CN108793645A - Integrated domestic sewage treatment system - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses an integrated domestic sewage treatment system, comprising sequentially connected water inlet pipes, regulating tanks, biochemical tanks, membrane bioreaction tanks, disinfection and decolorization tanks and outlet pipes; A membrane aeration and flushing device for flushing the membrane biological filter is arranged below the device. The invention effectively purifies domestic sewage; the membrane aeration flushing device can realize the cleaning of the membrane biological filter without opening the backwashing device, improves the sewage treatment efficiency, and prolongs the service life of the equipment.

Description

Integrated domestic sewage treatment system

technical field

The invention relates to the technical field of sewage treatment, in particular to an integrated domestic sewage treatment system.

Background technique

With the continuous development of social economy, the treatment capacity and treatment requirements of urban domestic sewage are constantly increasing, and the domestic sewage treatment system is also constantly being updated and improved. Domestic sewage treatment is to treat the sewage generated in life through professional sewage treatment equipment, so that domestic sewage can meet the discharge standard and be recycled.

At present, the sewage treatment methods of domestic sewage treatment plants usually adopt activated sludge method and biofilm method. Among them, the biofilm method is a method of purifying wastewater through the biofilm formed by the growth and reproduction of aerobic microorganisms, protozoa, metazoans, etc. on carrier fillers, absorbing and degrading organic matter. The emerging membrane bioreactor (MBR for short) is a new type of water treatment technology that combines a membrane separation unit with a biological treatment unit, and has been perfected in experimental research and engineering practice. It is currently a relatively mature water purification technology. Its main technological process is: domestic sewage → pretreatment → MBR biochemical treatment → secondary treatment (disinfection and decolorization) → effluent discharge.

Technical solution CN207175710U discloses a sewage processor with an improved structure, including a sewage processor body, one side of the sewage processor body is provided with a water inlet, the sewage processor body includes a grille, a regulating tank, an acidification tank and an MBR tank, and the sewage There is a detection hole on the top of the processor body and a fixed bracket on the bottom. There is a regulating tank inside the sewage processor body. One side of the regulating tank is connected to the acidification tank through a partition. There is a circulating water pump between the pools, a reservoir is installed on one side of the MBR pool, a water collecting pipe is installed above the reservoir, a water outlet is installed on one side of the reservoir, and a backwashing device is installed below, and a backwashing device is installed on one side of the backwashing device. There are recoil pipes. By increasing the oxygen aeration device in the MBR tank, the oxygen in the air is dissolved into the water, and the amount of remaining sludge is reduced by keeping the sludge load low, and the designed return device can make full use of resources without causing waste. However, during work, once pollutants and impurities are attached to the MBR, it needs to be cleaned in time. To flush the MBR through the backwashing device, it is necessary to repeatedly open and close the pumping device and the backwashing device, which greatly affects the sewage treatment efficiency and service life.

The technical solution CN203602452U discloses a platform domestic sewage treatment device, which includes a fine grid arranged in sequence, a regulating pool, an anoxic pool, an MBR pool, an observation pool, a water storage pool, and a sludge pool adjacent to the MBR pool; At the front of the regulating tank, a doser is added; at the front of the storage tank, a chlorine dioxide generator is arranged. The technical solution has stable operation, high water production rate, high treatment efficiency, excellent and stable effluent quality, and all effluent water can be reused to avoid pollution to the marine environment. Similarly, the lack of backwashing device or membrane flushing device will affect the sewage treatment efficiency of the device.

The sewage treatment system mentioned in the above scheme has the following defects:

1. With only or no backwashing device installed, the MBR cannot be effectively flushed, which will easily reduce the service life of the MBR;

2. Relying on the backwashing device to achieve MBR cleaning greatly reduces the treatment efficiency of the sewage treatment device. It is necessary to repeatedly open and close the pumping device and the backwashing device, which will easily reduce the service life of the pumping device and the backwashing device.

Therefore, it is necessary to improve the domestic sewage treatment system in the prior art.

