RU2266028C1 - Machine for debarking of fruit, preferably, pumpkin - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: agricultural engineering and food-processing industry, in particular, equipment for processing of hard-bark cucurbitaceous crops, including pumpkin fruit.

SUBSTANCE: machine has frame, hopper, drive drum with brushes, additional brush, conveyor for debarked fruits and conveyor for separated bark. Machine is further equipped with rubberized roll and separator formed as truncated conical drum, said roll and truncated conical drum being arranged laterally of drive drum. Axes of rotation of drive drum, rubberized roll and upper generatrix surface of truncated conical drum are extending in parallel with respect to one another. Rods arranged at equal angular pitch on conical drum surface are reinforced with elastic material. Conical drum has debarked fruit ejector. Additional brush is made in the form of pair of rolls rotating in opposite directions and equipped with flexible members is located above drive drum, rubberized roll and conical drum. Additional brush is positioned for displacement in vertical and horizontal planes. Axes of rotation of additional brush rolls intersect with axes of rotation of conical drum and rubberized roll. Fruit feeding chute is disposed above additional brush. Rolls of additional brush rotating in opposite directions are mutually connected through synchronizing brush. Additional brush is provided with individual electric drive. Rubberized roll, conical drum and drive drum are kinematically connected with each other and provided with individual electric drive. Electric drives are electrically connected to power frequency voltage mains having voltage of 380 V and frequency of 50 Hz through frequency converters for continuous controlling of angular velocities of drive shafts.

EFFECT: increased efficiency by providing complete removal of bark from fruit flesh of hard bark pumpkin fruit.

2 dwg

Description

The invention relates to agricultural machinery and can be used in the food industry for processing fruits of melons, in particular durum fruits, including and pumpkins.

A known machine for extracting seeds from the fruits of melons, including a frame, a drive, a loading hopper, a knife and a locking mechanism, the latter is made in the form of two conveyors mounted on top of each other with a gap decreasing in the direction of movement of the fruit, and the working branch of the upper conveyor is spring loaded, and the lower conveyor is made of rods, and under its upper branch, a water supply unit is installed in the form of a slit adjustment (SU, copyright certificate No. 1708258, class A 23 N 4/12. A machine for separating seeds and fruit melons / Tseplyaev AN Shaprov MN Boromensky VP (USSR) - Stated 19.12.1989;. Posted 30.01.1992).

The disadvantages of the described machine include limited functionality.

A seed separator is also known, mainly from pumpkin fruits, including a frame, a drive, a loading hopper, a knife with a guiding device, a locking mechanism containing lower and upper conveyors, and a water supply unit, and a water flow control mechanism is installed in the pipeline in each pipeline leading to the nozzle , while the above mechanism is connected via a lever system with a copy roller mounted on the upper conveyor (RU, patent No. 2220629, class A 23 N 4/24. Seed separator mainly from pumpkin fruit / Chain ev A.N., Shaprov M.N., Abezin V.T., Sedov A.V., Saldaev A.M. (RU) .- Claimed 02.29.2002; Published 10.01.2004).

The described seed separator has a low productivity.

A device is known for removing peel from the surface of melons and root crops containing a frame, a hopper, a drive drum with brushes on the inner surface and an additional brush installed in the drum cavity parallel to its axis of rotation, each of which is formed by a package of elements in the form of segments of a metal multicore rope installed with the possibility of changing the length of the working sections in a pipe parallel to the axis of rotation of the drum with a longitudinal slot forming a cylindrical recess for I limit the working length of the blade by a flexible element retainer, alternating rigid pressure washers and cylindrical bushings made of elastic material and interconnected by means of a stud with nuts on its threaded ends, while the diameter of the pressure washers is smaller than the inner diameter of the cylindrical recess, the conveyor of the peeled fruit and the conveyor separated peel, in which each main brush is installed with the possibility of changing the angle of inclination to the radial plane of the drum and equipped with a mechanism for changing it led ranks, wherein the mechanism is called in the form of discs placed at the ends of the tube with a longitudinal slot and provided with arc-shaped grooves, whereby the brush is fixed on the drum; the adjustable value of the angle of inclination of the main brush to the diametrical plane of the drum is made within ± 40 °; distance bushings are placed at the ends of the studs in the pipe cavity (RU, patent No. 2221465, class A 23 N 7/00. Device for removing peels from the surface of melons and root crops / Tseplyaev AN, Shaprov MN, Abezin V.G., Karpunin V.V., Saldaev AM (RU) .- Claimed 02/08/2002; Published 01/20/2004).

The described design of the device for removing the peel from the surface of the fruit of melons when removing the bark from hard-bred pumpkin varieties has low technical and operational reliability.

The essence of the claimed invention is as follows

The problem to which the invention is directed is to improve the quality of purification of hard-boiled pumpkin fruits.

The technical result is an increase in technical and operational reliability.

The specified technical result is achieved by the fact that in the known machine for removing bark from fruits, mainly pumpkins containing a frame, a hopper, a drive drum with brushes, an additional brush, a conveyor for peeled fruit and a conveyor for the separated bark, according to the invention, it is provided arranged on the sides of the drive drum, rubberized roller and a separator in the form of a truncated conical drum, the axis of rotation of the drive drum, a rubberized roller and the upper surface forming a truncated conical drum allelic, on the surface of a truncated conical drum with equal angular pitch placed rods reinforced with elastic material and a fruit pusher, an additional brush installed under the receiving tray, equipped with vertical and horizontal displacements, in the form of a pair of counter-rotating rollers with brushes made of elastic elements placed above the lower drive drum rubberized roll and separator, while the axis of rotation of the rollers of the additional brush to the axis of rotation of the drum and the roll are made crossing Isya, oppositely rotating rolls additional brushes interconnected synchronizes transmission actuator have seperate equally kinematically linked rubber coated roll, a separator and a driving drum provided with an individual electric drive electrically connected to the commercial power supply by means of frequency converters for infinitely variable angular velocities of the drive shaft.

