RU2281240C2 - Method of recording parameters of load-lifting machine - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: mechanical engineering; load lifting and handling machinery.

SUBSTANCE: proposed method provides obtaining data on analog and discrete parameters characterizing load and spatial position of load-lifting machine, primary processing of obtained data and subsequent multiple processing, particularly, periodical one, recording of data in memory device with possibility of readout in case of necessity. Changes in parameters of load-lifting machine or control action of machine operator are additionally revealed, and directly after said changes, parameters of load-lifting machine are recorded. After change of any discrete parameter of load-lifting machine or control action of machine operator within the limits of preset time internal, reduced value of period of parameter recording is set and speed of change of any analog parameter is determined and period of recording of parameters inversely proportional to said speed is set. In case of simultaneous changes of several analog and discrete parameters and control actions of machine operator, minimum period of recording of parameters of all possible values of period is set. Moreover, parameters of load-lifting machine are recorded in memory device of several component parts of parameter recorder or safety system, including peripheral devices (sensors) of load-lifting machine parameters, exchange of data between which is provided by wire or wireless communication line. Group of inventions provides reliability of information and recording of load-lifting machine parameters in case of emergencies or failures of mechanisms and units at unexpected or intentional switching off of supply voltage of parameters recorder.

EFFECT: improved reliability of storing parameter records in case of heavy breakdowns of load-lifting machines leading to destruction of separate components of parameters recorder.

10 cl, 1 dwg

Description

The invention relates to the field of mechanical engineering and can be used in protection and control systems of lifting machines for recording, accumulating, storing and processing operational and long-term information about the parameters of their work.

A known method of measuring and recording the magnitude and time of operation of a lifting machine (crane) by measuring the load and the angle of inclination of the boom, exposure to a special summing electric motor in accordance with the results of these measurements and subsequent registration of the number of revolutions of the electric motor, as well as counting the calendar time of its operation [1] .

The disadvantage of this method is the limited functionality, in particular, due to the lack of registration of the maximum load on the load gripping bodies and the coordinates of the load relative to the crane.

There is also a known method of fixing the characteristics of lifting mechanisms, based on measuring signals proportional to these characteristics, primary processing of the converted signals, together with previously stored signals that determine the order of this processing, forming a time interval and, in the case of signals proportional to the results of the primary processing of the converted signals and exceeding the established threshold level in the formed time interval, remembering their values and time Meni appearance [2].

In this technical solution, registration is made of all the basic parameters of the lifting machine, as well as registration of the time of occurrence of critical conditions.

However, the registration of parameters is carried out only if they exceed the established threshold levels, which is a disadvantage of this method.

More perfect and closest to the proposed one is a method of recording the parameters of a lifting machine by obtaining data on analog and discrete parameters characterizing the load and spatial position of the lifting machine, their primary processing and subsequent repeated, in particular periodic, recording in a memory with the possibility of reading in case the need, as well as changing the period of this record within the established limits, which consists in reducing the period of this record when chenii load hoisting machine [3, 4].

In this method, periodic registration of analog and discrete operating parameters of a lifting machine is carried out.

However, the frequency of this registration is determined only by the load of the lifting machine. When choosing the period and time points at which the operating parameters are recorded, the rate of change of these parameters, the control actions of the crane operator, and also the change in the state of the hoisting machine are not taken into account. This leads to a decrease in the information content of the registration of parameters necessary for the analysis of the causes of accidents of a lifting machine or the causes of failures of its components and mechanisms.

In particular, in the known method with relatively small loads of the lifting machine, the registration of its parameters is carried out with a large period (for example, with a period of 20 s with a load of up to 40% of the maximum load capacity of the machine). This leads to the fact that for a sufficiently long time interval (in this case, 20 s), the parameters are not recorded. In this time interval, accidents and failures of components and mechanisms of the lifting machine, not related to overloading the machine, are possible. These include, in particular, accidents caused by collisions with various obstacles, pulling a load by a crane, lifting a load directly from its place by boom telescoping mechanisms, exceeding the permissible speed of moving the load, twisting the hoisting ropes of the hoisting gear, uneven tension of the slings, etc. Therefore, the long period of recording the parameters of the lifting machine in these cases does not allow to obtain sufficiently complete information necessary for the analysis of the causes of accidents of the lifting machine or failure of its components and mechanisms. This is a significant disadvantage of the known method.