Contents of the invention

The purpose of the present invention is to overcome the defects in the prior art, provide an integrated domestic sewage treatment system, and realize that the membrane bioreaction tank can be washed in stages in the membrane bioreaction tank without affecting the sewage treatment efficiency.

In order to achieve the above-mentioned technical effects, the technical solution of the present invention is: an integrated domestic sewage treatment system, including a water inlet pipe, a regulating tank, a biochemical tank, a membrane bioreaction tank, a disinfection and decolorization tank and an outlet pipe connected in sequence; There is a membrane biofilter, and a membrane aeration flushing device for flushing the membrane biofilter is arranged below the membrane biofilter.

Through the above technical scheme, the effective treatment of domestic sewage is realized. The sewage flows into the regulating tank to complete the water storage and precipitate some impurities; then, the preliminary precipitated sewage flows into the biochemical tank, and after biochemical treatment, it flows into the membrane bioreaction tank; After the filtration treatment of the filter, it enters the disinfection and decolorization pool, and completes the final disinfection and decolorization treatment, so that the water flow meets the standard discharge. During work, the membrane aeration and flushing device can aerate and flush the membrane biofilter at any time, which improves the degree of free control over the cleaning of the membrane biofilter. If the membrane biofilter needs to be cleaned, it is only necessary to open the membrane aeration and flushing device, without suspending the sewage purification process, which improves the purification efficiency of sewage treatment.

Specifically, the membrane biofilter includes a water collection tray, the interior of the water collection tray is a water collection cavity, and a number of water collection columns are connected to the lower surface of the water collection tray. The hollow of the water collection column is a water collection channel, and the water collection channel and the water collection cavity The bottom is connected, the upper part of the water collection cavity is connected with a suction pipe, and the opening end of the suction pipe faces the disinfection and decolorization tank; the side wall of the water collection column is connected with several water inlets, and the outer surface of the water collection column is fixed with a filter membrane; the sewage in the membrane bioreaction tank After being filtered through the filter membrane, it flows through the water inlet, the water collection passage, and the water collection cavity in sequence to enter the water suction pipe; the water suction pipe is provided with a water pump. Such a structure enables the sewage filtration treatment of the membrane biofilter to be effectively carried out, the negative pressure equipment increases the power of suction filtration, and multiple water collection columns and water inlets increase the suction filtration area and improve the filtration efficiency.

The preferred technical solution is that the membrane aeration and flushing device includes a gas collection pan, the inside of which is an air collection cavity, and the upper surface of the gas collection pan is connected with several gas collection columns, and the hollow of the gas collection column is a gas collection passage, and the gas collection The passage communicates with the upper part of the air-gathering cavity; the side wall of the gas-gathering column is provided with a number of aeration holes; This design can aerate and flush the filter impurities adsorbed on the outer wall of the filter membrane, so that the filter impurities can fall off, avoiding the clogging of the water inlet caused by the continuous accumulation of impurities, and reducing the filtration efficiency.

The preferred technical solution is that a lifting mechanism is provided at the bottom of the membrane aeration and flushing device, and the lifting mechanism includes a guide cylinder fixed at the bottom of the membrane bioreactor tank, and the gas collection plate is connected to the inner wall of the guide cylinder by sliding up and down; the bottom of the inner cavity of the guide cylinder is provided with a drive Airbag, the driving airbag is connected with the airbag inflator pump through the airbag inflation pipeline; the upper end of the driving airbag is in contact with the lower end of the gas collection plate, and drives the air collection plate to slide up and down in the guide cylinder. Sliding through groove; membrane biofilter is fixedly installed, and there is a water gap between two adjacent water collection columns, and the gas collection column cooperates with the position of the flow water gap during the upward process.

With such a design, the membrane aeration and flushing device is lifted and lowered by the lifting device, and the cleaning of the membrane biological filter by the membrane aeration and flushing device is controlled step by step. When the membrane biofilter needs to be cleaned, the air bag is inflated and deflated, and the membrane aeration and flushing device is raised and lowered to increase the flushing contact area and reduce the cleaning time.

