RU2279410C1 - Method for purifying of sewage water and apparatus for effectuating the same - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: purification of domestic sewage water by combined biochemical process.

SUBSTANCE: method involves feeding sewage water to receiving reservoir; pumping sewage water into aeration tank and further into secondary settler; providing flowing of sewage water from secondary settler into outlet reservoir. In receiving reservoir sewage water is circulated while being exposed to active silt and small-sized bubble aeration of variable intensity. In aeration tank mixture of sewage water and active silt is caused to circulate in vertical-circular path around secondary settler immersed into water. Particles which come to water surface in upper part of secondary settler are caught and water and silt are separated. Method further involves filtering sewage water through mechanical filter comprising long bristles and subjecting water to purification followed by urging water to flow into receiving reservoir wherein water is exposed to additional ozone purification and disinfection; thereafter washing main air lifts and mechanical filter and simultaneously feeding ozonized water into receiving reservoir and aeration tank; providing discharge of clear water under pressure; automatically removing floating particles in upper part of secondary settler into receiving reservoir and excessive active silt from aeration tank zone maximally remote from aeration member into reservoir of active silt aerobic stabilizer from which water containing active silt flows back into aeration tank; removing settled silt after additional oxidation through lower slot of secondary settler and directing it back into active zone of aeration tank. Disinfection and pumping out processes are controlled using level controlling sensor in output reservoir and controller which is started by means of signal delivered from this sensor.

EFFECT: improved quality, reliable and intensified purification process due to employment of immersed secondary settler in aeration tank, provision for additional steps such as additional oxidation and disinfection, automatic washing of basic components, and also due to employment of control sensor in outlet reservoir.

3 cl, 1 dwg

Description

The claimed technical solution is intended for wastewater treatment, relates to the field of domestic wastewater treatment using the combined biochemical method and has a wide range of possibilities for use, in particular it can be used in detached houses and small villages.

A technical solution is known for the wastewater treatment method and the installation for implementing the method (PROTOTYPE, both for the method and for the device) according to Russian patent No. 2162062, IPC7 02 F 3/00, 3/12, published on January 20, 2001 in the bulletin No. 2. The prototype invention relates to a method for wastewater treatment using activated sludge in suspension and installation for implementing the method. According to the technical solution according to Russian patent No. 2162062, wastewater is fed into the equalization tank of the treatment plant and then pumped into the activation tank. After purification, water from the activation tank enters the secondary sump, and from it after sedimentation of the remaining sludge, it enters the outlet. When the level of wastewater in the equalization tank drops below the set minimum level, the activation process is automatically interrupted and then excess sludge is pumped from the activation tank. As a result of a subsequent increase in the level of wastewater in the equalization tank above the set level, sludge pumping is interrupted and the activation process resumes.

Common features of the claimed technical solution and prototype

for the device: the presence of a supply pipe, a receiving chamber, a sludge chamber and an aeration tank (activation tank), as well as inlet and outlet pipes, a secondary sump and an outlet;

for the method: the formation of sludge in the chamber of the aeration tank, the work of aerobic bacteria in the aeration tank, the supply of wastewater to a receiving tank, the pumping of purified water to the aeration tank, the further pumping of water into a secondary sump, the flow from the secondary sump of water to an outlet tank.

However, the design features of the aeration tank in the prototype and the corresponding features of the method of its application require an increased air flow rate for aeration of the aeration tank, since the saturation of water with air oxygen through a small surface of water is not used enough due to the placement of a secondary settler in the upper part of the aeration tank, which reduces the area of the upper surface of the water in the aeration tank, in the prototype there is no continuous aeration with variable intensity in the receiving tank and a floating grid for catching large decomposable sewage, which has bristles on the sides and, floating up and down, simultaneously cleans the walls of the receiving compartment from growths, and also there is no brush over the main airlift to trap hair and other fibrous inclusions, disinfection, additional oxidation of wastewater, their saturation with oxygen are not provided, washing of the main airlifts, accumulation and discharge of purified water, a level sensor that controls the phase switching is located in the receiving compartment.