When analyzing the causes of accidents of the load-lifting machine or failures of its components and mechanisms, the values of its operating parameters in transient conditions have an increased information content - immediately after the control actions of the driver (crane operator) of the load-lifting machine, after changing any of its analog and discrete parameters (operation of the limit switch or the maximum lowering of the load-gripping body, limit switch for locking the boom sections, etc.). However, in the known method, the recording of operating parameters directly at these points in time is not performed, which leads to an additional decrease in the information content of parameter registration.

In addition, in the known method does not provide for duplication of records of the parameters of the lifting machine. This leads to low reliability of both registration and the safety of recorded information. In particular, in severe accidents of the lifting machine, the destruction of the electronic unit in which the parameters are recorded leads to a complete loss of all recorded data and to the impossibility of an objective analysis (investigation) of the causes of this accident.

The disadvantage of this method, which leads to a decrease in the reliability of registration, can also include the possibility of inadvertently or intentionally blocking the registration (recording) of parameters by turning off the total supply voltage of the parameter logger (or a security system with a built-in parameter logger).

The technical result, to which the proposed technical solution is directed, is to increase the information content, reliability and safety of the record of the parameters of the lifting machine at the time of its accidents or failures of its mechanisms and components and in case of an unintentional or intentional disconnection of the general supply voltage of the parameter logger.

The specified technical result is achieved due to the fact that in the method of recording the parameters of the hoisting machine by obtaining data on analog and discrete parameters characterizing the load and the spatial position of the hoisting machine, their primary processing and subsequent repeated, in particular periodic, writing to the memory with readability , if necessary, additionally detect a change in at least one parameter of the lifting machine or the control action driver (crane) and immediately after this change, regardless of the end of the current period, recording is carried out parameters of hoisting machines. This result is also achieved due to the fact that after detecting a change in at least one discrete parameter of the lifting machine or the control action of the driver (crane operator) during a predetermined time interval, a predetermined (reduced) value of the parameter recording period is set, and the rate of change is additionally determined by at least one analog parameter of the lifting machine, after which the period of recording parameters is set in such a way that more The lower value of the period corresponds to the speed value. The value of this recording period can be set, in particular, inversely proportional to the rate of change of the parameter.

In order to obtain the necessary technical result in case of detecting changes in two or more analog parameters of the hoisting machine, the rate of change of these parameters is additionally determined, the possible values of the recording periods of each parameter are determined so that a higher value of the rate of change of each parameter corresponds to a lower value of the possible period of its recording, after which the actual value of the period of recording the parameters of the lifting machine is set by choosing the smallest value The period from the specified specific possible periods. If at the same time changes in some discrete parameter of the lifting machine or the control action of the driver (crane operator) are additionally detected, then during the predefined time interval the predefined (reduced) value of the parameter recording period is compared with the indicated possible values of the periods, after which the actual value of the recording period the parameters of the lifting machine are set by choosing the smallest value from all the compared periods.

In addition, the specified technical result is achieved due to the fact that in the method of recording the parameters of the lifting machine by obtaining data on analog and discrete parameters characterizing the load and spatial position of the lifting machine, their primary processing and subsequent repeated, in particular periodic, recording in the storage device with the possibility of reading, if necessary, this recording is carried out in the storage device in at least two components of the registrar parameter s or security systems, in at least one of which (in the peripheral recording device or in the parameter sensor of the lifting machine) receive this data. In this case, the recording of parameters in various components of the parameter logger or security system can be performed with full or partial duplication of this record, for which the data to be recorded with duplication is transmitted via a wired or wireless communication line from one component of the parameter logger or security system to another component, where they are recorded.

