RU2280184C1 - Gas-turbine engine - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: mechanical engineering; gas-turbine engines.

SUBSTANCE: proposed gas-turbine engine contains housing with fitted-in shaft, compressor, combustion chamber, turbine and fuel preparation and delivery system. Housing is provided with cover sealing its inlet. Fuel preparation and delivery system is made in form of electrolyzer consisting of electrodes to which direct current is supplied and installed before compressor in sealed part of housing and of electrodes formed by delivery of direct current to guide and working blades of compressor. Pumping device of fuel preparation and delivery system provides delivery and atomizing of electrolyte (water solution of electrolyte) through nozzle furnished with cavitator, in electrolyzer where electrolysis of water takes place under action of direct current passing through electrolyte. Compressor is made for building vacuum in sealed part of housing and compression and delivery of gas mixture into combustion chamber.

EFFECT: reduced consumption of fuel, no adverse effect on environment.

2 cl, 1 dwg

Description

The invention relates to aircraft engine building, in particular to gas turbine engines, and can be widely used in engines for various purposes.

Known gas turbine engine / GTE / - a heat engine designed to convert the energy of combustion of fuel into kinetic energy of a jet stream and / or / into mechanical work on the engine shaft. The main elements of a gas turbine engine are a compressor, a combustion chamber, and a gas turbine. Oil is used for work / Borgest N.M. et al. A Brief Dictionary of Aviation Terms. - M .: Publishing House of the Moscow Aviation Institute, 1992 / [1].

A disadvantage of the known engine is the high operating costs of petroleum fuel and the high toxicity of exhaust gases.

Closest to the proposed invention is a gas turbine engine containing a housing and a shaft disposed therein, a compressor with guides and rotor blades, a combustion chamber with a flame tube and an ignition device, a turbine with nozzle and rotor blades, and a fuel preparation and supply system. For work, oil fuel is used. USSR No. 1329280, F 02 K 3/00, 04/30/1992 / [2].

The disadvantage of the closest analogue is the high operating costs of petroleum fuel and high toxicity of exhaust gases.

The technical problem solved by the invention is to increase the efficiency and environmental friendliness of a gas turbine engine in operation.

The problem is solved in that in a gas turbine engine containing a housing and a shaft disposed therein, a compressor with guides and rotor blades, a combustion chamber with a flame tube and an ignition device, a turbine with nozzle and rotor blades, and a fuel preparation and supply system. The housing is made with a lid sealing its entrance, for example, removably fixed. The fuel preparation and supply system is made in the form of an electrolyzer consisting of electrodes, with the possibility of supplying direct electric current, free passage of electrolyte through them, installed in front of the compressor - in the sealed part of the housing and electrodes formed by supplying direct electric current to the compressor guides and blades . Moreover, the pumping device and the nozzle of the fuel preparation and supply system are made for feeding and spraying the electrolyte / aqueous electrolyte solution /, for example, an aqueous solution of caustic potassium into the electrolyzer, where when direct current flows through the electrolyte it leads to electrolysis - decomposition of water into hydrogen and oxygen. In this case, the compressor is configured to create a vacuum in the sealed part of the housing, compress and supply the resulting gas mixture to the combustion chamber. In this case, the nozzle may have a cavitator made in the form of local narrowing of its channel.

The invention is shown in the drawing, where

shows a diagram of an engine that converts the energy of combustion of fuel into work on the shaft and / or / into the energy of a jet stream.

An example of the implementation of the proposed solution.

The gas turbine engine contains a housing 1 / cm. drawing / with a cover 2 sealing its entrance, removably mounted on bolts 3 and a shaft 4. The fuel preparation and supply system, made in the form of an electrolyzer 5, consisting of electrodes 6 and 7, with the possibility of direct current supply, free passage through electrolyte, for example, by performing them from a nickel mesh installed in front of the compressor in the sealed part of the housing and electrodes formed by supplying direct electric current to the guides 8 and 9 working blades the presser 10 along lines A and B. Moreover, the pumping device (not shown) and the nozzle 11 of the fuel preparation and supply system are made for feeding and spraying the electrolyte into the electrolyzer, and the nozzle may have a cavitator in the form of a local narrowing of its channel (not shown). The combustion chamber 12 with a flame tube and an ignition device 13. A turbine with nozzle 14 and working 15 blades.

The gas turbine engine operates as follows.

Before starting the engine, a direct electric current is supplied to the electrolyzer 5, consisting of electrodes 6 and 7 and from the guides 8 and working 9 of the compressor blades 10 along lines A and B. The work of the guides 8 and the working 9 of the compressor blades 10 in the sealed cover 2 of the housing 1 creates a vacuum. The pumping device / not shown /, for example, plunger, through the nozzle 11 with a cavitator in the form of a local narrowing of its channel / not shown /, under pressure, for example, 2 MPa delivers an electrolyte, for example, an aqueous solution of caustic potassium into the electrolyzer 5. In the nozzle cavitator 11, due to a drop in pressure and an increase in the speed of the electrolyte, it leads to dissociation and to the finest atomization of electrolyte droplets into the electrolysis cell 5. Then, the atomized electrolyte freely passes through, for example, from the nickel mesh made electrodes 6 and 7 and due to the flow of electrolyte ithout direct electric current causes electrolysis - decomposition of water into hydrogen and oxygen. Then this mixture, guides 8 and 9 working blades of the compressor 10 is compressed and, where due to the flow of direct electric current through the electrolyte leads to electrolysis of water. A small part of the electrolyte undergoes decomposition of water into oxygen and hydrogen, the rest of it is converted into water vapor. Due to the fact that the presence of hydrogen and oxygen in water vapor is insignificant, it is impossible to explode explosive gas in the compressor. The hydrogen-oxygen mixture obtained in the electrolyzer 5 and compressed in the compressor 10 enters the combustion chamber 12. The mixture entering the combustion chamber 12 is ignited using an ignition device 13. Further, the combustion products expand in the nozzle 14 and working 15 turbine blades, doing the job.

The proposed gas turbine engine in operation is highly economical, environmentally friendly and safe. It will be widely used as a power plant for various types of vehicles.

Claims (2)

1. A gas turbine engine comprising a housing and a shaft disposed therein, a compressor with guides and rotor blades, a combustion chamber with a flame tube and an ignition device, a turbine with nozzle and rotor blades and a fuel preparation and supply system, characterized in that the housing is made with a sealing its entrance is a lid, the fuel preparation and supply system is made in the form of an electrolyzer consisting of electrodes, with the possibility of direct current supply, free passage of electrolyte through them, installed before compressor in the sealed part of the housing, and electrodes formed by applying a constant electric current to the guide and working blades of the compressor, and the pumping device of the fuel preparation and supply system is configured to supply and spray electrolyte (aqueous electrolyte solution) through a nozzle made with cavitator, in electrolyzer, where the flow of direct current through the electrolyte leads to electrolysis of water, the compressor is configured to create a vacuum in the sealant bath of the housing, compressing and feeding the resulting gas mixture in the combustion chamber. 2. The engine according to claim 1, characterized in that the nozzle cavitator is made in the form of local narrowing of its channel.