The problem to which the invention is directed is the creation of a method and device for treating wastewater with an intensification of the purification process, improving the quality, reliability and ease of maintenance without significantly increasing the cost of the process and using the improvements of constructive components.

The problem of increasing water saturation with oxygen in the present method and device is solved by using a buried secondary sump in the aeration tank and organizing a circular motion of water by means of a special arrangement of the air element and a buried secondary sump, with the intensification of the process by increasing the bubbling and mixing of water on the free increased surface of the aeration tank in contact with air, the presence of a funnel-like movement of water downward and the addition of a small amount of ozonized water into the receiving tank and aeration tank when flushing pumps (airlifts), which in turn increases the activity of aerobic bacteria. Disinfection and post-oxidation are carried out by ozone, which is supplied to the water by means of an injector and a pump; this pump is also used to flush airlifts and pressure discharge of purified water. Improving reliability and facilitating maintenance through the use of a floating grill, a brush in front of the main airlift, flushing airlifts, removing floating particles from the secondary sump and placing a control level sensor in the outlet tank with purified water.

The technical result is the intensification, improving the quality and reliability of the cleaning process through the use of a recessed secondary sedimentation tank in the aeration tank device, organizing the process with the presence of a stage of additional oxidation and disinfection, automatic washing of the main elements, placement of the control sensor in the output tank.

The essence of the proposed technical solution lies in the fact that the method of wastewater treatment includes the supply of wastewater to a receiving tank, where pre-treatment and grinding of large fractions of organic particles or capture of non-decomposable inclusions received from wastewater, and further pumping of treated water into the aeration tank, in the chamber whose formation of sludge occurs through the work of aerobic bacteria, further pumping of water into the secondary sump, overflow from the secondary sump of water in the outlet cut water, and in the receiving tank, the water circulates, being affected by activated sludge and fine bubble aeration of variable intensity, and in the aeration tank there is a vertically circular circulation of a mixture of water and activated sludge around a secondary sump buried in water, then in the secondary sump pop-up particles are collected in the upper parts and separation of water and sludge, then there is the passage of water and additional filtration through a mechanical filter from a long bristle and from it the flow of purified water to the outlet cut a reservoir, where water that has been preliminarily biologically and mechanically purified is subjected to ozone treatment, decontamination, and then the main airlifts and a mechanical filter are washed from a long bristle with the simultaneous supply of ozonized water to a receiving tank and aeration tank to intensify biological processes and improve the sedimentation of suspensions, after ozone treatment pressure discharge of treated water into the surface ditches of storm sewers or into natural reservoirs, while automatically floating e particles in the upper part of the secondary settling tank - into the receiving tank and excess activated sludge from the aerotank zone located at the maximum distance from the aeroelement - into the tank of the aerobic stabilizer of activated sludge, from which water with activated sludge flows back into the aeration tank, and settled sludge after oxidation they are removed, while a descending stream of water is organized through the lower slot of the secondary sump, which washes the sludge deposited on the bottom of the sump and returns it to the aeration tank core, while disinfecting and pumping is carried out only with the help of sensors that monitor the level in the output tank, and a control device triggered by the signal of this sensor.