Specifically, the suction pipe is provided with a water valve and a water pump sequentially along the water flow direction, and a backwash water pipe is provided between the water suction valve and the water inlet of the water suction pipe; the water outlet of the backwash water pipe is connected to the water suction pipe, and the water inlet of the backwash water pipe faces Disinfection and decolorization pool, backwash water valve and backwash water pump are installed on the backwash water pipe. With such a structure, it is only necessary to close the water valve and the water pump, and open the backwash water valve and the backwash water pump to return the water in the disinfection and decolorization tank, thereby realizing the backwash of the membrane biofilter. Thoroughly remove the filter impurities adsorbed on the outer wall of the filter membrane, suitable for long-term cleaning and maintenance.

Specifically, the biochemical pool is equipped with a biochemical pool aeration device and a biological bacteria adding device. The biological bacteria adding device can be replaced by manual input of biological bacteria. Such a structure allows the sewage to flow into the membrane bioreaction tank after fully mixing and reacting with the added biological bacteria through aeration in the biochemical tank.

Specifically, the disinfection and decolorization pool is equipped with a disinfectant adding device and a decolorization treatment device; the decolorization treatment device is an ozone generator. The disinfectant adding device can be replaced by manual input of disinfectant. Such a structure decolorizes and sterilizes the treated water, realizes secondary treatment, and ensures that the treated water is discharged up to the standard.

Specifically, the lower part of the adjustment pool is connected with a sewage pipe. There is also a filter grid in the adjustment tank, and the sewage enters the adjustment tank and then flows into the biochemical pool through the filter grid. Such a structure realizes the pretreatment of sewage, filters large impurities in sewage, and prevents these impurities from entering the post-treatment process and affecting the operation of equipment. At the same time, using the water storage function of the regulating tank, most of the sludge is precipitated and discharged from the sewage pipe, which speeds up the treatment efficiency of the later sewage treatment and facilitates the reprocessing of the primary sludge.

The advantages and beneficial effects of the present invention are: the domestic sewage is effectively purified; the membrane aeration and flushing device can realize the cleaning of the membrane biological filter without opening the backwashing device, thereby improving the efficiency of sewage treatment , increasing the service life of the equipment.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is the sectional structure schematic diagram of Embodiment 1 of the integrated domestic sewage treatment system of the present invention;

Fig. 2 is the partial sectional structure schematic diagram of membrane biofilter in embodiment 1;

Fig. 3 is the partial cross-sectional structure schematic diagram of membrane aeration flushing device in embodiment 1;

Fig. 4 is the sectional structure schematic diagram of embodiment 2;

Fig. 5 is a partial cross-sectional structural schematic diagram of the membrane aeration and flushing device and the lifting mechanism in embodiment 2 from the airless state of the driving air bag to the full air state of the driving air bag;

Fig. 6 is the sectional structure schematic diagram of embodiment 3;

Fig. 7 is a partial sectional structural schematic diagram of the biochemical pond aeration device in embodiment 3;

Fig. 8 is the schematic cross-sectional structure diagram of embodiment 4;

Fig. 9 is a partial cross-sectional structural schematic diagram of the membrane aeration and flushing device and the lifting mechanism in embodiment 4 from the airless state of the driving air bag to the full air state of the driving air bag.

In the figure: 1. Inlet pipe; 2. Regulating tank; 3. Biochemical tank; 4. Membrane bioreaction tank; 5. Disinfection and decolorization tank; 6. Outlet pipe; 7. Membrane biofilter; 7-1. ; 7-11, water collection cavity; 7-2, water collection column; 7-21, water collection channel; 7-22, water inlet; Suction pump; 7-6, suction valve; 7-7, backwash water pipe; 7-8, backwash water valve; 7-9, backwash water pump; 8, membrane aeration flushing device; 8-1, gas collection plate ; 8-11, gas collection cavity; 8-2, gas collection column; 8-21, gas collection channel; 8-22, aeration hole; 8-3, gas collection and inflatable tube; 8-4. Flushing air pump; 9. Guide cylinder; 9-1. Through groove; 10. Driving airbag; 11. Airbag inflation pump; 12. Airbag inflation pipeline; 13. Biochemical tank aeration device; 13-1. Biochemical Pool aeration box; 13-11, biochemical pool aeration cavity; 13-12, biochemical pool aeration port; 13-2, biochemical pool aeration pipe; 13-3, biochemical pool aeration pump; 14, ozone Generator; 15, sewage pipe; 15-1, sewage valve; 16, filter grid; 17, protective net cover.