To achieve the desired technical result when recording parameters in various components of the parameter recorder or security system, common time signals can be used, which are transmitted via a common wired or wireless communication line and recorded together with the parameters of the lifting machine. To determine the actual recording time in any component part of the parameter recorder or the security system in which data about this parameter is obtained, the values of the periods of this record can be additionally recorded simultaneously with the parameter values in this component.

The necessary technical result is also achieved due to the fact that the parameter is written to the storage device in any peripheral recording device or sensor of this parameter of the lifting machine in an autonomous mode using an autonomous power source of this peripheral device or sensor. Moreover, the results of this recording are additionally read and transmitted to another component of the parameter recorder or security system, where it is recorded in its storage device.

Thanks to these distinctive features in the proposed technical solution provides:

- operational recording of the parameters of the lifting machine at the time of their change, regardless of the previously set recording period;

- automatic change of the recording period depending on the rate of change of any parameter;

- automatic reduction of the recording period during a given time interval after changing any analog, discrete parameter or control action of the driver (crane operator);

- recording parameters simultaneously in several different components of the parameter logger (or a security system with a built-in parameter logger), including directly in peripheral devices (in the sensors of the parameters of the lifting machine);

- recording (recording) of the most important parameters of the lifting machine in the sensors in stand-alone mode, regardless of the presence of the total supply voltage of the parameter logger;

- full or partial duplication of the recording of the same parameters of the lifting machine in various components of the parameter logger;

- duplication of the recording of common time signals when recording the parameters of the lifting machine in various components of the parameter logger, as well as recording the values of the recording periods of these parameters.

This leads to an increase in the information content and reliability of the recording of the parameters of the load-lifting machine at the time of its accidents or failures of its mechanisms and components, to an increase in the safety of these records, including during severe accidents of the load-lifting machine, leading to the destruction of certain components of the parameter recorder or safety system, in which it is built-in, as well as in the event of an unintentional or intentional disconnection of the total supply voltage of the parameter logger. Therefore, these distinguishing features of the claimed technical solution are in direct causal relationship with the achieved technical result.

These distinctive features in the devices for recording parameters of hoisting machines have not been used previously. It is also unknown the use of these features in other areas of technology to obtain the specified technical result.

In the drawing, as an example of the implementation of the proposed technical solution, a functional diagram of the safety system of a lifting machine with a built-in recorder of its operation parameters is presented.

The safety system of the hoisting machine contains N analog and discrete sensors of the parameters of the hoisting machine 1.1 ... 1.N, which may include sensors of the control actions of the driver (crane operator) located on any control elements (levers) of the hoisting machine.

Sensors 1.1 ... 1.N can also be called peripheral parameter registration devices, modules, controllers, etc., which is not of fundamental importance. These include, in particular, load cell load sensors (weight of the load to be lifted, force in the ropes or pressure in the power cylinders), lift angle (tilt) and length of the boom, rotation angle of the load lifting machine (azimuth), wind speed, load lifting limit body, proximity to the power line and other sensors. The required set of sensors is determined by the design of the specific lifting machine, on which the parameter recorder or safety system is installed, the regulatory requirements for its safe operation and is not of fundamental importance from the point of view of the implementation of the proposed technical solution.

In addition to sensors 1.1 ... 1.N, a security system with an integrated parameter recorder contains a central unit 2. This unit is connected to the control system of machine 3 and performs the functions of a master device both when recording parameters and protecting the load-lifting machine from overload and damage. The central unit 2 may also be referred to as a central or master controller, a data processing unit, a control or indication unit, etc., which is also not critical.

Information exchange between safety system components (modules, blocks, sensors, controllers, etc.) 1.1 ... 1.N and 2 can be carried out via wired communication lines, for example, through a single-wire or two-wire multiplex communication line using CAN protocols, LIN, RS-232C, RS-485, etc., via separate wires or wireless communication lines using, in particular, Wi-Fi, Bluetooth or ZigBee protocols.

In the latter case, all the components of the security system contain microcontrollers 4 and the connected radio modules 5.

