RU2277521C1 - Method for producing fertilizer - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: fertilizers.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to technology for preparing fertilizers from the manufacture waste. Proposed method involves mixing the spent sulfuric acid etching solution and powdered phosphorite taken in the mass ratio = 1:0.5 to the homogenous mass with addition of perlite sand for granulation and taken in the amount 20-50% of the mixture mass, and the mass is stirred for 0.5-0.75 h. For separating into layers of the reaction mass and preparing granules the drying process is carried out at temperature 110-130°C to obtain granules with diameter 4-6 mm. The trace element-containing phosphorite-base fertilizer shows the meliorating and insecticide-fungicide properties. The cost of fertilizer is reduced based on utilization of etching solutions.

EFFECT: improved preparing method.

Description

The invention relates to agriculture, in particular to fertilizer production technologies.

A known method of processing etching solutions of sulfuric acid etching of ferrous metals, in which, in order to obtain complex fertilizers with trace elements, etching solutions are mixed with finely divided metallurgical slag, followed by heating the resulting pulp with continuous stirring; metallurgical slag is crushed to a particle size of 0.3-1.0 mm, mixing is carried out in a weight ratio of phases T: W from 10: 4 to 10: 3 and heating is carried out to a temperature of 130-150 ° C for one hour (SU, author's certificate No. 333155 A1, M. class C. 05 D 9/02, C 05 D 3/04. A method for processing etching solutions (P.V. Dybina and T.N. Eliseeva (USSR). - Application No. 1439195/23 - 26; Stated 05/20/1970; Publ. 03/21/1972, Bull. No. 11 // Discovery. Inventions. - 1972. - No. 11).

The disadvantages of the described method, despite the fact that waste from metallurgical production is used, include the high cost of the product, the multi-stage processing process, the high complexity, low efficiency for the reclamation of solonetzic soils and complexes.

There is also known a method for producing microelement superphosphate by decomposing phosphate feedstock with spent sulfuric acid, in which, in order to reduce the ripening period of the product while enriching it with trace elements, a molybdenum-containing solution is introduced in a ratio of 1: 4.5-5.5; as molybdenum-containing solution using waste electric lamp production of the following composition,%:

H ₂ MoO ₄ 32 HNO ₃ twenty H ₂ SO ₄ 25 H ₂ O Rest

(SU, copyright certificate No. 793962 A1, M. class. ³ C 05 B 11/08. Method for producing microelement superphosphate / M.O. Gumbatov, A.V. Kononov, M.S. Alosmanov and others (USSR). - Application No. 2677554 / 23-26; It is claimed 10.25.1978; Publish. 07.01.1981, Bull. No. 1 // Discovery. Inventions. - 1981. - No. 1).

The disadvantages of the described method despite the use of spent molybdenum-containing solutions of electric lamp production include the low efficiency of the product as a fertilizer and chemical meliorant. The components of the resulting fertilizer do not contribute to the desalinization of soil carbonate and salt horizons.

A known method for producing complex micronutrient fertilizers, including processing while mixing the crushed metallurgical slag with an spent solution of sulfuric acid etching of ferrous metals, drying and granulating the finished product, in which, in order to improve the quality of fertilizers and give them herbicidal properties, as well as reduce energy consumption, the spent solution of sulfuric acid etching of ferrous metals is mixed with spent electrolytes of galvanic production in the ratio (3.3-3.4): 1.0 and the resulting mixed solution allow to perfect the metallurgical slag at T: L = 1: 5 (SU, Inventor's Certificate №1488290 A1, M. C ⁴ Cl 05 D 9/02, C05 G 3/04 A process for preparing complex microfertilizers / T.N.Eliseeva.. (USSR) .- Application No. 4261355 / 31-26; Announced 06/12/1987; Publish. 06.23.1989, Bull. No. 23 // Discoveries. Inventions. - 1989. - No. 23).

The disadvantages of this method include the multi-stage processing process, the need for granulation of the microfertilizer obtained, the slag does not contain organic substances, the need for drying, as well as an insufficient amount of trace elements for feeding agricultural plants.