The wastewater treatment device includes a supply pipe, a receiving tank, activated sludge stabilizer and aeration tank, inlet and outlet pipes, a secondary sump and an outlet tank with an outlet, and the receiving tank contains activated sludge and an air element, a coarse sewage filter is located between the receiving tank and the aeration tank, equipped with a catcher of fibrous inclusions in the form of a brush, a constantly working coarse-bubble aerator, and an airlift that pumps water into the aeration tank containing a buried secondary a stand, while the aeration tank aero element and a recessed secondary sump are arranged so that a vertical circular circulation of water with activated sludge is provided in the aeration tank around the recessed secondary sump, and the space around the secondary sump, where water with activated sludge circulates, has an uneven cross section, which decreases in the upper part of the stream, and more expanded under it, as a result of which the flow rate in the zone of the upper part of the stream increases and intensive bubbling of water forms on e a deepened secondary sump and a funnel-shaped movement of water downward with the capture of small air bubbles from the space above the aeration tank, which improves oxygen saturation of the water; at the same time, an overflow pipe is located between the rear upper part of the secondary sump and the outlet tank, a mechanical filter made of long bristles is located in front of the outlet tank, and the outlet tank is equipped with a pump with a pressure pipe and an injector, an ozonizer and a contact pipe for ozonizing water in the output tank for disinfection and after-treatment, a sensor is also installed in the output tank connected to a control device that controls the pump, ozonizer and valves in this way ohm, that when filling the tank outlet to the top level-controlled sensor, starts the pump, and the air valve ozonizer; In the contact pipeline, ozone is dissolved in water, after which ozone-saturated water is returned to the outlet tank, the remaining insoluble ozone passes through the destructor and is discharged to the outside, the air supply from the compressor is also switched, and more intensive aeration of the receiving compartment begins, removing excess activated sludge from aeration tank into the stabilizer of activated sludge and the removal of floating particles from the secondary sump, then turn off the ozonizer and turn on the pump flushing valve for a short time, after which includes a pressure relief valve and purified water is pumped from the outlet tank of the treatment plant to a further discharge.

The drawing shows the inventive wastewater treatment device, where

1 - inlet pipe;

2 - receiving tank;

3 - aero element of the receiving tank;

4 - floating grid;

5 - brush;

6 - filter of rough sewage;

7 - coarse bubble filter aerator of coarse sewage;

8 - catcher of hair (fibrous) inclusions in the form of a brush;

9 - the main airlift (pump);

10 - aeration tank;

11 - buried secondary sump (ZVO);

12 - aero element of the aeration tank;

13 - zone of the upper part of the stream, where the water tends to down;

14 - pipe recirculation of the secondary sump;

15 - outlet pipe of a buried secondary sedimentation tank (overflow pipe);

16 - output tray of a recessed secondary sump;

17 - mechanical filter made of long bristles;

18 - output tank;

19 - sensor of the upper level of the output tank;

20 - sensor lower level of the output tank;

21 - control unit (control device);

22 - pump;

23 - injector;

24 - contact pipeline;

25 - ozonizer;

26 - switching valve of the air distribution system;

27 - controlled valve of the automatic flushing system;

28 - controlled valve discharge pressure of purified water;

29 - an ozone destructor;

30 - coarse bubble aerator stabilizer activated sludge;

31 - stabilizer activated sludge;

32 - coarse bubble aerator of a buried secondary sedimentation tank;

33 - airlift of the removal of floating particles of a buried secondary sedimentation tank;

34 - airlift removal of excess activated sludge from the aeration tank;

35 - overflow hole stabilizer activated sludge;

36 - distribution pipe system for automatic flushing;

37 - emergency overflow;

38 - check valve;

39 - outlet pipeline of purified water;

40 - compressor.