Measurement of analog and discrete parameters of the lifting machine is carried out using primary transducers 6, made, in particular, in the form of potentiometers, accelerometer-inclinometers, strain gauge bridges, limit switches, etc. The solution of the problems of amplification, calibration, lianerization, normalization and thermal compensation of the output signals of the analog primary converters 6 can be assigned to the microcontroller 4. In this case, it is performed with the corresponding built-in analog circuits (includes the necessary digital-to-analog converters, operational amplifiers, comparators, etc. .).

Separate primary transducers 6 may not be part of the sensors 1.1 ... 1.N. In this case, each of them is performed in the form of separate structurally complete units (devices, blocks, modules, etc.) and is connected to the corresponding sensor 1.1 ... 1.N.

To record the parameters of the lifting machine and, if necessary, the program of operation of the microcontroller 4, each component of the security system 1.1 ... 1.N and block 2 contains a non-volatile memory unit 7, made, for example, in the form of flash memory chips.

The parameters of the parameters of the lifting machine 1.1 ... 1.N can have an autonomous power supply 8, for example a lithium battery. The power supply of the main nodes of the central unit 2, which has increased power consumption in connection with the formation of power control signals of the hoisting machine by this unit, is provided from the onboard network of the hoisting machine.

To implement the functions of registering parameters and protecting the lifting machine, the central unit 2 additionally contains a control panel 9 (a set of button keys), a real-time clock 10 (a specialized chip with an autonomous, for example lithium, power supply), an indication unit 11 (a set of LEDs and liquid crystal indicators) ), an input / output device 12 and an executive unit 13.

Information input / output device 12, designed to interface the microcontroller 4 with an external data logger of a parameter logger (not shown conventionally in the drawing), is made in the form of standard interface microcircuits depending on the wired or wireless interface of an external data reader - RS-232C, RS-485, IrDA, CAN, LIN, Wi-Fi, Bluetooth, ZigBee, etc.

The Executive unit 13 is made in the form of a set of protected power electronic keys and power electromagnetic relays connected to the control system of the lifting machine 3 - to its electro-hydraulic valves or distributors, contactor windings, etc. The Executive unit 13 can be connected both to the microcontroller 4, and to the input / output device information 12 (the drawing conventionally shows only the first connection option).

Let us explain the essence of the proposed method by the example of the operation of the safety system of a lifting machine with an integrated parameter recorder.

Before starting the operation of the lifting machine, the values of the loads allowed for the various spatial positions of its boom or load-bearing member are recorded in the memory of the microcontroller 4 or in the memory unit 7 of the central unit 2 (before the start of the operation of the lifting machine). These values are determined, as a rule, by calculation when designing a lifting machine and are presented in the form of its cargo characteristics.

Additionally, the driver (operator, crane operator) of the lifting machine, using the controls located on the console 9, enters the microcontroller 4 parameters that determine the operating modes of the lifting machine (position of the sliding supports, the degree of storage of the hoisting block, the presence, length and angle of inclination of the jib, etc. e.) and the zone of permissible provisions of lifting (boom) equipment for coordinate protection. The entered parameters are also stored in the memory unit 7 or in the memory of the microcontroller 4 of the central unit 2.

During the operation of the lifting machine, the driver acts on the control levers, for example, by hydraulic distributors of the hydraulic drives of the machine mechanisms, providing lifting operations - raising and lowering the boom, lifting and lowering the load with a winch, turning the platform of the lifting machine, etc.

In this case, the microcontroller 4 of the central unit 2 operates according to the program recorded in its built-in program memory or in the memory unit 7, and through the radio module 5 exchanges information with the sensors 1.1 ... 1.N via the radio channel.

When implementing this exchange, the standard procedures for generating, receiving and transmitting serial digital signals, assigning, transmitting and receiving an identifier (address) for each component of the system, generating and verifying a checksum, etc., described in the specification for the standard exchange protocol used, are used.

Instead of a radio channel, a common multiplex wired communication line can be used. In this case, the radio modules 5 are replaced by controllers or drivers of a multiplex communication line, for example, by CAN or LIN interface controllers. Otherwise, the process of exchanging information between the constituent parts of the system does not change.

