RU2276107C2 - Installation and the method of reprocessing of the liquid slimes - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: oil processing industry; installations and the methods of reprocessing of the liquid limes.

SUBSTANCE: the invention is pertaining to the field of oil processing industry, in particular, to the installations and the methods of reprocessing of the liquid petroleum limes. Clearing process is conducted in three stages. The first stage is realized by feeding of the heated slime on the screen shaker and separation of the mechanical impurities with the dimension of more than 015 mm. The second stage is realized by feeding of the slime cleared from the large fractions onto the sand separator (hydrocyclone) and separation of the mechanical impurities with the dimension of more than 0.05 mm. The third stage is conducted by feeding of the petroleum-keeping liquid onto the slime separator (hydrocyclone) and separation of the mechanical impurities with the dimensions of more than 0.03 mm. Depending on the level of pollution the cleaning is conducted in one, two and more cycles. The installation contains the collecting and settling tanks with the tubular steam registers. The block of cleaning includes the screen shaker, the sand separator, the slime separator. The technical result of the invention consists in the increased efficiency and effectiveness of the reprocessing of the slimes.

EFFECT: the invention ensures the increased efficiency and effectiveness of the reprocessing of the slimes.

3 cl, 1 dwg

Description

The invention relates to the refining industry, in particular to installations and methods for processing liquid sludge.

Known industrial plant company FLOTTWEG, designed for the processing of liquid sludge (flyer company FLOTTWEG). The installation contains a suction device, heat exchangers, a receiving tank with steam heaters, coarse filters, pumps, decanters, an intermediate tank for heating an oil-containing liquid before separation, separators, a tank for collecting waste water, a settling tank for refined oil. The method includes heating the oil sludge to a temperature of 60-70 ° C using steam heaters with the direct injection of part of the steam, forcing the sludge to be mixed in the receiving tank, supplying heated sludge to the coarse filter and separating large mechanical impurities, centrifuging with the conclusion of mechanical impurities, further heating up to a temperature of 90-98 ° С, three-stage separation with the conclusion of the oil, water and water-sludge phases, the subsequent sedimentation of the oil phase and its return to the oil processing tanks a processing plant.

The main purpose of the known installation is the separation of oil from a fresh trap oil product. The use of the installation in the processing of sludge with a high content of mechanical impurities, as well as oil sludge for long-term storage, is not effective enough. As practice shows, centrifugation shows increased wear of the inner cavity of the drum and screws of the screw due to the ingress of abrasive and other solid solids into the decanter.

The objective of the present invention is to develop a new system for cleaning oily liquids from mechanical impurities, which allows to increase the efficiency and effectiveness of the processing process, to expand the range of application of the installation, including the treatment of sludges with a high content of mechanical impurities.

This is the technical result.

The technical result is achieved by the fact that the installation contains a receiving tank with steam heaters or registers inside, a unit for cleaning oil containing liquids from mechanical impurities, pumps, a settling tank for refined oil, according to the invention, the settling tank is equipped with steam registers, the cleaning unit includes a vibrating screen with a mesh cell, preferably not more than 0.16 mm, the first intermediate tank for the drain of oily liquid, sand separator (hydrocyclone) with the possibility of separation of mechanical impurities size m more than 0.05 mm, a second intermediate container for draining fluid neftesoderzhashey, desilter (hydrocyclone), with separation of impurities larger than 0.03 mm, one or more containers for the collection of mechanical impurities. In addition, the receiving tank has a mesh box or mesh with a mesh of not more than 25 mm and a lid. Additionally, the installation has a distribution manifold and is equipped with storage tanks.

