RU2286851C2 - Device for cleaning gas flow - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: separation.

SUBSTANCE: device comprises housing provided with chamber. The inlet branch pipe is mounted in the top section of the chamber along its vertical axis. The flow generator made of a cone with curved surface underlies the branch pipe. The curved surface together with the curved surface that conjugates the wall of the inlet branch pipe with the inner wall of the chamber defines a passage that deflects the inlet flow to the inner curved wall of the chamber. The bottom edge of the flow generator forms the exit of the passage made of a ring slot nozzle . The curved wall of the chamber transforms the flow from the ring slot nozzle into the near-wall toroidal vortex. The bottom section of the chamber is converging downward. The collector underlies the chamber. The inlet section of the outlet branch pipe for discharging the cleaned air is arranged along the axis of the chamber at the center of the near-wall toroidal vortex.

EFFECT: enhanced quality of cleaning and simplified structure.

2 cl, 2 dwg

Description

The invention relates to devices for separating suspended particles from gases using inertial and centrifugal forces, in particular for separating dust or oil particles.

Numerous designs of such devices are known. The closest are the following.

In the direct-flow separator of gas-liquid flow according to patent RU 2163162, publ. 2001.02.20, IPC B 01 D 45/04. The separator contains a casing pipe with a nozzle and a separation pipe. An outlet pipe of the separated gas stream is brought out through the wall of the casing pipe. The lower part of the casing pipe made in the form of a confuser, through the end of which the outlet of the direct separation pipe and a coaxial additional drain pipe are discharged.This device is aimed only at oil separation and is ineffective for separation of solid parts c.

"Device for the separation and purification of particles from the gas stream" according to patent FR 2781691, publ. 2000.02.04, IPC B 01 D 45/16 has a camera, in the upper part of which an inlet pipe is installed on the vertical axis of the camera, a flow former in the form of a cone with a curved surface is installed under the pipe. The camera at the top is divided into two parts. At the top of the second part of the chamber, outlet pipes are installed. Air from the first part of the chamber to the second enters through the channels made at the inlet pipe.

This device has structural similarities in the upper part of the chamber, however, air flows in the chamber are formed differently, otherwise the outlet of purified air is organized. In General, the device is quite complex structurally and can not provide sufficient flow.

The closest is the "Cyclone apparatus for deposition" according to patent DE 4320615, publ. 1995.01.05, IPC B 01 D 45/04.

The apparatus has a tapering funnel-shaped inlet pipe forming a spiral vortex. At the top of the inlet pipe is the outlet pipe for clean air. A bell-shaped or spherical element is attached to the funnel-shaped tube to calm the air flow. In the middle part of this element is an air intake, which is connected by a vertical pipe to the upper part of the funnel-shaped inlet pipe, from where the cleaned air enters the outlet pipe for clean air.

The device in question cannot provide a sufficient degree of air purification, primarily because the outlet pipe is located at the inlet of the funnel-shaped inlet pipe and clean air enters it from two points - from the center of the funnel-shaped pipe and from the bell-shaped element.

In the bell-shaped element, also, cleaning is not carried out efficiently enough, since a wall vortex is not formed in which the gas flow from solid or liquid inclusions is most efficiently released.

The claimed invention solves the problem of efficiently cleaning gas streams from solid or liquid inclusions with the simplicity of design and high cleaning efficiency.

The gas stream purification device includes a housing that includes a chamber. An inlet pipe is installed in the upper part of the chamber along its vertical axis, a flow former in the form of a cone with a curved surface, which, together with a curved surface that mates the wall of the inlet pipe with the inner wall of the chamber, forms a channel deflecting the input stream to the inner curved wall of the chamber . The lower edge of the flow former forms the channel outlet in the form of an annular slotted nozzle. The curvilinear wall of the chamber is made in the form of a surface, which ensures the formation of a stream emerging from the said annular slot nozzle in the form of a wall toroidal vortex. The lower part of the chamber is made tapering downward; a collection is installed under the chamber. The input part of the outlet pipe, which removes purified air, is located along the axis of the chamber, in the region of the zone located in the center of the wall toroidal vortex.