Detailed ways

The specific implementation manners of the present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the drawings and examples. The following examples are only used to illustrate the technical solution of the present invention more clearly, but not to limit the protection scope of the present invention.

Example 1

As shown in Figures 1 to 3, the integrated domestic sewage treatment system of Embodiment 1 includes a water inlet pipe 1, a regulating tank 2, a biochemical tank 3, a membrane bioreaction tank 4, a disinfection and decolorization tank 5 and an outlet pipe 6 connected in sequence; The membrane bioreactor 4 is fixed with a membrane biofilter 7 , and a membrane aeration flushing device 8 for flushing the membrane biofilter 7 is arranged below the membrane biofilter 7 . Membrane biofilter 7 includes water collection tray 7-1, the interior of water collection tray 7-1 is water collection cavity 7-11, and the lower surface of water collection tray 7-1 is connected with several water collection columns 7-2, and the water collection column 7-2 is hollow for the water collection passage 7-21, the water collection passage 7-21 is connected with the bottom of the water collection cavity 7-11, and the upper part of the water collection cavity 7-11 is connected with a water suction pipe 7-3, and the water suction pipe 7 -3 The open end faces the disinfection and decolorization tank 5; the side wall of the water collection column 7-2 is connected with several water inlets 7-22, and the outer surface of the water collection column 7-2 is fixed with a filter membrane 7-4; the sewage in the membrane bioreactor 4 After being filtered by the filter membrane 7-4, it flows through the water inlet 7-22, the water collection channel 7-21, the water collection cavity 7-11 and enters the water suction pipe 7-3; the water suction pipe 7-3 is provided with a water pump 7 -5. Membrane aeration flushing device 8 includes gas collecting pan 8-1, the interior of gas collecting pan 8-1 is gas collecting cavity 8-11, and several gas collecting columns 8-2 are connected on the upper surface of gas collecting pan 8-1, collecting The air column 8-2 is hollow as the air collection passage 8-21, and the air collection passage 8-21 communicates with the upper part of the air collection cavity 8-11; the side wall of the air collection column 8-2 is provided with several aeration holes 8-22, The lower part of the air-collecting cavity 8-11 is connected with an air-collecting and inflating pipe 8-3; the air-collecting and inflating pipe 8-3 is connected with the flushing air pump 8-4.

When treating sewage, the sewage enters the membrane bioreaction tank 4 through the water inlet pipe 1, the regulating tank 2 and the biochemical tank 3 in sequence, and after the liquid surface touches the membrane biofilter 7, the water pump 7-5 is turned on. Membrane biofilter 7 starts suction and filtration work, and after sewage is filtered from membrane bioreactor 4 through filter membrane 7-4, it flows through water inlet 7-22, water collection channel 7-21, and water collection cavity 7-11 in sequence , the pumping pipe 7-3, enters the disinfection and decolorization pool 5, and finally discharges through the outlet pipe 6 to complete the sewage treatment work. As the suction filtration of the membrane biofilter 7 continues, the filter impurities (flocculent floating matter) continue to gather on the filter membrane 7-4 near the water inlet 7-22, reducing the effective filtration area of the filter membrane 7-4 . During the suction filtration, the flushing air pump 8-4 is turned on, so that the external air passes through the gas collection cavity 8-11 and the gas collection channel 8-21 through the gas collection and inflation pipe 8-3 in turn, and passes through the aeration chamber on the gas collection column 8-2. The stomata 8-22 enter the membrane bioreactor 4. Since the gas-collecting column 8-2 is below the water-collecting column 7-2, the gas discharged from the aeration hole 8-22 floats up and has a certain impact on the filter impurities attached to the filter membrane 7-4, which can aerate and wash the filter impurities. Make filter impurities fall off.