After receiving information (data) from the sensors 1.1 ... 1.N about the analog and discrete parameters of the lifting machine and, if necessary, about the control actions of the driver, the microcontroller 4 of the central unit 2 determines the current load and the actual position of its lifting (boom) equipment. Then this microcontroller 4 compares the current position of the boom or load-gripping body with threshold levels set by the operator (crane operator) when entering the coordinate protection parameters, as well as compares the current load with the stored permissible load for the current spatial position of the boom or load-gripping body. Further, depending on the results of this comparison, i.e. when the boom approaches the boundaries of the permitted area of work for coordinate protection or in case of exceeding the maximum permissible load, the microcontroller 4 generates warning signals received by the display unit 11, and the shutdown signal of the currently operating actuator of the lifting machine, which through the executive unit 13 is fed to electro-hydraulic valves or contactors of the control system of the lifting machine 3, blocking this movement of the lifting machine. Due to this, coordinate protection and protection of the load-lifting machine against overload are carried out.

The microcontroller 4 of each sensor 1.1 ... 1.N, working according to the program developed during the design of the security system or parameter recorder and previously recorded in its memory or in the memory unit 7, performs the initial processing (amplification, calibration, lanerization, normalization and thermal compensation) and conversion of signals received from the primary converters 6, as well as control of discrete signals, information about which is also obtained with the help of primary converters 6, in order to prepare the necessary operational data information about the operation of the lifting machine for recording in the memory unit 7 (in non-volatile memory of the parameter logger). These include, in particular, data on the load on the load-gripping body, on the coordinates of the load relative to the load-lifting machine, on the control actions of the driver (crane operator), on the condition and operability of the nodes and mechanisms of the load-lifting machine, on the operation of the restrictions (locks) of individual movements of the load-lifting machine and other indicators provided by the technical requirements for the parameter logger.

The indicated parameters by the microcontroller 4 of each sensor 1.1 ... 1.N are written to the memory blocks 7 of these sensors in the volume in which the parameters of the lifting machine are controlled by the primary converters 6 included in this particular sensor (or connected to this sensor specifically). At the same time, these data are transmitted via radio modules 5 to the central unit 2 (or to another sensor 1.1 ... 1.N, which performs the function of collecting all recorded data), where they are recorded in its memory unit 7. After data is transmitted to the central unit 2 (or another sensor 1.1 ... 1.N) this data can be fully or partially stored in the memory blocks 7 of those sensors 1.1 ... 1.N in which they were received. This ensures redundant recording of data from the parameter logger in various components of the security system.

In addition, the microcontroller 4 of the central unit 2, working according to the program according to well-known algorithms, determines the basic information about the operation of the lifting machine or its mechanisms for a certain period of its operation, for example, from the moment the security system (parameter logger) was installed on it. These include the total operating time of the lifting machine, the total number of duty cycles, the total mass of the lifted loads and other indicators - parameters provided by the technical requirements for the parameter registrar. These data are recorded in the memory unit 7 of the central unit 2 and can additionally be transmitted using a radio module 5 to any sensor 1.1 ... 1.N for subsequent recording in its memory unit 7 in order to reserve this data.

After the security system is turned on for the first time, the microcontroller 4 of the central unit 2 sends, through the radio modules 5, a request command to read the information recorded in the memory blocks 7 of the sensors 1.1 ... 1.N, receives this information, compares it with similar records in its memory unit 7 and, in the event of a discrepancy, it writes or overwrites this data from the memory blocks 7 of the sensors 1.1 ... 1.N to its memory block 7. Due to this, the central block 2 performs the functions of collecting data on the parameters of the lifting machine recorded in various s constituent parts of the security system, ie, It is a kind of accumulator data logger parameters.

Any of the indicated functions of the central unit (in terms of registering the parameters of the lifting machine) can be assigned to any of the sensors 1.1 ... 1.N or duplicated in this sensor. Moreover, in the case when this sensor further comprises an input / output device similar in purpose to the input / output device 12 of the central unit 2, a complete reservation of the recorded data on the parameters of the lifting machine is achieved. In particular, it is possible to read these data after the complete destruction of any component of the security system (parameter logger), including the central unit 2, for example, in severe accidents of a lifting machine.

