RU2263573C1 - Low-temperature protective agent for wood - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: protective agents for wood.

SUBSTANCE: low-temperature protective agent for wood with bioprotective and fireproofing effect represents an aqueous-alcoholic solution of o-phosphoric acid and silver nitrate in the following ratio of components, wt.-%: o-phosphoric acid, 10-20; silver nitrate, 0.0001-0.0005; aqueous-alcoholic solution, the balance. Low-temperature protective agent for wood can be used in treatment of wood and wood articles at positive, moderate and low temperatures and possesses good wettability and penetrating ability into wood and provides bioprotection and fireproofing.

EFFECT: valuable properties of agent.

3 tbl, 2 ex

Description

The invention relates to protective means for wood.

The main disadvantages of wood are susceptibility to destruction under the action of molds and beetles, as well as combustibility.

To ensure biosecurity of wood, powdery water-soluble mixtures of antiseptic and toxic substances are used. For example, a BBK-3 preparation for wood impregnation, which is a mixture of industrial borax and boric acid, or XXC wood impregnation preparation, which is a mixture of technical zinc chloride and technical sodium dichromate or potassium dichromate.

Organ-soluble preparations are also used. For example, type PL (solutions of pentachlorophenol in light petroleum products) or type NML (solutions of copper naphthenate in light petroleum products). These drugs are highly toxic substances.

For wood fire protection, fireproof coatings (asbestos, metal sheets), fire-resistant putties, paints (for example, Birlik-M flame retardant anticorrosion coating (paint); Korgau fire retardant varnish), and fire-retardant impregnation (impregnation compound “SHIELD 1” are used). according to TU 640RK-38806355TOO-01-99, Pirilaks according to TU 2499-021-24505934-03.

The specified protective agent “Pirilax” is applicable for wood processing at plus, moderate and low ambient temperatures (up to minus 15 ° С).

A disadvantage of the known protective agent “Pirilax” is the duration of the reaction of the composition with wood (15-25 days), only after which the wood can be varnished, painted, enameled. The disadvantages include the toxicity of Pirilax.

Known bio-fire retardant for wood containing phosphorous acid, urea and water (RU 2191111 C1, 2002).

The closest analogue of the proposed protective agent for wood is a fire retardant for wood containing o-phosphoric acid, aqueous ammonia and urea (I.G. Romanenkov, F.A. Levanis. Fire protection of building structures. - M., Stroyizdat, 1991, p .320).

The disadvantages of the known funds are the high viscosity of the composition, which makes it difficult to apply it to wood, especially in winter, and also due to the shallow impregnation in wood, leads to a decrease in the fire and bioprotective properties of wood. In addition, the presence of ammonia in the composition causes irritation of the respiratory system, and also helps to reduce the ecology.

An object of the present invention is to provide a low-temperature and non-toxic wood preservative with enhanced bio and fire retardant properties.

This goal is achieved in that the low-temperature protective agent for wood with bio- and fire-retardant action is an alcohol-water solution of o-phosphoric acid and silver nitrate in the following ratio of components,% wt .:

o-phosphoric acid 10-20 silver nitrate 0.0001-0.0005 alcohol water solution rest

The novelty is the qualitative and quantitative composition of wood preservatives.

Due to its good wetting and penetrating ability (the wetting ability is provided by alcohol), the protective agent quickly penetrates the wood, providing its bio and fire protection. The alcohol-water solution evaporates quickly, so the coloring of wood and products from it can be done 60-120 minutes after treatment with a protective agent.

As alcohol can be used technical (and denatured) methyl, ethyl, propyl, isopropyl and other alcohols, mixtures thereof, as well as alcohol-containing organic mixtures, waste from alcohol production, which are mixtures of organic compounds.

Flame retardant and antiseptic at the same time is o-phosphoric acid; an additional antiseptic is silver nitrate.

The bio- and fire-retardant properties of the low-temperature protective agent for wood are confirmed by the results of tests performed by the Federal State Unitary Enterprise “Senezh Scientific-Production Laboratory for Wood Protection”: relative penetrating ability (according to GOST 27014) - high; according to the classification of bioprotective action (according to GOST 30028.4) - medium effective; by type of fire protection ability (according to GOST 30028.3) - universal action.

Processing of wood with this protective agent can be carried out at plus, moderate and low temperatures. The more ethanol in the protective agent, the lower the temperature, the wood can be treated and the greater the penetrating power of the protective agent.

O-Phosphoric acid does not belong to toxic substances, as evidenced by its use in the production of soft drinks, pharmaceuticals, and for the preparation of feed concentrates.

The bio- and fire-retardant properties of the protective agent are confirmed by the results of tests performed by the Federal State Unitary Enterprise “Senezh Scientific-Production Laboratory of Wood Protection”

Impregnation coefficient and moisture protective properties of the protective agent are shown in table 1.

Table 1 Name of indicator Norm in accordance with GOST 30495-97 Protective Test Results Penetration into wood (impregnation coefficient for absorption, not less) 0.4 1,03

The results of the evaluation of fire retardant action are shown in table 2.

table 2

A drug The average absorption of the flame retardant part, kg / m ³ The average duration of self-burning flame, s The average duration of self-burning by decay, s Type of protective agent Protective
means 75.7 0 5 Universal action The control 0 75 290 -

The results of evaluating the effectiveness of the protective agent in relation to mold and staining fungi (three groups of mushrooms of 9 species in each group) are shown in table 3.

Table 3 Sample Degree of damage (after exposure for n days) to molds and wood-staining fungi I groups II groups Group III n = 5 n = 10 n = 15 n = 5 n = 10 n = 15 n = 5 n = 10 n = 15 Protective agent 5 22 fifty 8 19 49 eleven 28 fifty Control sample thirty 65 90 twenty fifty 75 25 60 90

A protective agent is prepared by mixing the components at room temperature.

Example 1. To prepare 100 g of a protective agent, 89.9999 g (89.9999% by weight) of an alcohol-water solution with an alcohol concentration of 32% vol. Then, 0.0001 g (0.0001% by weight) of silver nitrate and 10 g (10% by weight) of o-phosphoric acid are added to the contents of the flask. The mixture is stirred. The finished product is a homogeneous transparent liquid, applicable for wood processing at temperatures not lower than minus 15 ° C.

Example 2. To prepare 100 g of a protective agent, 79.9995 g of an alcohol-water solution with an alcohol concentration of 37% vol. Is poured into the flask, 0.0005 g of silver nitrate and 20 g of o-phosphoric acid are added. The mixture is stirred. The finished product is a homogeneous transparent liquid, applicable for wood processing at temperatures not lower than minus 20 ° С.

The use of the protective agent according to example 1 or 2 with a concentration of alcohol in an alcohol-water solution other than that indicated in the examples provides the same technical result, but expands or limits the temperature at which wood processing is possible. For example, using in examples 1 and 2 an alcohol-water solution with an alcohol concentration of 15% vol., The protective agent can be used for treating wood at temperatures not lower than minus 10 ° C, and with an alcohol content of 42% vol. - at temperatures not lower than 25 ° C.

The protective agent according to this invention has a good wetting and penetrating ability in wood, provides bio and fire protection of wood and wood products.

Claims (1)

A low-temperature protective agent for wood with bio- and fire-retardant action, characterized in that it is an alcohol-water solution of o-phosphoric acid and silver nitrate in the following ratio of components, wt.%: o-phosphoric acid 10-20 Silver nitrate 0.0001-0.0005 Alcohol solution Rest