Example 2

For further optimization of Example 1, as shown in Figures 4 to 5, the difference between Example 2 and Example 1 is that a lifting mechanism is provided at the bottom of the membrane aeration and flushing device 8, and the lifting mechanism includes The guide cylinder 9, the gas collecting disc 8-1 is connected with the inner wall of the guide cylinder 9 by sliding up and down; the bottom of the inner cavity of the guide cylinder 9 is provided with a driving airbag 10, and the driving airbag 10 is connected with the airbag inflation pump 11 through the airbag inflation pipeline 12; the driving airbag The upper end of 10 is in contact with the lower end of the gas collecting tray 8-1, and drives the gas collecting tray 8-1 to slide up and down in the guide cylinder 9; 9 is provided with the through groove 9-1 that accommodates the gas-collecting and charging pipe 8-3 to slide up and down. The membrane biofilter 7 is fixedly arranged, and a water flow gap is provided between adjacent water collection columns 7-2, and the gas collection column 8-2 is matched with the position of the water flow gap. The suction pipe 7-3 is provided with a suction valve 7-6 and a suction pump 7-5 successively along the water flow direction, and a backwash water pipe 7-7 is arranged between the water inlet of the suction valve 7-6 and the suction pipe 7-3; The water outlet of the water pipe 7-7 is connected to the suction pipe 7-3, and the water inlet of the backwash water pipe 7-7 is located in the disinfection and decolorization pool 5, and the backwash water pipe 7-7 is provided with a backwash water valve 7-8 and a backwash water pump 7-9.

Before use, there is no gas in the driving airbag 10 . During use, if the membrane biofilter 7 needs to be flushed, the airbag air pump 11 and the flushing air pump 8-4 are turned on, the airbag air pump 11 inflates the driving airbag 10 through the airbag inflation pipeline 12, and the membrane aeration flushing device 8 is constantly lifted, and the air-collecting column 8-2 is partly set in the flowing water gap between the water-collecting columns 7-2. As the penetration area of the gas-collecting column 8-2 in the water gap between the water-collecting columns 7-2 increases, the impact of the gas discharged from the aeration hole 8-22 on the filter impurities attached to the filter membrane 7-4 The force will be continuously strengthened, and the filter impurities can be aerated and washed, so that the filter impurities can fall off and the cleaning rate can be improved. Since the gas-collecting column 8-2 is partly installed between the water-collecting columns 7-2, it can move up and down in the water gap, and the air bubbles can more fully wash the filter membrane 7-4. During the filtration process, the interval of 2-5 The filter membrane 7-4 is flushed once every minute to further improve the filtering effect.

Due to the long-term filtration, the membrane biofilter 7 needs to be reverse-cleaned to clean the tiny objects attached to the surface of the filter membrane. Ensure that the air bag inflation pump 11 and the flushing air pump 8-4 are in the closed state, and after all the gas in the driving air bag 10 is discharged, close the water valve 7-6 and the water pump 7-5, and open the backwash water valve 7-8 and the backwash water valve 7-8. The water pump 7-9 pumps back the treated water in the disinfection and decolorization tank 5 to the membrane biofilter 7, so that the treated water passes through the backwashing water pipe 7-7, and then flows through the water pumping pipe 7-3 and the water collection cavity 7- 11. The water collection channel 7-21 and the water inlet 7-22 finally enter the membrane bioreactor tank 4 through the filter membrane 7-4. The filter membrane 7-4 is deeply cleaned by back flushing with treated water. After finishing the cleaning, close the backwash water valve 7-8 and the backwash water pump 7-9. Such thorough cleaning is performed once a day. In this way, the filtration efficiency of the filter membrane 7-4 can be improved to the greatest extent by intermittently aerating and washing the surface of the filter membrane 7-4 combined with daily backwashing.