The information content of the registration of the parameters of the lifting machine to a decisive degree depends on the choice of the moments of recording these parameters by microcontrollers 4 in the memory blocks 7.

In the proposed method, the determination of these time points is carried out using the interrupt system built into the microcontrollers 4, the real-time clock 10, and timers built into the microcontrollers 4.

During normal operation of the system, the signals of the real-time clock 10 are used for the overall synchronization of the system and are transmitted to all sensors 1.1 ... 1.N and for backing up the data of the parameter logger, as necessary, are recorded in the memory blocks of 7 sensors in the form of the current time of the day and calendar date. These signals also determine the maximum possible period of recording the parameters of the Tmah lifting machine, set at a predetermined level (for example, 20 s) and pre-recorded, for example, in the memory of all microcontrollers 4. The Tmach period can also be set by the built-in timer of the microcontroller 4 of each sensor 1.1 .. .1.N.

In the absence of movement of the nodes and mechanisms of the lifting machine and the absence of load on its lifting body, which is detected by microcontrollers 4 sensors 1.1 ... 1.N by monitoring and correspondingly processing the output signals of the primary converters 6, the microcontrollers 4 record the current values of the parameters of the lifting machine in memory blocks 7 with the indicated maximum possible period Tmax, which is selected from the considerations of minimizing the memory volumes of blocks 7 and sufficient information content registration param trov lifting machine when it is stationary and unloaded.

If there is any change in any discrete or analog parameter of the lifting machine (signal from limit switches or from analog primary converters) or any control action of the driver (crane operator), then microcontroller 4 detects this change, in particular, by monitoring the signal level on its input or by differentiating an analog signal. Next, the microcontroller 4 immediately after this change and regardless of the end time of the current period (in this case, Tmax), using the interrupt system (that is, interrupting the execution of the current program), writes the parameters of the lifting machine to the memory unit 7. After recording the interrupt, the microcontroller 4, using the signals of the real-time clock 10 or the timer built into this microcontroller, sets the minimum possible (reduced compared to Tmax) recording period of the parameters of the lifting machine Tmin.

The value of the period Tmin is selected from the condition of sufficient information content to record the parameters of the lifting machine with their most dynamic changes and previously (before the start of the lifting machine) is recorded in the memory of microcontrollers 4.

Parameters with a period Tmin are recorded for a predetermined time interval to, corresponding to the duration of the transient process during start-up and braking of various nodes and mechanisms of a lifting machine and also previously recorded in the memory of microcontrollers 4. Moreover, different nodes and mechanisms of a lifting machine can be set to the duration of the time interval to.

As a result of this, after the load-lifting machine is in a stationary and unloaded state, any change in any of its parameters leads to an immediate recording of the parameters both at the time of this change and with an increased frequency (with a minimum period Tmin) after this change during the entire time to transition process, which gives high information content of parameter registration in transient conditions (during start-ups of nodes and mechanisms of a lifting machine), as well as in various unforeseen situations, including in emergency situations x.

In particular, if the load on the load-lifting machine is still small, but begins to increase rapidly, then the parameters are immediately recorded at the moment this increase is detected, as well as recording with a reduced period immediately after the increase is detected. Thanks to this, all unforeseen and rapidly developing situations on a lifting machine are effectively recorded, including emergency ones.

After the time interval to expires, the microcontroller 4 of each of the sensors 1.1 ... 1.N determines the rate of change of each parameter and sets the recording period of the parameters T so that a smaller value of the period corresponds to a higher speed value. In particular, it sets the value of the indicated recording period T in the range from Tmax to Tmin inversely proportional to the rate of change of the parameter, varying from 0 to Vmax (Vmax is the maximum possible rate of change of the parameter during normal operation of the lifting machine). The Vmax values for each analog parameter are also pre-recorded in the memory of microcontrollers 4. In this case, if several analog parameters are changed simultaneously, different values of the period T can be obtained (possible values of the recording periods T1, T2, etc., determined for each analog parameter) . In this case, the microcontroller 4 sets the actual value of the period of recording the parameters of the lifting machine by selecting the smallest period value from the specified certain possible periods.

