness. The design of the bandage, which is achieved by combining PP with other fibers (PP + cotton, PP + polyamide, 100% PP, etc.), allows moisture to pass from the inside of the bandage to its front side. In addition, PP provides the bandage with high wear resistance.

Based on viscose fiber, modified fibers, such as polynose fiber, siblon, mtilon, etc., and fibers created according to new technologies, such as high-modulus viscose fiber Modal, tensel (TENCEL), etc. are created such fibers have increased strength, resistance to abrasion and repeated bending. Already used fibers - siblon - are used as a substitute for medium-fiber cotton, and polynose fiber in its properties can be an analogue of fine-fiber cotton. The yarn, consisting of or including polynose fiber, gives the bandage stable shape stability and low creasing.

Modification is the imparting of new predefined properties to existing fibers upon receipt, due to the introduction of changes in the technological processes of production.

Fiber Modal is a modified version of viscose fiber, which is made from cellulose and has a composition similar to natural cotton, but at the same time it is distinguished by its silky sheen, softness and high hygroscopicity, as well as excellent dimensional stability and strength. In comparison with products made of viscose fiber, such fibers are less wrinkled, do not shrink, and have better shape stability.

Tensel is an environmentally friendly hypoallergenic viscose fiber produced by the most sophisticated technology for managing nanofibrils from natural wood pulp. Tencel is extremely durable, has a uniform structure. Tensel products are especially soft and resilient. Tensel fiber is as thin as silk, as strong as polyester fiber, as easy to care as acrylic fiber, cool and refreshing like linen, 50% better absorb moisture than cotton.

The use of viscose fiber Tensel and Modal in yarn, which is part of the bandage will allow you to make products with the expected physical and mechanical properties.

The elastic threads of the base of the bandage consist of latex threads braided with polyester or polypropylene or polyamide thread. Other suitable elastic textured medium elongated synthetic yarns may also be used. The linear density of the polyester or polypropylene or polyamide yarn is 10-100 Tex.

As an example, in the proposed bandage cloth, the following three types of threads can be used:

- cotton thread 34/1 in three additions in each thread guide (A) and (B);

- polyester untwisted yarn, linear density 16.0 tex (D);

- latex round tape, number 42 (C).

Synthetic threads, which are used to form the loop stitches of the warp and one of the sides of the bandage, which include polyester (polyester), polyamide and polypropylene threads, can have an antimicrobial additive, for example, silver ions, which will increase the hygienic properties of products made from them that are in direct contact with the human body, for example, bandages. A method of obtaining such threads is described in patents RU 90798 and 97134.

The linear density (number) of cotton yarn is in the range of values: 250 tex × 1-6.66 tex × 1 (4 / 1-150 / 1) or 125 tex × 2-6.66 tex × 2 (8 / 2-150 / 2).

The linear density of synthetic threads or yarn is in the range of values: 125 tex × 1-5 tex × 1 or 125 tex × 2-5 tex × 2.

The bandage cloth is made by weaving a closed duck chain with a surface density of 120 to 800 g / sq.m.

The elongation of this web is at least 25%.

The breaking load of this sheet is not less than 50 kgf.

The compression class is 0-4.

The proposed elastic bandages have increased comfort, and also provide hygienic, allergy-free, breathable, bactericidal and other properties necessary for these products.

To provide the desired effect on human organs, the proposed elastic bandages have varying degrees of extensibility and compression. It should be recalled that extensibility is the ability of an elastic bandage to change its linear dimensions under the influence of loads. Distinguish elastic bandages of low, medium and high degree of extensibility. Compression is the pressure that an elastic product creates, in our case a bandage. Compression class - the degree of such pressure. Elongation and surface density determine the degree of compression or pressure of the bandage on diseased tissue. These indicators are inextricably linked and complement each other.

The claimed bandage can be made of all five compression classes. So bandages with a zero compression class are intended, for example, to maintain soft tissues at rest 3-4 weeks after removal of the cast.

Compression class 1 - to maintain soft tissues at rest during the first (one to two) weeks after removal of the plaster cast, treatment of varicose veins of the upper and lower extremities of 1, 2 degrees, maintaining the joints at rest after injuries and operations.

Compression class 2 - to relieve post-traumatic edema of various etiologies, maintain soft tissues after liposuction, treatment of varicose veins of 3, 4 degrees.

Compression class 3 - to maintain varicose veins after sclerotherapy, treatment of lymphostasis of the upper and lower extremities of 1, 2 degrees.

Compression class 4 - for the treatment of lymphostasis of the upper and lower extremities 3, 4 degrees.

The following are examples of the specific implementation of the two options for the bandage.

An example of the first version of the bandage.

Technical requirements for an elastic compression double-layer bandage antibacterial, the threads or yarns of the front or back side of which are treated with silver ions, are summarized in table 1.

The surface density of the first version of the bandage is 350-390 g / m2.

An example of the second version of the bandage.

Technical requirements for an elastic compression double-sided antibacterial bandage, the yarn or threads of the front or back side of which is treated with jojoba and aloe vera oils with the addition of vitamin E are summarized in table 2.

The surface density of the second version of the bandage is 320-390 g / sq.

The extensibility of both options of the bandage is average and is 100% -150%.

It should be noted that textile threads in the first version of the bandage are active against gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria. The use of synthetic polypropylene filaments with silver ions in the proposed bandage helps to suppress the growth of bacteria, as well as the fight against fungi, which reduces the expansion of infection and prevents the formation of an unpleasant odor, ensuring the hygienic properties of the product.

Since a bacterium-resistant additive with an antimicrobial effect, containing silver ions, is added to the mass of threads, and not to their surface, it does not migrate from the fabric to the skin, and therefore, is constantly stored in the fabric, even after repeated washing.

Claims (9)

1. Perforated elastic compression bandage, formed from a warp knitted fabric containing, on the basis of the loop stitches, a closed chain of synthetic threads with elastomeric threads located inside the loop stitches, and along the weft of the system of threads forming the front and back sides of the bandage, while the fabric has sections with weft threads missing in the loop rows, in the place of which holes are formed, the minimum width of each of which is equal to the distance between the loop columns. 2. The bandage according to claim 1, characterized in that the system of threads forming the front and back sides are made of natural and / or artificial and / or synthetic yarn and / or threads. 3. The bandage according to claim 2, characterized in that cotton yarn or threads are used as natural. 4. The bandage according to claim 2, characterized in that the rayon yarn or yarn or modified viscose fiber is used as artificial. 5. The bandage according to claim 2, characterized in that the natural and / or artificial threads or yarn are treated with an antimicrobial solution. 6. The bandage according to claim 2, characterized in that the following are used as synthetic threads or yarn: polyester, polypropylene or polyamide thread or yarn. 7. The bandage according to claim 6, characterized in that the synthetic yarns or yarns are modified with an antimicrobial additive containing silver ions. 8. The bandage according to claim 1, characterized in that latex threads are used as elastomeric. 9. The bandage according to claim 1, characterized in that its compression class is 0-4.

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