RU2265452C2 - Method for vaccine prophylaxis against diphtheria and titanus in adults at the far north - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: medicine, infectology.

SUBSTANCE: the present innovation deals with preventing different infectious diseases. For this purpose it is necessary to carry out vaccination with diphtheria, tetanus toxoids and pertussis vaccine for adults, moreover, it is necessary to form the groups of people who leaves the Far North and those who arrives there. Leaving groups should be vaccinated about 50 d before departure, not later, and arriving group about 80d after arrival, not earlier. The innovation enables to increase efficiency of vaccine prophylaxis of diphtheria and titanus due to body adaptation to sharply altering climatic conditions.

EFFECT: higher efficiency of vaccine prophylaxis.

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Description

The invention relates to medicine and can be used for vaccination against diphtheria and tetanus during the adaptation of the adult population to the conditions of the Far North.

For vaccine prophylaxis of the adult population, a method of vaccination with ADS-m toxoid in the adult population is used, which involves the administration of this toxoid 10 years after the last vaccination against diphtheria and tetanus [Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation. The new calendar of vaccinations in Russia. Order No. 229. - M., 06/27/2001].

The above method of vaccination with ADS-m toxoid is used throughout the Russian Federation, which includes regions with different climatic conditions, including the Far North. In the conditions of the Far North, a large number of residents live, who, during the holidays and business trips, travel to other, warmer regions. In the adult population, who arrived in the Far North from middle latitudes, adaptation processes take a long time, sometimes throughout their lives. The disadvantage is that in the Far North, the entire population is vaccinated, regardless of the length of the period of time, both before departure and after it has arrived in the Far North from other regions. Changing the region of residence, even temporary, leads to disruption of the process of adaptation of the human body to the conditions of the Far North. It also does not take into account the fact that in the body of those vaccinated in the Far North, the formation of immunity takes a longer time than in mid-latitudes, where 21-30 days are enough. These factors reduce the effectiveness of vaccination.

In addition, the known method requires significant material and personnel costs.

The objective of the present invention is to increase the efficiency of the method of vaccination of diphtheria and tetanus among the adult population of the Far North and reduce the cost of its implementation.

The essence of the invention lies in the fact that in the method for the vaccination of diphtheria and tetanus for adults in the Far North, which consists in the administration of ADS-m toxoid every 10 years after the last vaccination, according to the invention, a group of people leaving the Far North is formed and vaccinated no later than than 50 days before departure, and form a group of returnees and vaccinate them no earlier than 80 days after arrival in the regions of the Far North from other climatic zones.

The method of vaccine prophylaxis of diphtheria and tetanus allows you to create favorable conditions for the formation of adaptation processes that occur in the human body when changing latitudinal belts, to increase the effectiveness of vaccination of adults in the Far North.

The method is as follows.

When scheduling vaccines against diphtheria and tetanus, residents of the Far North vaccinated 10 or more years ago collect data on the timing of their likely departure to other climatic zones and return. Form a group of departing and a group of returnees subject to vaccination. Members of the group of people traveling are given ADS-m toxoid no later than 50 days before departure to other climatic zones. After returning to the Far North, returnee groups are given ADS-m toxoid no earlier than 80 days later.

Example 1. Levchenko I. (age 38 years). The last vaccination with ADS-m toxoid was made 19 years ago. Included in the group of travelers. Vaccinated with ADS-m toxoid 30 days before departure from the Far North region. After 12 months, anti-diphtheria, tetanus antitoxins were determined in titers of 1:10 and 1:10 (seronegative).

Example 2. Isakov A. (age 26 years). The last vaccination with ADS-m toxoid was made 10 years ago. Included in the group of travelers. Vaccinated with ADS-m toxoid 40 days before departure from the Far North region. After 12 months, anti-diphtheria and tetanus antitoxins were determined in titers 1: 640 and 1: 1280.

Example 3. Sherkhonova S. (age 43 years). The last vaccination with ADS-m toxoid was made 22 years ago. Included in the group of travelers. Vaccinated with ADS-m toxoid 50 days before departure from the Far North region. After 12 months, anti-diphtheria, tetanus antitoxins were determined in titers 1: 1280 and 1: 640.

Example 4. Curicin S. (age 44 years). The last DTP-m toxoid vaccine was given 24 years ago. Included in the returning group. Inoculated with ADS-m toxoid 60 days after arrival in the Far North. After 12 months, anti-diphtheria, tetanus antitoxins were determined in titers <1:10, <1:10 (seronegative).

Example 5. Larionov V. (age 52 years). The last DTP-m toxoid vaccine was given 24 years ago. Included in the returning group. Inoculated with ADS-m toxoid 70 days after arrival in the Far North. After 12 months, anti-diphtheria, tetanus antitoxins were determined in titers <1:10 and 1:10 (seronegative).

Example 6. Andreeva R. (age 41 years). The last vaccination with ADS-m toxoid was made 18 years ago. Included in the returning group. Vaccinated with ADS-m toxoid 80 days after arrival in the Far North. After 12 months, anti-diphtheria, tetanus antitoxins were determined in titers 1: 640 and 1: 1280.

In total, in the Far North, according to the proposed method, 618 people were vaccinated with ADS-m toxoid. The most effective vaccine prophylaxis was obtained no later than 50 days before departure and no earlier than 80 days after arrival in the Far North.

The technical result from the use of the proposed method:

- increasing the effectiveness of vaccine prophylaxis of diphtheria and tetanus;

- reduction of material and personnel costs by reducing the season for vaccination and reducing the cost of operating helicopter transport and teams of doctors.

Claims (1)

A method for vaccinating diphtheria and tetanus for adults in the Far North, which consists in administering an toxoid ADS-m every 10 years after the last vaccination, characterized in that they form a group of people leaving the Far North and vaccinate them no later than 50 days before departure, and form a group of returnees and vaccinate them no earlier than 80 days after arrival.