Due to this, in particular, the automatic setting of the minimum period is ensured and, accordingly, the maximum information content of parameter recording in emergency situations is achieved, since the rapid change of any parameter of the lifting machine either precedes any accident or occurs during this accident and immediately after it.

Registration of parameters in all sensors 1.1 ... 1.N is carried out in a similar way (with differences due to different sets of primary transducers 6 of each sensor). However, there are various options for implementing the proposed method. In particular, after immediately recording the parameters of the lifting machine with any change in any of its parameters, a subsequent recording period can be set in accordance with the rate of change of the analog parameters (i.e., with to = 0). It is also possible to additionally change the recording period of the parameters depending not only on the speed, but also on the value of a parameter, for example, a decrease in the recording period according to some algorithm with an increase in the lifting height of the load, with an increase in the load on the load gripping body, etc. The nature of this change depends on the design features and operating conditions of the hoisting machine. In particular, a reduction in the period of recording parameters can be realized with an increase in any parameter according to an algorithm similar to the described algorithm for changing the recording period depending on the rate of change of any parameter. In any case, in accordance with the proposed method, if as a result of determining the periods of recording parameters under various conditions different values of the periods are obtained, the actual value of the period must be set as the smallest of all possible.

If you unintentionally or intentionally cut off the power supply or connecting cables in the described security system, the registration of parameters in the central unit 2 is terminated. But the registration of all significant parameters continues to be carried out directly in the sensors 1.1 ... 1.N, which, due to the presence of an autonomous power supply 8 in them, continue to work offline and write parameters to their memory blocks 7. In this case, information is exchanged between the components of the system are not produced and the system only works in the registration mode of the parameters of the lifting machine.

If the real-time clock 10 is located only in the central unit 2, then in order to achieve the necessary information content and reliability of parameter registration, it is necessary to link the moments of parameter recording to real time.

To do this, in the memory block 7 of each sensor 1.1 ... 1.N, the microcontroller 7 records not only the values of the parameters of the lifting machine, but also the values of the periods of this record - data that allows you to determine the time intervals between all records.

In this case, after restoring the exchange of information with the central unit 2 (restoring its supply voltage) and transmitting to it data on the values of the operating parameters and the values of the periods of their recording from the sensors 1.1 ... 1.N, the central unit 2, having recorded in its memory unit 7 information from the real-time clock 10 about the time of the previous disconnection of the supply voltage (communication failure with the sensors 1.1 ... 1.N), as well as information about all parameter records in the sensors 1.1 ... 1.N and information about the periods of these records in sensors, restores deis Real time value of each record. To obtain the real time of each recording of data received from any sensor 1.1 ... 1.N, it is enough for the microcontroller 4 of the central unit 2 to sequentially add the duration of the time interval between recording with a known real time and subsequent recording to the power off time.

After receiving all the information from the sensors 1.1 ... 1.N and restoring the real time of each record in the sensors, the central unit 2, working according to the program according to well-known algorithms, restores the basic information about the operation of the lifting machine or its undetectable during the disconnected state of the central unit 2 mechanisms for this period of its operation and summarizes them with previously determined information on the total operating time of the lifting machine, the total number of duty cycles, the total mass of the lifted loads and other parameters mi provided by the technical requirements for the parameter logger.

If it is necessary to read the recorded data of the parameter logger, an external reader (or an external mobile storage medium) is connected to the central unit 2 (or to any sensor 1.1 ... 1.N, which acts as the central unit of the parameter logger). The microcontroller 4, in accordance with the program of its work, detects the fact of connecting an external reader to the input / output device 12 and according to the established standard procedure performs overwriting (copying) of data from the memory unit 7 to an external reader. Next, the external reader is disconnected from the central unit 2 and connected to the computer for transferring (rewriting) data from the memory of the external reader to this computer for secondary processing, analysis and printing of the necessary protocols.