A method of processing liquid oil sludge includes heating oil sludge using steam heaters or registers to a temperature of preferably 70 ° C or more, purifying the oil-containing liquid from mechanical impurities, then settling the oil phase and returning it to the feed tanks of the oil refinery for processing, according to the invention, sedimenting the oil phase carried out at a temperature of preferably 40-60 ° C, the cleaning is carried out in three stages, while the first cleaning step is carried out by supplying heated sludge n a vibrating screen and separating mechanical impurities larger than 0.15 mm, the second stage — by feeding sludge purified from large fractions to a sand separator (hydrocyclone) and separating mechanical impurities larger than 0.05 mm, the third stage — by feeding an oily liquid to a sludge separator (hydrocyclone) and separation of mechanical impurities larger than 0.03 mm, and depending on the degree of contamination, cleaning is carried out in one, two or more cycles. In addition, before heating, the original oil sludge is filtered through a mesh installed above the receiving tank, and mechanical impurities larger than 25 mm are separated.

The drawing shows the installation diagram.

The installation comprises a block for receiving and heating oil sludge 1, a block for cleaning 2, a pump block 3, a block for receiving tanks of purified NSJ 4.

The capacity for receiving and heating the initial sludge 5 is provided inside with tubular steam registers (not shown in the drawing) and has a volume of 40 m ³ . Capacity 5 has a mesh box, lids and is equipped with a thermometer with a rod-holder (not shown in the drawing). The cleaning unit 2 includes a vibrating screen 6 with a drain 7 and a container 8 for collecting separated impurities; an intermediate container 9 for collecting oily liquid after cleaning on a vibrating screen 6; sand separator (hydrocyclone) 10; the second intermediate tank 11; desilter (hydrocyclone) 12; pumps 13 and 14. The block of supply tanks 4 includes a distribution manifold (not shown in the drawing), settling tank 15 with steam registers inside, storage tanks 16.

The operation of the device and method are as follows.

Liquid oil sludge is delivered to the installation by vacuum machines from emergency oil spills or places of temporary storage of collected oil sludge. Vacuum machines enter the overpass and pour the contents into the mesh box of the receiving tank 5. Fragments of mechanical impurities larger than 25 mm are retained on the mesh of the box. Filling the container 5 is carried out to a level of not more than 10 cm from the upper edge, after which the container 5 is closed with covers. The sludge received in the receiving tank 5 is heated for several hours through the registers with saturated steam to a temperature of 70 ° C or more. The temperature control of heating oil sludge is carried out using a thermometer. During the warm-up period, to ensure maximum steam supply to the receiving tank 5, the steam supply to other units of the installation is blocked.

The sludge heated to the pumped state from the receiving tank 5 is pumped to the lower grid with a 0.16 mm mesh vibrating screen 6 (BC1). Oil sludge supply is regulated by a valve on the pressure pipe of the pump in such a way that there is no removal of the liquid flow beyond the mesh of the vibrating screen 6. On the vibrating screen 6, mechanical impurities are separated by a size of more than 0.15 mm, which are discharged into the container 8 located under vibrating screen.

Purified from coarse fractions of mechanical impurities, the NSW, passing through the mesh cells, flows into an intermediate tank 9 with a volume of 8 m ³ , from where it is fed by a slurry pump 13 to the hydrocyclones of the sand separator 10 (PG-50), where the second stage of purification takes place and particles of mechanical impurities with a diameter up to 50 microns. Purified by the sand separator 10, the LWG enters the second intermediate tank 11 with a volume of 8 m ³ , from where the slurry pump 14 is fed to the hydrocyclones of the sludge separator 12 (IG-15), where the third stage of purification takes place and particles of solids with a diameter of up to 30 μm are separated. The NSW cleaned on the sludge separator 12 enters through the pipeline to the distribution manifold and then to the settling tank 15. Throughout the entire cycle, the NSW maintains a visco-plastic state due to the high-speed operation mode of the cleaning unit and does not require additional heating. Particles of mechanical impurities separated by centrifugal forces from the sand separator 10 and sludge separator 12 fall on the upper grid of the vibrating screen 6 with a mesh size of 0.04 mm and are discharged into the container 8. As they accumulate, contaminated mechanical impurities are fed to the soil, soil and oil sludge treatment unit (application No. 2003119697).

