RU2260194C2 - Acoustic direction pointer (variants) - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: hydroacoustics.

SUBSTANCE: device has power source, receiving device, device for forming probing pulses, device for control and synchronization, indicator and antenna, and also has receipt converters commutator and indicator element commutator, antenna has emitter of acoustic pulses and three receipt converters, indicator has three columns of vertically positioned indication elements.

EFFECT: higher precision, higher efficiency.

2 cl, 2 dwg

Description

The invention relates to portable, small-sized devices designed to detect a diver and determine with maximum accuracy the spatial position of small underwater objects in the absence of optical visibility, and can be used as a sight for various types of guns for spearfishing.

Hydroacoustic stations (GAS) of various domestic and foreign companies are known, such as: Orcatron Canada, Elac Germany, Helle Great Britain, which produce a wide range of portable hydros for divers, as well as USSR copyright certificate No. 187327 “Hydroacoustic device for detection of underwater obstacles and determination of their coordinates ”A1, G 01 S 13/00, op. 01/01/1966; USSR author's certificate No. 1802350 "Pulse sonar", A1, G 01 S 11/00, op. March 15, 1993; Mitko V.B. et al., Hydroacoustic communications and surveillance. L., “Shipbuilding”, 1982, p. 5, 11, 13, 14, 74, 75, Fig. 1.1; RF patent No. 20389 “Sonar detection and classification of surface and underwater targets for surface ships”, U1, G 01 S 15/02, op. 10/27/2001

The disadvantage of such systems is the need to solve a compromise between the overall dimensions of the gas storage system and the accuracy of determining the direction to the object. In known devices, the radiation pattern is determined as single-element transceiver antennas / converters forming a single-beam radiation pattern, and multi-element antennas, forming either a multi-beam radiation pattern, or single-beam by the principle of a phased array (PAR) /.

In known devices, to increase the accuracy of determining the coordinates, it is necessary to obtain the narrowest single-beam radiation pattern formed by the antenna or as narrow as possible individual multi-beam antenna patterns formed by each element of a multi-element antenna. And from the prior art it is known that the width of the radiation pattern is inversely proportional to the aperture of the antenna or emitter.

The aim of the invention is the creation of a simple portable, small-sized GAS, in which high accuracy in determining the direction to an object in a spherical coordinate system would be ensured with limited sizes of antenna converters and limited energy resources.

The closest in technical essence to the proposed device is a hydroacoustic device for detecting underwater obstacles and determining their coordinates, described in the USSR author's certificate No. 187327 A1, G 01 S 13/00, op. 01/01/1966. The device contains a power source, a receiving device, a device for generating probe pulses, a control and synchronization device that generates a time diagram of the device, an indicator and an antenna. However, the above disadvantages are inherent in this device.

The analysis of the prior art, including a search by patent and scientific and technical sources of information and identification of sources containing information about analogues of the claimed invention, allows us to establish that the applicant has not found technical solutions characterized by features identical to all the essential features of the claimed invention. The definition from the list of identified analogues of the prototype made it possible to identify a set of essential distinguishing features in relation to the applicant’s technical result in the claimed object set forth in the claims, namely a specific arrangement of three receiving converters, the signal from which is transmitted to certain indicator columns in which the number of elements included is directly in proportion to the amplitude of the signal received by the receiving transducer.

This goal is achieved by the fact that in the acoustic direction indicator (AUN) containing a power source, a receiving device, a device for generating sounding pulses, a control and synchronization device that generates a time diagram of the device, an indicator and an antenna, an additional switch for receiving transducers and a switch for indicator columns are additionally introduced, and the antenna contains one emitter of acoustic pulses and three receiving transducers arranged so that formed by their diagrams directionally This line of equal signal direction coincides with the maximum emitted power line of the acoustic pulse emitter, and the indicator contains three columns of vertically arranged display elements, the outputs of the receiving transducers connected to the input of the receiving transducers switch, the output of which is connected to the input of the receiving device, the output of which is connected to the switching of the indicating elements and columns, the outputs of which a signal proportional to the amplitude of the signal received by the receiving transducer, pos upaet indicator with a respective column, the number of included elements is directly proportional to the amplitude of the received signal corresponding receiving transducer.