The invention provides an increase in the information content, reliability and safety of the recorded values of the parameters of the lifting machine, including at the time of its accidents or failures of its mechanisms and components and in case of an unintentional or intentional shutdown of the total supply voltage of the parameter recorder. This is achieved by recording the parameters at the time of their change; automatic change of the recording period depending on the rate of change of any parameter; reducing the recording period during a given time interval after this change; recording parameters simultaneously in several different components of the recorder, including offline recording of parameters directly in the sensors, regardless of the presence of a common voltage of the recorder; full or partial duplication of the recording of the same parameters of the lifting machine and the real-time signals in various components of the parameter logger; as well as storing in the sensor memory the values of the periods of recording the parameters of the lifting machine.

Information sources

1. SU 998309, IPC 3 В 66 С 13/16, 02.23.1983.

2. RU 2116240 C1, IPC 6 В 66 С 23/90, 07.27.1998.

3. RU 7097 U1, IPC 6 В 66 С 23/90, July 16, 1998.

4. Kaminsky L.S. Improving the safety of jib cranes based on registration and analysis of their operating parameters. / Abstract. diss. Cand. tech. sciences. - Novocherkassk: NPI, 2001, 23 p.

Claims (10)

1. The method of recording the parameters of the lifting machine by obtaining data on the analog and discrete operating parameters of the lifting machine, characterizing its load and the spatial position of the boom or load gripping device, their primary processing and subsequent repeated, in particular periodic, writing to the storage device with the possibility of reading in case the need, as well as reducing the period of this recording with increasing load of the lifting machine, characterized in that it further reveals changes the control action of the driver or at least one operating parameter of the load-lifting machine characterizing the spatial position of its boom or load-gripping member, and after this change during a given time interval, a reduced pre-set value of the parameter recording period is set or this period is set depending on the rate of change of which or an analog parameter in such a way that a larger value of the speed corresponds to a smaller value of the period, and if Under different conditions, different values of the periods of recording parameters will be obtained, then the actual value of the period of recording is set as the smallest of these values. 2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that the recording of parameters with a specified period is carried out immediately after detecting a change in the operating parameter of the lifting machine or the control action of the driver, regardless of the end time of the current period. 3. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that the value of the recording period of the parameters is set inversely proportional to the rate of change or the value of the analog parameter. 4. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that the predetermined values of the duration of the time interval and the reduced period of recording parameters are selected from the condition of sufficient information content of the recording parameters of the lifting machine with their most dynamic change. 5. The method of recording the parameters of the lifting machine by obtaining data on the analog and discrete operating parameters of the lifting machine, characterizing its load and spatial position, their primary processing and subsequent repeated, in particular periodic, writing to the storage device with the ability to read if necessary, characterized in that the specified recording of parameters is carried out in storage devices in at least two components of the parameter logger or security system STI recorder with a built-parameters, of which at least one component of a peripheral device or security parameters recorder system with integrated recorder parameters referred sensor in which these parameters are obtained. 6. The method according to claim 5, characterized in that said parameter recording is carried out with full or partial duplication in various indicated components, for which the data to be recorded with duplication is transmitted via a wired or wireless communication line from one component of the parameter recorder or security systems to another component, where they are recorded. 7. The method according to claim 5 or 6, characterized in that, with said parameter record, at least in two components of the parameter recorder or security system, the general time signals of this record are used, transmitted over a wired or wireless communication line, with which these components among themselves, and record these time signals together with the operating parameters of the lifting machine. 8. The method according to claim 5, characterized in that, with the indicated periodic recording of the operation parameter of the lifting machine in the component part of the parameter recorder or security system in which data about this parameter is obtained, the period value of this record is additionally written in this component, which after reading recorded data is used as time intervals in determining the actual recording time. 9. The method according to claim 5 or 8, characterized in that the specified parameter recording in the storage device in at least one peripheral recording device or sensor of this parameter of the lifting machine is carried out offline using an autonomous power source of this peripheral device or sensor . 10. The method according to claim 9, characterized in that the results of the specified parameter record are additionally read and transferred to another component of the parameter logger or security system, where it is recorded in its storage device.