RU2267266C2 - Fish spawning apparatus - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: fishery, in particular, rearing of river and lake fish, preferably of whitefish kind.

SUBSTANCE: apparatus has tank adapted for holding and spawning of producers and placed within tank for collecting of impregnated spawn. Impregnated spawn collecting tank is made from fine-mesh caprone net formed as parallelepiped oriented downward with its apex and is equipped with dividing sides arranged in the vicinity of pyramid base and spawn collecting metal container (pyramid apex). Both tanks are attached with their top parts to pontoons with space between tanks. Circulation of water in tanks is enabled by providing small-sized flow former and flow generator near one of internal walls of netted tank. Spawn collector is secured on additional pontoons and is equipped with tilting mechanism. Water circulation is also enabled by using flow former made as concave plate which is fixed in one of spawning and producer holding tank corners. Flow former is disposed near end edge of flow generator.

EFFECT: increased efficiency of apparatus owing to reduced spawn losses during fish spawning, reduced minimal depth at site of positioning of apparatus, wider range of usage due to the possibility of employing apparatus for fish spawning in standing water as well as in flow.

2 cl, 1 dwg

Description

The invention relates to fish farming and can be used for breeding both river and lake fish, mainly whitefish.

A device for spawning fish in stagnant water is known, consisting of a tank for keeping fish, a collection of fertilized eggs, a channel with rotary leaves, a caviar store and a water supply system (SU 1187770 A 01 K 61/00).

For the delivery and placement of all this equipment (water tank, large-diameter pipes, rectangular channel) to fish hatches, large material and labor costs are required. And to create a supply of water in a tank with a centrifugal pump - energy costs. Thus, the device is complex and inefficient to use.

The closest in technical essence and the achieved result is a device for spawning fish (taken as a prototype), consisting of a mesh container for keeping and spawning of producers, located under it a collection of fertilized eggs, made in the form of a pyramid, facing down. At the top of the pyramid, longitudinal and transverse partitions are installed, forming channels for the passage of eggs. The caviar accumulator is equipped with a mesh cassette, a non-return valve and a valve for discharging water, and the means for connecting the collector to the accumulator is a flexible hose, one end of which is connected to the top of the pyramid (SU 1398784 A1 A 01 K 61/00).

This device also has a number of significant drawbacks: large dimensions in height, the presence in the collection of caviar channels that unnecessarily complicate the design, loss of caviar during spawning, and the inability to use rheophilic fish for spawning.

The technical result from the use of the invention is to increase the efficiency of the device by eliminating the loss of eggs during spawning of fish, to reduce the minimum depth at the place of its placement, as well as to expand the scope due to the use of the device for fish spawning both in still water and flow.

This is achieved by the fact that in the device for spawning fish, including a net cage for keeping and spawning of producers, a collection of fertilized eggs having the shape of a pyramid facing upside down, a caviar accumulator with a check valve and means for connecting the collection to the accumulator, according to the invention, a keeping cage and spawning of producers placed inside the cage - a collection of fertilized eggs, the latter is made of fine nylon mesh, has lobes to improve water exchange (at the base of the pyramid) and metal a container for collecting caviar (the top of the pyramid), both cages with their upper parts are attached to the pontoons with a gap between each other, while to create a circular movement of water at one of the inner walls of the net cage, a small flow former and flow former are installed, and the caviar accumulator is mounted on additional pontoons and equipped with a tipping mechanism. The technical result is also achieved by the fact that the flow former is made in the form of a concave plate and is fixed in one of the corners of the cage for spawning and keeping the producers, and the flow former is installed at the end edge of the flow former.

The drawing schematically shows the proposed device.

The device includes a cage for spawning and keeping of producers 1, made of a shared canvas, a cage for collecting fertilized eggs 2 with a shared side 3 and a capacity for collecting caviar 4, which simultaneously plays the role of a plumb line and is connected by a hose 10 to the caviar accumulator 5, the latter is equipped with a tipping mechanism ( shaft 6, rod 8 and handle 9). Both cages are attached to the pontoons 7 with a gap of at least 25 cm. The device also includes a flow generator 11, a flow former 12, additional pontoons 13.

The device operates as follows. Fish producers are sent to a shared cage and kept there until maturing of reproductive products and spawning. During the spawning period, fertilized caviar settles on the walls of the cage-roe, made of fine nylon mesh with a mesh of 1 mm, located at an angle of 45 ° to the vertical. Under the influence of gravity, the roe moves along the walls to the egg collector. Here it accumulates and swells. Pumping of caviar from the eggs collector occurs at the moment of immersion in the water of the caviar intended for this drive. The caviar accumulator is deepened in such a way that water does not enter it over the edge. At the same time, water together with caviar, according to the principle of connecting vessels, begins to enter the caviar collector through a hose connected to the caviar collector with the non-return valve open. Raising the handle of water filled to a certain level, the caviar accumulator is poured out of it. Then, the container is again lowered into water and the cycle is repeated until caviar ceases. The flow former is included in the work during the period of spawning activity of the producers.

The device was tested in 2002 at the Rykhtynya fish breeding point (Lyapin River, Khanty-Mansi Autonomous Area). Experience has shown that collecting caviar using this device can significantly increase labor productivity. For example, during its operation, the maximum daily harvest (13.8 million eggs of peled) was carried out by two fish farmers in one hour. It takes about 5 for five fish farmers to collect the same amount of peled caviar according to the usual technology, including the bulkhead of producers in cages at negative air temperature.

Experiments with the use of a flow former in the device showed that with a daily creation of an artificial flow of 0.2 m / s for 4.5 during spawning activity of producers, it allows to increase caviar collection from each female by 14% and increase fertility by 8% compared to collecting caviar without flow.

The materials of which the proposed device is made, del and kapron mesh, i.e. the main part of the structure does not have rigid elements, which is important during transportation, installation and dismantling of the device at far distant fish breeding points.

Claims (2)

1. A device for spawning fish, including a net cage for keeping and spawning of producers, a collection of fertilized eggs having the shape of a pyramid facing upside down, a caviar accumulator with a check valve and means for connecting the collection to the accumulator, characterized in that the cage for keeping and spawning of producers placed inside the cage-collection of fertilized eggs, the latter is made of fine nylon mesh, has lobes (at the base of the pyramid) and a metal container for collecting eggs (top of the pyramid), both garden and upper portions are attached to the pontoons with a gap between them, thus to create a circular motion of the water in cages at one of the inner walls of the mesh of the cage is set smaller flow and flow-shaper and drive eggs fortified extra pontoons and tilting mechanism is provided. 2. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that the flow former is made in the form of a concave plate and is fixed in one of the corners of the cage for spawning and keeping the producers, and the flow former is installed at the end edge of the flow former.