RU2260648C2 - Ice bridge - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: building, particularly to construct temporary roads across lakes and other water obstacles.

SUBSTANCE: ice bridge includes cooling plant, pipelines connected to cooling plant. Pipelines are submersed in water and suspended by wire ropes. Cooling plant has reducers for pressure reduction, 10 MPa gaseous nitrogen cylinders and liquid nitrogen cylinders adapted to fill pipelines with liquid and gaseous nitrogen mixture. The pipelines include several coiled sections or formed as straight and finned pipes. The pipelines are arranged in several rows and extend in vertical or horizontal directions. The pipelines are submersed for 0.1-5 m depth and are connected by wire ropes to balloons floating at water surface or to finned pipes driven in ground of river bottom and connected one to another by diaphragms. The cooling plant provides water freezing within 3-5 km range and obtains ice having thickness of 3 m or more.

EFFECT: increased water freezing rate.

5 dwg

Description

Ice crossing refers to the construction of temporary roads through lakes and various water barriers.

A well-known ice ferry, including a refrigeration unit, smooth pipelines connected via detachable joints made in the form of coils in separate sections and arranged horizontally in several rows and filled with gas, while the pipelines are suspended at a depth due to steel ropes hammered into the bottom of the river (see Patent RU 2125136 C1, 01/20/1999, E 01 H 4/00 - the closest in essence and technical result achieved and patents: RU 2039283 C1, 07/09/1995, E 21 D 9/00 - freezing of water and soil for filing account pipes of pressurized mixture of gaseous and liquid nitrogen; SU 916644 A, E 01 D 15/14, 30.03.1982 - formation of ice due to freezing crossing ice on surfaces of metal installed in the bottom of the river).

The disadvantages of the famous ice crossing are:

- the impossibility of changing the height of the pipe to a different depth so that under the ice layer there is space for the migration of fish and other mollusks;

- small area of the frozen space.

The essence of the invention lies in the fact that smooth pipelines, made in the form of coils in separate sections or rectilinear ribbed, arranged horizontally or vertically in several rows, are suspended to a depth of 0.1-5.0 meters with steel ropes to cylinders floating close to the surface of the water or to pipes with ribs wrapped in hay or straw clogged into the soil of the river bottom or to pipes with membranes along the river.

In the drawings (Figs. 1, 2, 3, 4, 5) the construction of the ice ferry is shown. Figure 1 shows the design of the ice ferry with a horizontal arrangement of pipelines relative to the surface of the water. Figure 2 shows several rows of pipelines with a horizontal position. Figure 3 shows an ice crossing with a vertical arrangement of pipelines (relative to the transverse layer of water) in several rows. Figure 4 shows pipes with ribs clogged to the bottom of the river, and figure 5 shows pipes clogged to the bottom of the river, which are interconnected by membranes.

The ice ferry contains a refrigeration unit, which is equipped with cylinders 1 with gaseous nitrogen at a pressure of 10 MPa, reducers 2 to reduce the pressure to (0.5-10) MPa and cylinders 3 with liquid nitrogen, connected by couplings with smooth pipelines 4 made in the form of coils in separate sections or rectilinear ribbed, arranged horizontally in several rows, pipelines 4 are suspended to a depth of 0.1-5 meters with steel ropes 5 to cylinders 6 floating close to the surface of the water, or to pipes with ribs 7 wrapped in hay and whether straw, clogged in the soil of the bottom, or to pipes interconnected by membranes 8 and located along the river. At the end of the pipe installed valves 9.

Freezing an ice crossing is as follows.

Valves of cylinders 3, 1 are opened (cylinder valves are not shown in Fig. 1) and valves 10, which are located on the left bank of the lake with a closed piping system (Fig. 1), and valve 9 can be located on the right bank of the lake with an open piping system ( 1, an open piping system is not shown). Gaseous nitrogen from the cylinder 1, in the gearbox 2, the gas pressure decreases to 0.5-1.0 MPa, enters the cylinder 3 with liquid nitrogen, and under pressure liquid nitrogen with gaseous nitrogen fill the pipelines. A refrigerant with a temperature of 50 ° C quickly cools the pipelines and water before freezing for a distance of 3-5 km. After filling the pipelines with a refrigerant, the valves close. After a certain period of time, the valves of the cylinders 3, 1 and valves 10 open and a new portion of the refrigerant is supplied. The refrigerant supply continues until the required ice thickness of the ice crossing is formed. Since the design of the pipelines is collapsible, it can be used repeatedly. On small rivers of Siberia and the Far East with a fast flow of water, a place of ice crossing with a slow flow of water is chosen. Clogged pipes with ribs 6, wrapped in hay or straw 7, or pipes with membranes 8 and attached to them a pipeline with a closed cooling system (see figure 1). A refrigerant is supplied through the pipes, which quickly freezes water. Crystallized ice floes are held on the surface of the pipe ribs, straw (hay) or membrane, while accelerating the formation of the ice crossing. To increase the diameter of the pipes, as well as the area of contact with water, it is better to tie them with straw or hay.

In the Far East, the temperature difference between night and day changes sharply, therefore, ice growth on the edges of the pipes and straw (hay), as well as the membrane can quickly occur without the use of a cooling system.

Claims (1)

An ice ferry, including a refrigeration unit, pipelines connected with it, while the pipelines are suspended at a depth using steel ropes, characterized in that the refrigeration unit includes reducers for lowering pressure, cylinders with gaseous nitrogen under a pressure of 10 MPa, and cylinders with liquid nitrogen for filling pipelines with a mixture of liquid and gaseous nitrogen, which are made in the form of coils in separate sections or rectilinear ribbed, are arranged horizontally or vertically in several rows and sheny by means of wire ropes to a depth of 0.1 - 5.0 m to float at the water surface to the cylinders or hammered into the ground of the river bottom ribbed pipes tied straw or hay, or to the pipes connected with each other membranes.

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