The wastewater treatment device includes a supply pipe 1, a receiving tank 2, an aeration tank 10, a secondary sump 11, an activated sludge stabilizer 31 and an outlet tank 18, the receiving tank 2 containing an activated sludge and an air element 3, a coarse filter is located between the receiving tank 2 and the aeration tank 10 sewage 6, equipped with a trap of fibrous (hair) inclusions 8 in the form of a brush, a constantly working coarse bubble aerator 7, and airlift 9, which pumps water into the aeration tank 10, containing a buried secondary sump 11, the aeration element 12 and the aeration tank and a recessed secondary sump 11 are arranged so that a vertical circular circulation of water with activated sludge is provided in the aeration tank around the recessed secondary sump, and the space around the secondary sump, where water with activated sludge circulates, has an uneven cross section, which decreases in the upper part flow, and more expanded beneath it, as a result of which the flow velocity in the zone of the upper part of the flow increases and intensive bubbling of water forms over the deepened m secondary clarifier and funnel movement of water down the grasping of small air bubbles from the space above the aeration tank, which improves the oxygen saturation; at the same time, an overflow pipe 15 is located between the upper part of the secondary settler 11 and the outlet tank 18, a tray 16 and a mechanical filter 17 of long bristles are located in front of the outlet tank, while the outlet tank 18 is equipped with a pump 22 with a pressure pipe and injector 23, an ozonizer 25 and a contact pipeline 24 for ozonation of water in the outlet tank for the purpose of disinfection and post-treatment, in the outlet tank there is also a sensor connected to a control device that controls the pump, ozonizer and valve in such a way that when filling the outlet tank to the upper level controlled by the sensor 19, the pump 22, the ozonizer 25 and the air valve 26 are turned on; In the contact line 24, ozone dissolves in water, after which ozone-saturated water is returned to the outlet tank 18, the remaining insoluble ozone passes through the destructor 29 and is discharged to the outside, the air supply from the compressor 40 is also switched, and a more intensive aeration of the receiving tank 2 begins, removing excess activated sludge from the aeration tank 10 into the activated sludge stabilizer 31 and removing floating particles from the secondary sump 11, then the ozonizer 25 is turned off and the valve 27 is turned on for a short time automatic flushing, after which the pressure relief valve 28 is turned on and the purified water is pumped from the outlet tank of the treatment plant to a further discharge.

The device operates as follows.

Wastewater through the inlet pipe 1 enters the receiving tank 2, in which the air element 3 and the floating grid 4 with a brush 5 around the perimeter are located. In the receiving tank weak aeration is carried out. Water from the receiving tank 2 through the filter of coarse sewage 6, equipped with a constantly working coarse bubble aerator 7 to repel large sewage from the holes of the filter, and a trap of hair (fibrous) inclusions 8, is pumped by the main airlift 9 into the aeration tank 10, where activated sludge is in suspension and buried secondary sump 11 (ZVO). In this case, intensive aeration occurs in the aeration tank. Aero element 12 of the aeration tank and ZVO are arranged so that a vertically circular circulation of water with activated sludge in the aeration tank around the ZVO is ensured. ZVO is made in the form of a hollow triangle having a gap on the bottom side. The space around the ZVO, where water with activated sludge circulates, has an uneven cross section, which decreases in zone 13 of the upper part of the stream, where water tends to go down, and more widened under it. As a result, the flow rate in the upper zone increases, a funnel-like water movement is formed downward with the capture of small air bubbles from the space above the aeration tank and increased bubbling of water on the surface of the aeration tank over the SCZ, which improves oxygen saturation of the water. Part of the water from the aeration tank due to the circular circulation passes through the tube 14 and enters the ZVO. As a result, a downward flow of water is formed through the lower slot of the secondary sump, which washes the sludge deposited on the bottom of the sump and returns it to the active zone of the aeration tank. Moreover, the presence of sludge under anaerobic conditions is insignificant and almost does not affect its metabolic activity. A part of the water passing through the SVZ is separated from the sludge and flows through a pipe 15 located at some distance from the top of the SVZ cover to the overflow tray 16, equipped with a mechanical filter 17 from a long bristle, through which water is poured into the outlet tank 18. In the outlet tank level sensors 19 and 20 are installed, connected to a control device 21, which controls the pump 22 with the injector 23 and the contact pipe 24, the ozonizer 25, and valves 26, 27, 28. When the output tank is filled to the upper level controlled by the sensor com 19, starts the pump 22 and starts the ozonizer 25. saturation ozone water to a level necessary for its disinfection remaining undissolved ozone destructor 29 passes through and is outputted to the outside. At the same time, the switching valve 26 of the air distribution system pumped by the compressor 40 is turned on, and the main air lift 9 from the receiving tank to the aeration tank stops pumping, the air element 12 in the aeration tank and the coarse bubble aerator 30 of the activated sludge stabilizer 31 are turned off. More intensive aeration in the receiving tank 2 is turned on air to the aeroelement 3 through the check valve 38, which contributes to the mechanical grinding of large particles received with waste water from the sewage system, and begins y to earn krupnopuzyrchaty airlift aerator 32 and 33 remove floating particles recessed secondary clarifier. Active sludge in the aeration tank settles to the bottom and turns on the airlift 34 to remove excess activated sludge, installed at a certain distance from the bottom of the aeration tank. This height is chosen so that the concentration of activated sludge is maintained within 20-30% of the volume of the aeration tank when the mixture is settled for ten minutes. Airlift 34 is fixed in such a way that excess sludge is removed from the space farthest from the aeroelement, which eliminates its accumulation and dying in this place, where the heaviest old sludge gets into the aeration tank due to centrifugal circulation force. Excess activated sludge from the aeration tank by airlift 34 is pumped to the activated sludge stabilizer 31, where it accumulates and stabilizes under aerobic conditions. Heavier sludge settles to the bottom of the tank, and water with a small number of small particles of activated sludge flows through the overflow pipe 35 back into the aeration tank and continues to participate in the treatment of incoming contaminated water. The sludge accumulated in the aerobic stabilizer is periodically removed to the sludge pad or used to fertilize ornamental plants. After the required time for water treatment with ozone has elapsed, the flushing valve 27 is opened for a short time, water from the pressure pipe flows into the distributor 36 of the automatic flushing system. Then, the flushing valve 27 is closed, and the pressure relief valve 28 is opened, and purified water under pressure is pumped out of the outlet tank through the outlet pipe 39 into a surface trench absorbing, draining or other purified water drainage system. When the water level in the outlet tank drops to the lower level monitored by the sensor 20, the pump is turned off and the pressure relief valve 28 closes. With an open discharge of purified water and negative ambient temperatures, it is necessary to take measures so that the water from the outlet pipe with the appropriate slope has time to drain and not freeze in it, for example, close the pressure relief valve with a certain delay, use a switching valve with one open end or normally open valve with a corresponding change in the control signal. The switching valve 26 of the air distribution system is turned off and the main phase of operation is turned on. Ozone, in small concentrations, entering the receiving tank, the aeration tank and the secondary sump during washing contribute to the intensification of bioprocesses and to the improvement of sedimentation of suspensions.