Example 3

To the further optimization of embodiment 2, as shown in Figures 6 to 7, the difference between embodiment 3 and embodiment 2 is that biochemical pool 3 is provided with biochemical pool aeration device 13 and biological bacteria artificial input port, biochemical pool aeration device 13 includes the biochemical pool aeration box 13-1, the interior of the biochemical pool aeration box 13-1 is the biochemical pool aeration cavity 13-11, and the upper part of the biochemical pool aeration box 13-1 is provided with several biochemical pool aeration ports 13-12, the lower part of the biochemical pool aeration box 13-1 is connected to the biochemical pool aeration cavity 13-11 is provided with a biochemical pool aeration pipe 13-2, and the biochemical pool aeration pipe 13-2 is connected to the biochemical pool aeration pump 13- 3 phases are connected; Disinfection and decolorization pool 5 is provided with disinfectant manual input port and ozone generator 14; Adjusting tank 2 bottom is communicated with and is provided with blowdown pipe 15, and blowdown pipe 15 is provided with blowdown valve 15-1; There is a filter grid 16, and the sewage enters the regulating tank 2 and then flows into the biochemical pool 3 through the filter grid 16. The model of the ozone generator 14 is preferably MTS-CFG-50A.

During work, the sewage flows into the regulating tank 2 through the water inlet pipe 1, passes through the filter grid 16, and filters larger impurities on one side of the regulating tank 2, and the pre-filtered sewage gradually gathers on the other side of the filter grid 16. When the filtered sewage liquid level reached a certain height, it flowed into the biochemical pool 3. At the same time, the sewage continuously accumulates in the regulating tank 2 , and part of the sludge in the sewage will gradually settle at the bottom of the regulating tank 2 . After the sludge settles for a period of time, the sewage valve 15-1 is opened to discharge the sludge and some impurities through the sewage pipe 15.

After the first filtered sewage enters the biochemical pool 3, the biochemical pool aeration pump 13-3 is turned on, and biological bacteria are put in, so that the gas passes through the biochemical pool aeration pipe 13-2, the aeration cavity 13-11 and the biochemical pool aeration and ventilation. Ports 13-12 enter the biochemical pool 3 to aerate the primary filtered sewage, fully mix the biological bacteria with the primary filtered sewage, and provide sufficient oxygen for the biological bacteria to obtain biochemical mixed sewage. The biological bacteria can effectively remove COD, BOD5, SS, TP, NH ₃ -N, TN, etc. in the sewage after biochemically reacting the substances in the sewage. The biochemical mixed sewage is continuously increasing, and when its liquid level reaches a certain height, it flows into the membrane bioreaction tank 4 for filtration, and the obtained filtered water is pumped to the disinfection and decolorization tank 5 . Drop into disinfectant and ozone generator 14 after filter water enters disinfection decolorization tank 5, and filter water is dropped into disinfectant to carry out disinfection fade treatment. The treated water obtained after the disinfection and decolorization treatment is finally discharged through the outlet pipe 6 .

Example 4

For further optimization of embodiment 3, as shown in Figures 8 to 9, the difference between embodiment 4 and embodiment 3 is that a telescopic pipe section 8 is provided on the gas-collecting and inflating pipe 8-3 in the vertical direction in the membrane bioreactor 4 -31, and its exterior is covered with a telescopic protective net 17, the telescopic pipe section 8-31 is located in the telescopic protective net 17, the bottom end of the telescopic protective net 17 is fixed on the bottom surface of the membrane bioreactor 4, and the telescopic protective net 17 The top end is fixedly connected to the gas-collecting and inflating tube 8-3; the telescopic tube section 8-31 is a corrugated tube made of shrinkable high-density material, preferably thermoplastic polyurethane elastomer rubber (TPU). When using the lifting mechanism in work, if there is no gas in the driving air bag 10, the telescopic pipe section 8-31 and the telescopic protective net cover 17 are in contracted state; The telescopic protective net cover 17 has played a protective role to the telescopic pipe section 8-31.

