RU2280630C1 - Method of mixing of the components of the explosive compositions - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: chemical industry; methods of mixing of the components of the explosive compositions with application of the continuous mixer.

SUBSTANCE: the invention is pertaining to the field of chemical industry, in particular, to the method of mixing of the components of the explosive compositions with application of the continuous mixer. The invention presents the method of mixing of the components of the explosive compositions, which provides for preparation of the powdery oxidizing agent in the continuous mixer, unloading into the containers with division of each mixture into the countable number of the equal mass rations and with fixation of the sequence number of each container within the limits of mixture, the pneumatic transportation of the powdery oxidizing agent into the unloader for mixing of the components of the explosive composition with the group of the containers by the pairs considering their sequence number is given at the unloading. The invention is intended for development of the method of mixing of the components of the explosive composition containing the multi-fractional, polydispersive powdery oxidizing agent with provision of the initial granulometric composition of the oxidizing agent after its transportation by the pneumatic pipeline into the mixing equipment.

EFFECT: the invention ensures development of the method of mixing of the components of the explosive composition containing the multi-fractional, polydispersive powdery oxidizing agent and provision of the initial granulometric composition of the oxidizing agent after its transportation by the pneumatic pipeline into the mixing equipment.

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Description

The present invention relates to processes for the preparation of explosive compositions using a continuous mixer, and specifically to a technology for mixing components of an explosive composition based on liquid-viscous components and a powdery oxidizing agent using a continuous mixer.

A known method of manufacturing a charge of mixed solid fuel according to US patent No. 3296043, a device for mixing components of an explosive composition according to the patent of the Russian Federation 2132837, adopted for analogues. The application of these methods involves the continuous dosing of components into the mixer, their mixing, evacuation of the fuel mixture and molding the product by injection molding. The method of pneumatic transportation of the powdery oxidizing agent with additives according to the RF patent No. 2202507, including unloading the powdery oxidizing agent with additives from the container to the loader, transporting it through the pipeline with air, and deposition of the explosive mixture in the building unloading device, is also adopted as an analogue.

The closest in technical essence and the achieved technical result to the claimed method is a method of manufacturing a charge of mixed solid rocket fuel according to the patent of the Russian Federation No. 2198864 of 02.20.2003 (IPC C 06 V 21/00), adopted by the authors as a prototype. The specified method includes the preparation of a powdery oxidizing agent, liquid-viscous components, unloading the powdery oxidizing agent into containers, pneumatic transportation of the named oxidizing agent to the unloader of the mixing building, dosing the powdery oxidizing agent, liquid-viscous components in three streams and mixing them in a cascade of continuous mixers.

The manufacture of a charge according to the specified method significantly improves its quality by increasing the accuracy of the dosing of the components by smoothing the pulsations of the flows at the inlet to the mixer and improving the uniformity of the distribution of components when they are mixed in a cascade of three continuous mixers. Pneumatic transportation of the powdered oxidizing agent to the unloader of the mixing building eliminates moisture, entrainment of components, and changes in particle size distribution when working with the powdered oxidizing agent, which is not prone to delamination.

The disadvantages of the known method of manufacturing a charge of mixed solid rocket fuel, adopted for the prototype, is that it does not exclude, as with the use of analogue methods, violations at the entrance to the mixing equipment of the initial (predetermined) particle size distribution of the polydisperse, multifraction powder oxidizer as a result of separation it in the process of unloading into the container and does not thereby exclude violation of the output characteristics of the composition.

An object of the present invention is to provide a method for mixing the components of explosive compositions, ensuring the preservation of the initial particle size distribution of the powder oxidizer after transporting it by pneumatic transport to the unloader of the building mixing the components before being fed to the continuous mixer. The specified technical result in the implementation of the invention is achieved by the fact that in the known method of mixing the components of explosive compositions, including the preparation of a powdery oxidizing agent, liquid-viscous components, unloading the powdery oxidizing agent into containers, pneumatically transporting the said oxidizing agent to the unloader of the building for mixing explosive compositions, dosing the powdery oxidizing agent, liquid-viscous components and mixing them in a cascade of continuous mixers, a feature of concluding The reason is that the powder oxidizer is packaged after unloading after preparation, dividing each bag into a countable number of equal mass portions and fixing the serial number of the container within each bag, pneumatic transportation of the oxidizing agent is carried out, grouping the containers in pairs, taking into account their ordinal numbers during unloading, and first, one after the other, transporting a powdery oxidizing agent from the first and last container, then transporting one after another from the second and penultimate containers and thus lead the process until the transportation of the entire bags of powdery oxidizing agent is completed.