From the settling tank 15, sampling of the NLW is carried out for the physicochemical analysis. Depending on the contamination of the original liquid sludge, its treatment is carried out in one, two or three cycles. For repeated cleaning, the hot slurry pump with a slurry pump 18 is transferred from the settling tank 15 to the tank 9 of the cleaning unit and the cleaning cycle is repeated thereafter, as described above. The oil-containing liquid entering the second cleaning has a temperature of about 60 ° C due to heating in the tank 15.

After filling the settling tank 15, the oily liquid, when heated to 40-60 ° C, is sedimented in the statistical mode for 8 hours. During this time, there is a separation into the aqueous, oil phases and the remaining mechanical impurities. Separated as a result of sludge, water from the settling tank 15 is discharged into the pit through the drainage collector. The settled oil phase from the sludge tank 15 is either directly pumped through the intake manifold by a piston pump 17 to the oil reservoirs of the refinery or to the storage tanks 16. As oil accumulates from the reservoirs 16, it is pumped through the intake manifold to the raw materials of the oil refinery by the piston pump 18.

Periodically, but not less than 1 time in 2 weeks, the tanks are mechanically cleaned of sediment from tanks 5, 15 and, if necessary, tanks 16, as well as tanks 9, 11 of the cleaning unit, for which drainage valves 19 for drainage are provided in the tanks sediment in the pit. The installation has been successfully used at the Usinsk field. The volume of liquid sludge processing is 36,000 tons / year.

Claims (3)

1. Installation for processing liquid oil sludge, containing a receiving tank with steam heaters or registers inside, a unit for cleaning oil-containing liquids from mechanical impurities, pumps, valves, a settling tank for refined oil, characterized in that the installation is additionally equipped with a drainage collector for draining the aqueous phase from settling tank, the settling tank is equipped with steam registers, the cleaning unit includes a vibrating screen with a drain and a mesh cell of not more than 0.16 mm, the first intermediate tank for the drain water, a sand separator with the possibility of separating solids of more than 0.05 mm in size, a second intermediate tank for draining oil-containing liquids, a sludge separator with the possibility of separating impurities of more than 0.03 mm, a container for collecting contaminated mechanical impurities, while the receiving tank is equipped with a lid for acceleration the heating process, a mesh box for separating solids of more than 25 mm and a thermometer with a rod-holder, the vibrating screen has an upper mesh with a cell of not more than 0.04 mm for additional cleaning mechanical impurities coming from the sand separator and sludge separator discharged into a container mounted under a vibrating screen, the steam registers in the receiving tank are made tubular, the tanks are equipped with drainage valves to drain the sediment. 2. Installation according to claim 1, characterized in that the installation is additionally equipped with consumable containers. 3. A method of processing liquid oil sludge, including heating oil sludge using steam heaters or registers to a temperature of preferably 70 ° C or more, cleaning the oil-containing liquid from mechanical impurities, subsequent sedimentation of the oil phase and returning it to the feed tanks of the oil refinery for processing, characterized in that the sludge of the oil phase is carried out at a temperature of preferably 40-60 ° C, the cleaning is carried out in three stages, while the first cleaning step is carried out by supplying heated sludge AMA on a vibrating screen and separating solids larger than 0.15 mm, the second stage — by feeding sludge purified from large fractions to a sand separator and separating solids greater than 0.05 mm, the third stage — by feeding an oil-containing liquid to a sludge separator and separating solids more than 0.03 mm in size, and before heating, the initial oil sludge is additionally filtered through a mesh installed above the receiving tank, and mechanical impurities larger than 25 mm are separated, heating is carried out with the container closed with the steam supply shut off to other units of the installation, at the end of the cleaning cycle, samples are taken for analysis and, depending on the degree of contamination, they are refined by sequentially supplying hot oily liquid to the sand separator and desilter.