The invention is illustrated by drawings.

Figure 1 schematically shows a machine for removing bark from fruits, mainly pumpkins, side view.

In Fig.2 is a section aa in Fig.1, a transverse vertical section of a rubberized cylindrical roller, a brush drive drum and a cone drum and the position above it of horizontally mounted drums of the upper tier of the additional brush with the tray.

Information confirming the possibility of implementing the claimed invention are as follows.

A machine for removing bark from fruits, mainly pumpkins, comprises a frame 1, a hopper connected by a tray 2 to a frame 1, a drive drum 3 with brushes 4, an additional brush 5, a conveyor 6 for peeled fruits and a conveyor 7 for the separated bark.

The machine is equipped with a rubberized roller 8 and a separator 9 in the form of a truncated conical drum placed on the sides of the drive drum 3 with brushes 4. The axis of rotation of the drive drum 3 with brushes 4, a rubberized roller 8 and the upper forming 10 of the surface of the truncated conical drum of the separator 9 are made parallel. On the surface of the truncated conical drum as a separator 9 with equal angular pitch placed reinforced with elastic material rods 11.

An additional brush 5 in the form of a pair of counter-rotating rollers with elastic elements 12 is placed above the lower drive drum 3, a rubberized roller 8 and a separator 9. The axes of rotation of the rollers of the additional brush 5 relative to the axes of rotation of the drum 3 and the roller 8 are made intersecting.

The counter-rotating rollers of the additional brush 5 are mutually connected by a synchronizing gear. An additional brush 5 has an individual electric drive in the form of a single-stage gear motor.

Kinematically connected rubberized roller 8, the separator 9 and the drive drum 3 with brushes 4 are equipped with an individual electric drive in the form of a gear motor. The electric motors of the gearmotors are connected to an industrial electric power supply network with a voltage of 380 V and a phase frequency of 50 Hz by means of frequency conversions for stepless changes in the angular speeds of the drive shafts.

The conveyor 6 of the peeled fruit with the frame 1 of the machine is connected by a tray 11. The conveyor 7 of the separated bark is installed in the frame 1 under the drive drum 3, the roller 8 and the separator 9 and is equipped with shields 13.

The tray 2 is installed above the additional brush 5. The additional brush 5 in the form of counter-rotating rollers is provided with the possibility of horizontal displacement due to the pairwise made grooves 14 and 15 and vertical displacement due to the grooves 16 and 17. The truncated conical drum of the separator 9 is equipped with a pusher 18 of the fruits 19. The pusher 18 is made of an unequal corner.

A machine for removing bark from fruits, mainly pumpkins, works as follows.

The pumpkins pre-sorted to the average size of the fruit 19 from the hopper through the tray 2 enter the space between the counter-rotating rollers of the additional brush 5 mounted above the rubberized roller 8, the separator 9 and the drive drum 3 with a brush 4. The directions of rotation of the drive shafts of the described working bodies are shown by arrows on figure 1 and 2. The fruit of the pumpkin 19, placed on a rotating rubberized roller 8, is fed to the reinforced rods 11 of the separator 9. Reinforced rods 11, the fruit 19 periodically rises from the drive drum 3 in the direction of the brush 5 and further descends to the brushes 4 of the driving drum 3. Furthermore coordinated movement due to significant difference of circumferential velocities of bars 11 of the separator 9 is attached to the fetus 19 pumpkin rotational movement around the symmetry axis. Counter-rotating rollers with elastic elements 12 of an additional brush 5 remove the bark from the fruit 19 from the end surfaces, and the brushes 4 of the drive drum 3 from the outer surface of the fruit 19. The peeled fruit 19 from the surface of the rubberized roll 8 by the pusher 18 of the separator 9 is sent to the conveyor 6. Separated bark from the surface of the pumpkin fruit 19, the shields 13 are directed to the surface of the conveyor 7 and removed from the cavity of the frame 1.

Thus, the cortex is removed from the surface of the fetus 19. The described set of installed working bodies and their rotation with the working elements ensure the achievement of the goal.

Frequency converters in electric drives and a pair of grooves 14-17 in frame 1 for reinstalling an additional brush 5 allows you to configure the machine to remove bark and other fruits of melons in a wide range. This achieves the expansion of the functionality of the claimed machine.

Claims (1)

A machine for removing bark from fruits, mainly pumpkins, containing a frame, a hopper, a drive drum with brushes, an additional brush, a conveyor for peeled fruit and a conveyor for the separated bark, characterized in that it is equipped with a rubberized roller and a separator placed on the sides of the drive drum with brushes in the form truncated conical drum, axis of rotation of the drive drum, rubberized roll and the upper forming surface of the truncated cone drum are made parallel on the surface of the truncated conical drum and with equal angular pitch, rods and a fruit pusher reinforced with elastic material are placed, and an additional brush with the possibility of vertical and horizontal displacement, in the form of a pair of counter-rotating rollers with elastic elements, is placed above the drive drum, rubberized roller and cone drum, while the axis of rotation of the rollers additional brushes to the axes of rotation of the conical drum and the roll are made intersecting, and counter-rotating rollers of the additional brush, mutually connected synchronize They have an individual electric drive, in addition, kinematically connected rubberized roller, a cone drum and a drive drum are equipped with an individual electric drive and are electrically connected to the industrial power supply via frequency converters for continuously variable angular velocities of the drive shafts.

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