In case of overflow of the receiving tank to the level of emergency overflow 37, pre-settled water will begin to flow into the output tank and will only undergo ozone oxidation and disinfection. This will lead to an increase in the amount of suspension in the outlet water, but will exclude the ingress of untreated water with large sewage into adjacent tanks and disruption of the treatment system for a long time. After eliminating the overload, the system operates as usual.

EXAMPLE OF SPECIFIC EXECUTION OF THE METHOD

The inventive method is performed in the installation in the form of a rectangular case with a size (1 × 1.5 × 2.4 m) of polypropylene, designed to clean 1.5 cubic meters of water per day. The compressor power is 60 watts, the power of the pump and ozonizer operating in short-term mode, 400 watts. Active sludge is formed during the first month of operation of the installation, and to protect the secondary sludge from the foam generated during the accumulation and maturation of activated sludge in the aeration tank, it is not necessary to take additional measures, since the secondary sludge is equipped with a lid and is 5-7 below the water level cm in aeration tank. Wastewater is fed to a receiving tank, where pre-treatment and grinding of large fractions of organic particles or capture of non-decomposable inclusions from wastewater takes place, pump the treated water into an aeration tank, in the chamber of which sludge is formed by the work of aerobic bacteria, then into a secondary sump, after why it flows from the secondary sump to the outlet tank. In the receiving tank, the water circulates under the influence of activated sludge and fine bubble aeration of variable intensity, and in the aeration tank there is a vertically circular circulation of a mixture of water and activated sludge around a secondary sump buried in water. In the secondary sedimentation tank, upstream particles are captured and water and sludge are separated. Next, the water is additionally filtered through a mechanical filter from a long bristle and flows from it to an outlet tank, where it is subjected to ozone treatment, decontamination, after which the main airlifts and a mechanical filter from a long bristle are washed with a simultaneous supply of ozonized water to a receiving tank and aeration tank to intensify biological processes and improved sedimentation of suspensions. After ozone treatment, a pressure discharge of purified water is carried out in the surface ditches of storm sewers or in natural reservoirs. At the same time, floating particles are automatically removed in the upper part of the secondary sump - into the receiving tank and excess activated sludge from the aerotank zone located at the maximum distance from the aeroelement - into the tank of the aerobic stabilizer of activated sludge, from which water with activated sludge flows back into the aeration tank. Settled sludge after oxidation is removed, and a downward flow of water is organized through the lower slit of the secondary sump, which washes the sludge settled to the bottom of the sump and returns it to the active zone of the aeration tank. Disinfection and pumping control is carried out only with the help of sensors that control the level in the output tank, and a control device triggered by the signal of this sensor.