This goal can be achieved if the acoustic direction indicator contains a power source, a receiving device, a device for generating probing pulses, a control and synchronization device that generates a time diagram of the device, an indicator and an antenna, characterized in that it additionally two receiving devices are introduced, and the antenna contains one emitter of acoustic pulses and three receiving transducers arranged so that formed by radiation patterns the direction of equal signal direction coincides with the maximum emitted power line of the acoustic pulse emitter, and the indicator contains three columns of vertically arranged display elements, the outputs of the receiving transducers connected to the corresponding inputs of the receiving devices, the outputs of which are connected to the corresponding columns of the indicator, the number of switched on elements is directly proportional to the amplitude of the received appropriate receiving signal converter.

Functionally, the device consists of the following parts (figure 1, figure 2):

1 - antenna device;

2 - emitter of acoustic pulses;

3, 4, 5 - receiving transducers of acoustic pulses;

6 - a device for generating probe pulses;

7 - switch receiving transducers;

9, 14, 15 - receiving device;

8 - control and synchronization device;

10 - device for determining the range;

12 - indicator;

13- power device;

11 - switch indicator elements.

The acoustic direction indicator works as follows.

The control and synchronization device generates a time diagram of the AUN for synchronizing the operation of functional units. A probe pulse generating device controls the operation of an acoustic pulse emitter emitting a probe pulse into space. The reflected echo signals are fed to the receiving transducers, the outputs of which are connected alternately through the switch to the input of the receiving device, from the output of which through the switch of the display elements a detected signal proportional to the signal amplitude is fed from the output of the receiving transducer to the corresponding column of the indicator elements. The number of luminous elements of the column is proportional to the amplitude of the detected signal. Since the radiation patterns of the receiving transducers are spaced in space, then by the ratio of the number of luminous elements in the 3 columns of the indicator, you can determine the spatial position of the object of sight in a spherical coordinate system relative to the equal-signal direction.

Guidance on the object is carried out visually using an indicator, achieving the position of the AUN, in which the same number of elements glow in each of the three columns. In this case, the object is located on the line of equal signal direction of the radiation patterns of the receiving transducers coinciding with the longitudinal axis of the AUN. Two seven-segment digital indicators are also located on the indicator of the device, to which codes are proportional to the distance to the object. The distance to the object is determined by the delay of the echo signal reflected from the object with respect to the probe pulse.

According to this technical proposal, the company made prototypes confirming all of the specified technical characteristics.

The device diagram provides for the use of temporary automatic gain control and manual signal level adjustment. Using manual gain control, the operator sets the required level of the signal supplied to the indicator. This eliminates both indicator overload and the influence of the noise components of the signal on the accuracy of determining the direction by choosing the optimal glow height of the LED columns.

Claims (2)

1. An acoustic direction indicator, comprising a power source, a receiving device, a device for generating sounding pulses, a control and synchronization device that generates a time diagram of the operation of an acoustic direction indicator for synchronizing the operation of functional units, an indicator and an antenna, characterized in that a receiving switch is additionally introduced into it converters and a switch of indicator elements, and the antenna contains one emitter of acoustic pulses controlled by the device of probing pulses, and three receiving transducers arranged so that the line of equal signal direction formed by their radiation patterns coincides with the maximum emitted power line of the acoustic pulse emitter, the indicator contains three columns of vertically arranged indication elements, the outputs of the receiving transducers connected to the input of the switch of the receiving transducers, the output of which is connected to the input of the receiving device, the output of which is connected to the switch elements Superimpose, the output of which a signal proportional to the amplitude of the received signal by the receiving transducer is supplied with a respective column of the indicator, the number of display elements included in direct proportion to the amplitude of the signal received by the receiving transducer. 2. An acoustic direction indicator comprising a power source, a receiving device, a probe pulse generating device, a control and synchronization device that generates a time diagram of the operation of an acoustic direction indicator for synchronizing the operation of functional units, an indicator and an antenna, characterized in that two additional receiving devices, and the antenna contains one emitter of acoustic pulses, controlled by a device for generating probing pulses, and three receiving converters arrays arranged so that the line of equal signal direction formed by their radiation patterns coincides with the maximum emitted power line of the acoustic pulse emitter, and the indicator contains three columns of vertically arranged display elements, the outputs of the receiving transducers connected to the corresponding inputs of the receiving devices, the outputs of which are connected to the corresponding columns indicator, while the number of included display elements is directly proportional to the amplitude th receiving transducer signal.

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