There is also a method of obtaining complex micronutrient fertilizers, including processing the ground metallurgical slag containing silicon oxide with spent solutions of ferrous metals etching with stirring, followed by drying and granulation of the finished product, in which the processing of basic metallurgical slag is carried out with spent solutions of ferrous metals etching containing hydrofluoric acid the mass ratio of silicon oxide to hydrofluoric acid 1: (0.3-0.4) and T: W = 1: 3, and the drying of the reaction mass is ut at 180-200 ° C (RU, patent №2034819 C1, IPC ⁶ C 05 D 9/02, C 05 G 3/04.

A method of obtaining complex micronutrient fertilizers / T.N. Eliseeva, V.A. Eliseeva (RU). - Application No. 5040753/26; Stated April 29, 1992; Publ. 05/10/1995, Bull. No. 13).

The described method has limited functionality, low productivity, energy-intensive, the cyclical process and requires expensive special technological equipment.

The essence of the claimed invention.

The problem to which the claimed invention is directed is the utilization of pickling solutions, increasing the reclamation and insectofungicidal properties of phosphate-based fertilizers.

The technical result is a reduction in the cost of fertilizer.

The specified technical result is achieved by the fact that in the known method for producing fertilizer from spent solutions of ferrous metal pickling, including drying the finished product, according to the invention, the spent sulfuric acid pickling solution and ground phosphorite flour containing trace elements are mixed at a mass ratio of 1: 0.5, and the mixture is added to a homogeneous mass perlite sand in an amount of 20 ... 50% by weight of the mixture, the components are stirred for 0.5 ... 0.75 hours, and the reaction mass is dried at a temperature of 110 ... 130 ° C.

Information confirming the possibility of implementing the claimed invention are as follows.

A method for producing the claimed complex fertilizer from spent sulfuric acid solutions for the etching of ferrous metals at the final stage involves drying the finished product. The spent sulfuric acid pickling solution and ground phosphate rock are mixed in a mass ratio of 1: 0.5. The content and chemical composition of phosphorites mined in the Trekhostrovsky deposit in%: silica 47.33; alumina 5.44; iron oxide 6.55; calcium oxide 17.40; magnesium oxide 1.43; sulfur oxide 0.63; P ₂ O ₅ 9.03; insoluble residue 50.85; water 1.95. The composition of the spent sulfuric acid pickling solution in%: H ₂ SO ₄ - 14.0; FeSO ₄ 22.8; Zn 0.02; Ni is 0.02; Cu 0.03. In the resulting homogeneous mass with a temperature of 60 ... 80 ° C add perlite sand in an amount of 20 ... 50% by weight of the mixture. Perlite is an acidic water-containing volcanic glass with a fine concentric-shell separate. The mass of perlite breaks into small balls with a pearl sheen. Ground perlite, when heated to 900 ... 1100 ° C, swells and increases in volume by 10 ... 20 times, forming perlite sand. When perlite sand is mixed for 0.5 ... 0.75 hours with components of complex fertilizer, granules with a diameter of 4 ... 6 mm are formed. The formation of granules from the reaction mass is carried out by drying at a mass temperature in the range of 110 ... 130 ° C.

The moisture content of the obtained product after cooling is 5-8%. The resulting fertilizer has the following composition%: superphosphate up to 18; calcium 20-25; sand 22-25; the content of water soluble salts and trace elements 20-25; the rest is ballast. Macronutrients in the proposed fertilizer - in the form of sulfates and oxides. Perlite sand added to the fertilizer gives it ameliorating and insectofungicidal properties. The product is well granulated due to perlite sand, which is the core of the granule. The cost of fertilizer is reduced due to the disposal of pickling solutions, the use of local raw materials and the reduction of energy costs for the process.

Claims (1)

A method of producing fertilizer from spent solutions of ferrous metal pickling, including drying the finished product, characterized in that the spent sulfur-acid pickling solution containing micronutrients and ground phosphate rock are mixed in a mass ratio of 1: 0.5, perlite sand is added to the homogeneous mass in an amount of 20 ÷ 50% by weight of the mixture, the components are mixed for 0.5 ÷ 0.75 hours, and the reaction mass is dried at a temperature of 110 ÷ 130 ° C.