Moreover, the claimed technical solution allows to intensify the cleaning process, to improve its quality and reliability due to the use of a buried secondary sump in the aeration tank device, organization of the process with the presence of an additional oxidation and disinfection stage, automatic washing of the main elements, placement of the control sensor in the output tank

Claims (2)

1. A method of wastewater treatment, including the supply of wastewater to a receiving tank, where pre-treatment and grinding of large fractions of organic particles or the capture of non-decomposable inclusions received from wastewater, further pumping of the purified water into the aeration tank, in which the sludge is formed by working aerobic bacteria, further pumping water into the secondary sump, flowing from the secondary sump to the outlet tank, characterized in that in the receiving tank there is water qi it circulates under the influence of activated sludge and fine-bubble aeration of variable intensity, and in the aeration tank there is a vertically circular circulation of a mixture of water and activated sludge around a secondary sump buried in water, then in the secondary sump, trapped particles are collected in the upper part and water and sludge are separated, then there is the passage of water and additional filtration through a mechanical filter from a long bristle and from it the flow of purified water to the outlet tank, where the pre-purified biol water is subjected to ozone treatment, decontamination, and decontamination, and then the main airlifts and the mechanical filter are washed from long bristles with the simultaneous supply of ozonized water to the receiving tank and aeration tank to intensify biological processes and improve sedimentation of suspensions; after ozone treatment, the purified water is discharged into surface ditches of storm sewers or in natural reservoirs, while automatically removing floating particles in the upper part of the secondary sewage yennik into the receiving tank and excess activated sludge from the zone of the aeration tank located at the maximum distance from the aeroelement - into the tank of the aerobic stabilizer of activated sludge, from which water with activated sludge flows back into the aeration tank, and settled sludge is removed after additional oxidation, while through the lower slot the secondary sump, a downward flow of water is organized, which washes the sludge settled on the bottom of the sump and returns it to the aeration tank core, and the disinfection and pumping are controlled only by sensors, to monitoring the level in the output tank, and the control device triggered by the signal of this sensor. 2. A wastewater treatment device including a supply pipe, a receiving tank, an activated sludge stabilizer and aeration tank, inlet and outlet pipes, a secondary sump and an outlet tank, characterized in that the receiving tank contains activated sludge and an air element, a filter is located between the receiving tank and the aeration tank coarse sewage, equipped with a catcher of fibrous inclusions in the form of a brush, a constantly working coarse-bubble aerator, and an airlift that pumps water into the aeration tank containing a buried secondary compartment oynik, while the aeration tank aero element and a recessed secondary sump are arranged so that a vertical circular circulation of water with activated sludge is provided in the aeration tank around the recessed secondary sump, and the space around the secondary sump, where water with activated sludge circulates, has an uneven cross section, which decreases in the upper part of the stream, and more expanded under it, while between the secondary sump and the outlet tank there is an overflow pipe, in front of the outlet tank A mechanical filter made of long bristles is installed, while the outlet tank is equipped with a pump with a pressure pipe and an injector, an ozonizer and a contact pipe for ozonizing water in the output tank for disinfection and post-treatment, a sensor connected to a control device that controls the pump is also installed in the output tank , ozonizer and valves.