The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, it should be pointed out that for those of ordinary skill in the art, without departing from the technical principle of the present invention, some improvements and modifications can also be made. These improvements and modifications It should also be regarded as the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (9)

1. An integrated domestic sewage treatment system, including successively connected water inlet pipes, regulating tanks, biochemical tanks, membrane bioreactor tanks, disinfection and decolorization tanks and outlet pipes; it is characterized in that the membrane bioreactor tank is equipped with a membrane biofilter , a membrane aeration flushing device for flushing the membrane biofilter is arranged below the membrane biofilter. 2. The integrated domestic sewage treatment system according to claim 1, wherein the membrane biofilter comprises a catchment tray, the inside of the catchment tray is a water collection cavity, and the lower surface of the catchment tray is Several water collection columns are connected, the hollow of the water collection column is a water collection channel, the water collection channel is connected with the bottom of the water collection cavity, the upper part of the water collection cavity is connected with a suction pipe, and the open end of the water collection pipe faces the disinfection Decolorization tank; the side wall of the water collection column is connected with several water inlets, and the outer surface of the water collection column is fixed with a filter membrane; after the sewage in the membrane bioreactor tank is filtered through the filter membrane, it flows through the water inlet and the water collection channel in sequence 1. The water collection cavity enters the water suction pipe; the water suction pipe is provided with a water pump. 3. The integrated domestic sewage treatment system according to claim 1, characterized in that, the membrane aeration and flushing device comprises an air collecting pan, the interior of the air collecting pan is an air collecting cavity, and the air collecting pan is There are several gas-collecting columns connected to the surface, and the hollow of the gas-collecting column is a gas-collecting passage, and the gas-collecting passage communicates with the upper part of the gas-collecting cavity; the side wall of the gas-collecting column is provided with several aeration holes, The lower part of the air-collecting cavity is communicated with an air-collecting and inflating pipe; the air-collecting and inflating pipe is connected with the flushing air pump. 4. The integrated domestic sewage treatment system according to claims 2 and 3, characterized in that a lifting mechanism is provided at the bottom of the membrane aeration and washing device, and the lifting mechanism includes a guide cylinder fixed at the bottom of the membrane bioreactor , the gas collecting disc is slidingly connected with the inner wall of the guide cylinder up and down; the bottom of the inner cavity of the guide cylinder is provided with a driving airbag, and the driving airbag is connected with the airbag inflation pump through the airbag inflation pipeline; the upper end of the driving airbag is connected with the gas collecting The lower end of the plate is in contact with each other, and drives the gas collecting plate to slide up and down in the guide cylinder, and the guide cylinder is provided with a channel for accommodating the upward and downward sliding of the gas collection and inflation tube; the membrane biofilter is fixed, and the two adjacent sets There is a water flow gap between the water columns, and the air-collecting column cooperates with the position of the water flow gap during the upward process. 5. The integrated domestic sewage treatment system according to claim 2, characterized in that, the suction pipe is provided with a water valve and a water pump sequentially along the water flow direction, and a backwash is provided between the water valve and the water inlet of the suction pipe Water pipe; the water outlet of the backwash water pipe is connected to the suction pipe, the water inlet of the backwash water pipe faces the disinfection and decolorization pool, and the backwash water pipe is provided with a backwash water valve and a backwash water pump. 6. The integrated domestic sewage treatment system according to claim 1, wherein the biochemical pool is provided with an aeration device for the biochemical pool and a biological bacteria adding device. 7. The integrated domestic sewage treatment system according to claim 1, characterized in that the disinfection and decolorization tank is provided with a disinfectant adding device and a decolorization treatment device. 8. The integrated domestic sewage treatment system according to claim 8, wherein the decolorization treatment device is an ozone generator. 9. The integrated domestic sewage treatment system according to claim 1, characterized in that a sewage pipe is connected to the lower part of the adjustment pool.