RU2283064C9 - Post-resection removable maxillary artificial denture - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: medical engineering.

SUBSTANCE: device has base with artificial teeth and obturator corresponding to defect shape. The monolith silicon obturator has retention opening and is removably connected to the base bearing artificial teeth by means of fixing member being a projection with spherical head manufactured from the same material as the base is. The retention opening repeats fixing member shape.

EFFECT: minimized prosthesis excursion in chewing; provided leakproofness between oral and nasal cavity.

2 cl, 4 dwg

Description

The invention relates to medicine, in particular to orthopedic dentistry, and is intended to eliminate extensive defects of soft tissues and bone structures of the facial skeleton of various etiologies in operated patients with partial resection of the upper jaw. In orthopedic dentistry, the case is widespread when teeth are preserved with extensive postoperative defects of the upper jaw. This case is described in patent RU patent No. 2192201 A 61 C 13/007 publ. 06/27/02. "Resectional removable denture of the upper jaw."

The prosthesis contains a base with artificial teeth, an obturator, the base of which is rigidly connected to the base, made in the form of a hemisphere and corresponding to the defect configuration, the base is equipped with an air valve with bilateral conductivity, one end of which is connected to the obturator cavity, and the other through a threaded connection to the tooth cap, the obturator is made of elastic material and has a wall thickness that allows the obturator to stretch in a horizontal plane when air is supplied under pressure through h valve into the cavity of the obturator, on the inner surface of the obturator along the meridian relative to its dome, at least two stiffeners are made.

The disadvantages of this prosthesis are the complexity of its manufacture, the inconvenience of use, the inability for the patient to remove or install the prosthesis without the help of medical staff. In addition, an obturator having thin walls is prone to deformation during chewing, which creates an excessive excursion of the entire prosthesis.

Closest to the claimed is a resection removable denture of the upper jaw (RF patent No. 2183437 from 06/20/2000, A 61 C 13/007 date of publication. 06/20/2002, author Abakarov S.I.), taken as a prototype. It is designed to fill the defect of the upper jaw of various origins in cases where there is a message of the maxillary sinus or sinuses with the oral cavity in the presence of teeth on the healthy side of the jaw. This prosthesis contains an obturator made of elastic plastic, the base of which is rigidly connected to the base of the prosthesis. The obturator is made hollow with elastic thin walls with the possibility of repeating the relief-shaped spatial configuration of the defect of the upper jaw. The base of the prosthesis is equipped with a metal tube, one end of which is connected to the cavity of the obturator, and the other through a threaded connection with the tooth cap. The obturator has a wall thickness of 3.0 mm.

The disadvantage of the prototype is that an obturator having thin walls is prone to deformation during chewing, which creates an excessive excursion of the entire prosthesis. This leads to injury to the oral mucosa and loosening of the teeth. The disadvantage of the prototype is also the complexity of its manufacture and complexity when used by the patient, namely when installing and removing.

The objective of the present invention is to provide a resectional removable denture of the upper jaw to completely eliminate these disadvantages.

The inventive resection removable denture of the upper jaw consists of a base with artificial teeth and an obturator. The basis has a locking element for connection with the obturator in the form of a protrusion with a spherical head and neck. The ratio of the diameters of the head and neck is 2: 1. For example, the diameter of the head is 8-10 mm, and the neck is 4-5 mm. The obturator is made integral, completely repeats the configuration of the defect and has a retention hole that exactly repeats the shape of the fixing element of the base, which allows to achieve a tight and durable connection of the two parts of the removable resection prosthesis of the upper jaw.

The basis is made in the usual way from acrylic plastic. Depending on the size of the postoperative defect, the basis may have two fixing elements, and the obturator, respectively, two retention holes.

For the manufacture of the obturator, GosSil material was used, which is a silicone-based composition for hot polymerization (registration certificate of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation No. 29/13111202 / 5107-03. OKP code: 939150).

Figure 1 and 2 shows a schematic drawing of a combined removable resection prosthesis of the upper jaw. Figure 3 - disassembled prosthesis. Figure 4 - prosthesis installed in place of a postoperative defect. The resection removable denture of the upper jaw contains a removable silicone obturator 1 connected to an acrylic base 2 with artificial teeth having a fixing element 3, with a head 4 and a neck 5. The removable silicone obturator 1 has a retention hole 6 inside (one or two depending on the number of fixing elements).

To restore the postoperative defect, the patient independently enters the obturator into the cavity of the defect, then establishes a basis with artificial teeth, which is tightly fixed with the obturator. The technical result of the claimed invention is a minimum tour of the prosthesis during chewing, simplicity and ease of use by the patient and ease of manufacture, as well as ensuring complete tightness between the oral cavity and the nasal cavity, its non-injury. Chewing function is fully restored, as the silicone-based composition used in the monolith for the manufacture of the obturator has a sufficient degree of rigidity to transmit chewing pressure and is not deformed. At the same time, it is quite flexible and supple, as a result of which the obturator tightly fills the postoperative defect, providing complete tightness between the oral cavity and nose. The patient improves phonation. In addition, the elasticity of the obturator facilitates its introduction into the cavity of the defect and removal from it.

The resectable denture of the upper jaw is simple to manufacture, does not require sophisticated equipment, and can be made in any dental laboratory.

Claims (2)

1. Resection removable denture of the upper jaw containing a base with artificial teeth and an obturator corresponding to the defect configuration, characterized in that the obturator is made of monolithic silicone with a retention hole and is detachably connected to the basis with artificial teeth using a fixing element made in the form of a protrusion with a spherical head made of a base material, while the retention hole follows the shape of the locking element. 2. Resectional removable denture of the upper jaw according to claim 1, characterized in that the ratio of the diameters of the head and neck of the fixing element is 2: 1.

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