RU2421327C1 - Fire-retarding bio-composition "xylostat" - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: chemistry. ^ SUBSTANCE: invention relates to compound-action protective compositions for woods and can be used to protect wooden structures from biocorrosion and fire. The fire-retarding bio-composition contains boric acid, water and monoethanol amine, wit the following ratio of components in wt %: boric acid 5-25, monoethanol amine 5-25, water - the rest. ^ EFFECT: use of the disclosed composition increases adhesion of wood surface to paint materials and doubles water absoption. ^ 2 tbl, 3 ex

Description

The invention relates to protective compositions for wood complex action and can be used to protect wooden structures from biocorrosion and fire, in addition, the composition increases the adhesion of the wood surface to paints and varnishes and coatings and reduces water absorption by 2 times.

Known water-soluble fire-retardant drug BS, consisting of 1 part of boric acid, 1-3 parts of soda and water. Despite the many advantages (BS preparation easily penetrates wood, does not change its color, does not increase the hygroscopicity of the material, does not interfere with subsequent gluing and coloring, practically does not reduce the physical and mechanical properties), it is easily washed out of wood if it is moistened with atmospheric or soil moisture (Lomakin A.D., Protection of wood and wood materials. M.: Lesn. Prom-st, 1990. - 256 p.).

The closest in combination of properties to the proposed invention, i.e. the prototype is a water-soluble preparation of BB, consisting of boric acid N ₃ BO ₃ and sodium tetraborate decahydrate Na ₂ B ₄ O ₇ × 10H ₂ O in a ratio of from 1/1 to 3/2. The drug BB has fungicidal, insecticidal (individual insects, for example, Lyctidae) and fire-retardant effect (Protection of monuments of wooden architecture / S.N. Gorshin, N.A. Maksimenko, E.S. Gorshina. - M .: Nauka, 1992. - 279 p .; Protection of non-metallic building materials from biocorrosion: Textbook / V.D. Skorokhodov, S.I. Shestakova. - M.: Higher school, 2004. - 204 p.).

However, the effectiveness of the drug BB against mold fungi of the genera Penicillium, Trichoderma is small. In addition, despite a number of positive properties (lack of smell, color, hygroscopicity, universality of action, high permeability), the BB preparation has a significant drawback - it is easily washed out when the wood comes in contact with moisture.

The inventive task was to develop a water-soluble fire-retardant composition capable of forming hydrolytically stable chemical bonds with wood components under conditions of mild modification.

This problem is solved by creating the following composition.

Boric acid: monoethanolamine: water = 1: 1: 2 (mass ratio).

When boric acid is mixed with monoethanolamine in an aqueous medium, a chemical interaction occurs between the components (as evidenced by the release of heat and a change in viscosity), leading to the formation of a borate compound, presumably monoethylamine (N → B) borate. The coordination numbers of boron and nitrogen atoms that make up the compound are four.

The previously used boron-containing preparations for wood protection, which include compounds of the three-coordinated boron atom, do not form hydrolytically stable bonds with the wood components, so they are easily washed out of the wood composition by water, without providing long-term protection.

The developed compositions, in contrast to the previously used ones, due to the presence of four-coordination atoms of boron, nitrogen and reactive groups form hydrolytically stable bonds with the components of the wood composite, which provides, according to climatic tests of the tropical research laboratory of the Institute of Ecology of the Russian Academy of Sciences, long-term protection for at least 18 years - this is the essence of the protective action of the composition.

When treating a wood surface with a developed composition with a flow rate of 150 g / m ² , the specific surface of the wood decreases 3 times, water absorption decreases 2 times, the adhesion of wood to coatings increases, and the highest class of biostability is ensured (Table 1). According to the results of fire tests, the developed composition belongs to the second group of fire-retardant efficiency at the indicated flow rate (Table 2).

Table 1
Test results of biostability (GOST 9.048-89) Appearance of samples after testing Score Biostability,% Structure Visually and under a microscope, clean 0 one hundred The control 80-85% of the surface is affected by Aspergillus niger, Aspergillus terreus,
Aureobasidium pullulans, Paecilomyces varioti, Penicillium funiculosum, Penicillium ochro-chloron, Scopulariopsis brevicaulis, Trichoderma viride; wood-destroying mushrooms: Serpula lacrimans, Antrodia sinuosa 5 0

Table 2
Group of flame retardant composition efficiency (GOST 16363-98 (clause 4.2)) Sample No. Sample weight, g Sample weight loss The average weight loss of the sample before processing before burning after burning g % g % one 118.8 123.8 97.7 26.1 21.1 2 116.5 121,4 98.3 23.1 19.0 23,4 19.6 3 107.9 112.5 91.4 21.1 18.8

Example 1. To 25 wt.% Boric acid add 25 wt.% Monoethanolamine and 50 wt.% Water, mix and apply to the surface of the wood.

Example 2. To 15 wt.% Boric acid add 15 wt.% Monoethanolamine and 70 wt.% Water, mix and apply to the surface of the wood.

Example 3. To 5 wt.% Boric acid add 5 wt.% Monoethanolamine and 90 wt.% Water, mix and apply to the surface of the wood.

Claims (1)

Fire-retardant composition comprising boric acid and water, characterized in that monoethanolamine is introduced into it in an equal weight ratio with boric acid in the following ratio of components, wt.%:
boric acid 5-25 monoethanolamine 5-25 water rest