To ensure the required rheological, physical and mechanical properties, to ensure maximum particle packing density in the manufacture of explosive compositions, a powdery oxidizing agent is used in the form of a mixture of several fractions and special additives are introduced in the process of mixing them in a small amount. An important requirement for ensuring the reproducibility of the basic properties of the explosive composition in the continuous process of mixing the components is to maintain unchanged the initial (specified when mixing the fractions) particle size distribution of the powdered oxidizer at the entrance to the mixing equipment. When unloading the prepared powdery oxidizing agent into a container, due to its high porosity and low coefficient of friction between particles, separation (separation) of small particles from large particles occurs. In the beginning, large particles are predominantly discharged. Small particles due to adhesion are retained on the walls and working bodies of the apparatus and are discharged mainly with the last servings. Experience has shown that the initial granulometric composition of the powdery oxidizer is restored by averaging the portion from the beginning of the discharge with the same weight portion from the end of the discharge. Moreover, the smaller the mass value of the averaged portions, the granulometric composition of the oxidizing agent after averaging is closer to the original. For the proposed method of mixing the components of explosive compositions, the optimal serving weight for packaging is 200-300 kg, which is determined by the feature of the technological process associated with the use of continuous mixers and pneumatic conveying for supplying a powdery oxidizing agent to the building for mixing the components of explosive compositions. It is proposed to average the packaged portions of the powdered oxidizer in containers during pneumatic transportation and sedimentation of particles in the unloader of the building for mixing the components of explosive compositions. Why pneumatic transportation is carried out by grouping the containers in pairs, taking into account their serial number during unloading, whereby first the powder oxidizer is transported one after the other from the first and last containers, then they are transported one after another from the second and last but one containers and thus the process is carried out until the transportation of the entire bags of powdered oxidizing agent.

The presence in the described method of mixing the components of explosive compositions of the totality of actions, the order of their execution in time and the conditions providing the ability to perform these actions, allows, in particular, due to:

- packaging of the powdery oxidizing agent into a countable number of containers with equal portions in mass - to ensure that the containers are grouped in pairs and, when averaging the dosage portions of the oxidizing agent from two containers, maximize approximation to the initial particle size distribution;

- pneumatic transportation of the powdery oxidizing agent, grouping the containers in pairs, one after another, - to average the portions of the oxidizing agent from the two containers during settling in the unloader;

- transportation of the powdery oxidizing agent first from the first and last containers, then from the second and last but one containers and thus until the process of transporting the entire bags is completed - restore the initial granulometric composition of the powdery oxidizing agent at the inlet to the mixer and exclude the violation of the output characteristics of explosive compositions.

The drawing shows a diagram of the mixing of components of explosive compositions according to the proposed method. The numbers in the diagram indicate: batch mixer 1, containers 2, unloader 3, lock gate 4, dispenser 5, separator 6, transport auger 7, mixer set-top box 8, dispensers 9, 10, pre-mixer 11, vacuum mixer 12.

The mixing of components of explosive compositions according to the proposed method is as follows.

The homogeneous mixture of the powdered oxidizing agent obtained after mixing the individual fractions from the batch mixer 1 is unloaded into containers 2, based on the calculation of the countable number of containers and the same mass of portions of the powdered oxidizing agent in each container within 200-300 kg. The container numbers 2 are fixed in the order of discharge of the powdery oxidizing agent. Containers 2 are transported to the building mixing components of explosive compositions. Before pneumatic conveying of the powder oxidizing agent, the containers 2 are grouped in pairs, the first with the last, the second with the penultimate, and thus until the number of containers within the same bag is completed. First, a powdery oxidizer from the first and last containers 2 is transported one after another to the unloader 3. During transportation, as a result of averaging in the unloading device 3, the initial particle size distribution of the powdery oxidizer is restored. After the unloader 3, the powdery oxidizer with a lock gate 4 is fed into the dispenser 5, dosed continuously through the separator 6 and the transport screw 7 into the mixer set-top box 8. In the mixer set-top box 8, simultaneously supplying the powder oxidizer, with batchers 9, 10, a binder mixture and a mixture are also fed hardener. Component streams are continuously mixed in a cascade of three sequentially installed continuous mixers 8, 11, 12. As the powdered oxidizing agent is consumed, the powdered oxidizing agent is transported one after another from the second and last but one containers to the unloader 3 and then the process of mixing the components of the explosive compositions is carried out until the entire bags of the powdered oxidizing agent are transported to the unloading unit 3.

The application of the described method for mixing the components of explosive compositions allows you to provide the initial particle size distribution of the powder oxidizer at the entrance to the mixing equipment and the required basic properties of explosive compositions.

These advantages are confirmed by the manufacture of the described method of experimental batches of charges at the plant them. S.M. Kirova.

Claims (1)

A method of mixing components of explosive compositions, including the preparation of a powdery oxidizing agent in a batch mixer, unloading it into containers, pneumatic transportation to an unloader for mixing explosive compositions, dosing a powdery oxidizing agent, liquid-viscous components and mixing them in a cascade of continuous mixers, characterized in that the powdery oxidizing agent when unloading into a container after preparation, they are packaged, dividing each bag into a countable amount of one of the mass of portions and fixing the serial number of the container within each bag, the oxidizer is pneumatically transported by grouping the containers in pairs, taking into account their serial number when unloading, and first the powdery oxidizer is transported one after the other from the first and last containers, then transported one after the other one of the second and penultimate containers and thus conduct the process until the transportation of the entire bags of powdered oxidizer is completed.