RU2288960C2 - Method of reworking wastes of cable products - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: reworking of cable product wastes; utilization of wastes for production of ferrous and non-ferrous metals and construction engineering.

SUBSTANCE: proposed method includes separation of cable into steel parts and electrical parts by simultaneous translational motion and rotation of steel part around cable axis followed by winding it on receiving reel; these operations are related by the following dependence W=L/t, where W is number of revolutions of steel part around cable axis, r/min; L is linear velocity of translational motion of steel part, m/min; t is cable twist pitch, m. Electrical cores are subjected only to translational motion at velocity L and to winding on receiving reel. Steel part is separated into one, two and more components. Winding procedure may be replaced by cutting the steel part.

EFFECT: enhanced efficiency; reduced losses of extracted materials; improved quality of finished product.

2 cl, 1 dwg

Description

The invention relates to the field of processing waste from the production and operation of cable, mainly armored, and the finished product can be used at metallurgical plants in the production of ferrous and non-ferrous metals, in construction, etc.

It is known that an armored cable contains conductive conductors made of copper or aluminum, enclosed in an insulating polymer material and armored midwires made of round steel wire.

The widespread production and use of armored cables leads to a large accumulation of waste and sharply poses the problem of their disposal and the use of finished products in various sectors of the economy.

This invention offers one way to solve the problem of recycling cable products.

A known production line and method for extracting metal from waste current conductors in polymer insulation (USSR Author's Certificate No. 583190, class C 22 V 7/00).

The line includes a crusher, a conveyor, a classifier for separating fines, a blade metering unit, a pneumatic separator with a fan, and a control system that ensure such operations as supplying raw materials, crushing in air, pneumatic transportation to classification for separating fines, pneumatic separation.

The disadvantage of this method is the sintering of particles during crushing due to the large amount of heat, which complicates further pneumatic separation. To eliminate sintering, it is necessary to use air to disperse the classified material, which in turn increases the loss of recoverable materials due to their entrainment into the atmosphere at various stages of production.

A known method of processing waste current conductors, for example, steel-aluminum wire with separation into steel and aluminum (USSR Author's Certificate No. 1668436, class C 22 V 7/00). Adopted for the prototype.

The method consists in measuring the diameter of the wire, the step of twisting the outer coil of aluminum wires and the number of coil of aluminum wires, cutting the wire into pieces with a length determined by the formula:

, где

where

L is the length of the piece;

D is the diameter of the wire;

t is the step of twisting the wire;

n is the number of counties.

Powders of aluminum wires are subjected to vibration processing for separation into aluminum and steel components and the subsequent separation of steel components by magnetic separation.

The main disadvantages of this method:

- the use of cabling in general and the mixing of steel and aluminum parts leads to clogging of the steel part with aluminum components, and aluminum part - the steel component, so the finished product is of poor quality;

- the use of vibration processing leads to the entrainment of the extracted materials into the atmosphere and, as a result, the loss of labor productivity;

- the use of air to separate waste into steel and non-ferrous parts is an unreliable operation and, therefore, can lead to their mixing and the receipt of scrap of inadequate quality.

The technical task of this invention is to increase the efficiency of processing, reduce losses of recoverable materials, improve the quality of finished products. This problem is solved by the method of dividing the cable, mainly armored, into the constituent elements: the steel part and electrical conductors by simultaneously translating and rotating the steel part around the cable axis and then winding it onto the receiving coil, and these operations are related by the formula:

где

Where

W is the number of revolutions of the steel part around the axis of the cable, rpm;

L is the linear speed of the translational movement of the steel part, m / min;

t is the step of twisting the cable, m, or the subsequent cutting of the steel part of the cable into pieces, and the electrical conductors are subjected only to translational movement with speed L and winding on the receiving coil.

Moreover, the separation of the steel part is carried out into one, two or more components.

The implementation of the proposed method is shown in the drawing. The cable wastes are wound on a return drum 1, from which the cable 2 goes to the dies 3 and here the cable is divided into a steel part 4 and an electric core 6. After that, the steel part is subjected to translational movement and rotation around the cable axis, and these operations are related by the formula :

где

Where

W is the number of revolutions of the steel part around the axis of the cable, rpm;

L is the linear speed of translational movement, m / min;

t - cable lay pitch, m

For the convenience of performing these operations, the steel part 4 passes through a disk 7, rotating at a speed W, and wound around the receiving coil 5 at a speed L.

The electric core 6 is subjected only to translational movement with speed L and winding on the receiving coil.

For example, if we have a used cable with a diameter of 5.0 mm with one layer of armor made of steel wire with a pitch of 40.0 mm and a linear speed of movement of the steel part and the electrical core of 10 m / min, then the number of revolutions of the steel part around the cable axis will be:

Consequently, the steel part will move at a speed of 10 m / min and rotate around the axis of the cable with a speed of 250 rpm, and the electric core will also move at a speed of 10 m / min. If we take the number of revolutions of the steel part 100 rpm, then its linear velocity will be 4 m / min. The electric core will also move at the same speed.

The last operation of winding a steel part onto a pick-up reel can be replaced by cutting it into pieces using finished products for their intended purpose, for example, for reinforcing concrete.

In addition, the separation of the steel part is possible into one, two or more components, depending on the design of the machine, its performance, destination of the finished product, etc.

The advantages of the proposed method are obvious.

The quality of separation of the cable into the steel part and the electrical core is high, there is no mixing of the steel and copper components with each other, sintering of individual pieces of metal and plastic material is eliminated, there is no removal of the steel and electric parts with air at various stages of processing.

Concerning:

- increases the efficiency of recycling waste electrical cables;

- reduced losses of recoverable materials during processing;

- improves the quality of finished products.

Claims (2)

1. A method of processing waste cable products, including the separation of the cable, mainly armored, into constituent elements: the steel part and electrical conductors, characterized in that the separation of the cable into the steel part and electrical conductors is performed by simultaneous translational movement and rotation of the steel part around the cable axis and its subsequent winding on the receiving coil, and these operations are interconnected by the formula:

where W is the number of revolutions of the steel part around the cable axis, rpm; L is the linear speed of the translational movement of the steel part, m / min; t - cable lay pitch, m, or subsequent chopping of the steel part of the cable into pieces, and the electrical conductors are subjected only to translational movement with a speed L and winding on the receiving coil. 2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that the separation of the steel part is made into one, two or more components.