This design ensures that the contaminated gas stream enters the chamber in the form of a narrow stream that follows the curved wall of the chamber due to the Coanda effect. A vacuum forms near the chamber wall and a wall toroidal vortex forms. Due to the movement of the vortex near the chamber wall, solid or liquid particles of contaminants are effectively inhibited, lose kinetic energy and are separated from the air stream. Part of the cleaned air stream enters the outlet pipe located in the center of the parietal toroidal vortex, the other part merges with the inlet stream, maintaining a stable state of the vortex. Contaminants fall into the lower part of the chamber and further into the collector. Drops of liquid or oil flow down the tapering bottom of the chamber.

The device can work effectively with both dust streams and clean the air stream from liquids or oils.

For compactness of the device, the outlet pipe of purified air can be located inside the inlet pipe along its axis.

For more efficient operation of the device with dusty streams in the inlet pipe before entering the mentioned channel, a receiver can be installed.

The invention is illustrated by drawings. Figure 1 presents an embodiment of the device mainly for cleaning streams from liquids and oils. Figure 2 presents an embodiment of the device mainly for cleaning streams having solid inclusions, such as dust.

The gas stream cleaning device (FIG. 1 and FIG. 2) includes a housing 1, which comprises a chamber 2. An inlet pipe 3 is installed in the upper part of the chamber along its vertical axis 3. A flow former 4 in the form of a cone with a curved surface 5 is installed under the pipe 3, which, together with a curved surface 6 that mates the wall of the inlet pipe with the inner wall of the chamber, forms a channel 7. The lower edge of the flow former 4 forms a channel exit in the form of an annular slotted nozzle 8. The curved wall 9 of the chamber is made in the form of a surface a tee, which ensures the formation of a stream exiting the said annular slotted nozzle, in the form of a wall toroidal vortex 10. A collector 11 is installed under the chamber 2. The inlet part of the outlet pipe 12 that removes purified air is located along the axis of the chamber 2 in the region of the zone located in the center of the wall toroidal vortex 10.

In an embodiment for cleaning streams from liquids and oils (Figure 1), the removal of purified air through the outlet pipe 12 occurs downward. In an embodiment for cleaning streams having solid inclusions, for example dust (FIG. 2), an air outlet is shown through an outlet 12 located inside the inlet 3, i.e. upwards.

When cleaning streams having solid inclusions, such as dust, it is advisable to increase the degree of purification before entering the channel 7 to install the receiver 13 (Figure 2).

A device for cleaning a gas stream from liquid or oil works as follows (Figure 1). Polluted air enters the chamber 2 through the inlet pipe 3, channel 7, which deflects the flow to the curved wall 9 of the chamber 2. At the outlet of the nozzle 8, a narrow flow is formed, which “sticks” to the wall 9 due to the Coanda effect. The toroidal parietal vortex 10, which is formed inside the chamber 2, is inhibited against its walls and the liquid or oil is separated from the air flow and flows down into the collector 11. The purified air is discharged through the outlet pipe. The flow velocity at the exit of the slotted nozzle 8 is about 40 m / s, the velocity in the nozzle 12 of the purified air is about 15 m / s. The device can provide clean air throughput up to 30,000 m ³ / h.

A device for cleaning a gas stream from solid contaminants, dust (Figure 2) works as follows.

Polluted air in front of the inlet pipe 3 enters the receiver 13, where the pressure drops. Then, in channel 7, the air accelerates to a high speed of about 40 m / s. A toroidal wall vortex 10 also arises in chamber 2. Dust particles lose kinetic energy and fall into the collector 11. The purified air flows upward through the outlet 12.

Claims (3)

1. A gas stream purification device, characterized in that the device body comprises a chamber, in the upper part of which an inlet pipe is installed on the vertical axis of the chamber, a flow former in the form of a cone with a curved surface, which together with a curved surface that mates the wall of the inlet pipe, is installed under the pipe with the inner wall of the chamber, forms a channel deflecting the input stream to the inner curved wall of the chamber, the lower edge of the said flow former forms the outlet mentioned about the channel in the form of an annular slotted nozzle, said curved chamber wall is made in the form of a surface that ensures the formation of a stream emerging from the said annular slotted nozzle in the form of a wall toroidal vortex, the lower part of the chamber is tapering downward, a collector is installed under the chamber, and the input part of the outlet , which removes purified air, is located along the axis of the chamber in the region of the zone located in the center of the wall toroidal vortex. 2. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that the inside of the inlet pipe along its axis is the outlet pipe of purified air. 3. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that a receiver is installed in the inlet pipe before entering the said channel.

Images