RU2259872C1 - Method for hydrodynamic excitation of liquid, rotor hydrodynamic exciting device and device for preparation of composition fuel - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: mechanical engineering.

SUBSTANCE: method includes feeding liquid to input of bladed working wheel, letting liquid out from working wheel to circular plane, limited by its peripheral circular surface and coaxial surface of stator, letting liquid out from circular plane to vortex chamber with forming of axial-symmetric centripetal flow in it, letting liquid out from vortex chamber to accumulation chamber. Flow of liquid in vortex chamber is expanded to liquid rotation axis, and its outlet from vortex chamber is realized by central vortex flow, axis of which matches axis of working wheel. Central vortex flow is transformed using radial diffuser to axial-symmetric vortex flow, received in accumulation chamber. Rotor hydrodynamic exciting device has console bladed working wheel, circular hollow between peripheral circular surface of working wheel and coaxial wall of stator, vortex chamber between carrying disc of working wheel and opposite stator wall and accumulation chamber., working wheel is mounted in such a way, that its input is directed to bearings, and vortex chamber is made expanded in radial direction until reaching rotation axis with transfer to outlet channel, positioned along rotor rotation axis. Radial diffuser is provided also, input of which is connected to outlet channel of vortex chamber, and output - to accumulation chamber. Device for preparation of composition fuel is built on basis of rotor hydrodynamic exciting device and has working wheel, made in form of bearing and covering discs with peripheral circular wall, in which a row of outlet apertures is made for passing of liquid, evenly spaced along circle.

EFFECT: higher efficiency, higher quality, higher reliability.

3 cl, 3 dwg, 2 tbl

Description

FIELD OF TECHNOLOGY

The invention relates to a technology for the hydromechanical treatment of liquids containing bound hydrogen with a destructive transformation of the chemical bonds of liquids at the molecular level for various technological purposes and directly relates to a method for hydrodynamic excitation of a liquid, a rotary hydrodynamic pathogen, and a device for preparing composite fuel.

BACKGROUND

The prior art method and device for the resonant excitation of a liquid having bound hydrogen in its composition for the destructive conversion of chemical bonds of a liquid at the molecular level (Russian patent No. 2221637 with priority dated 12/31/2002, published 01/20/2004).

This method includes feeding the fluid to be treated into the cavity of the impeller rotating inside the stator, releasing the treated fluid from the impeller through a series of outlet openings evenly distributed on its peripheral annular surface into the annular cavity bounded by the peripheral annular surface of the impeller and the coaxial surface of the stator, the release of fluid from the annular cavity into the collecting chamber of the stator and the removal of the treated fluid for consumption.

This device comprises a rotor including a shaft supported by bearings and at least one impeller mounted on a shaft cantilever with a bearing and covering discs, a stator accommodating the rotor and having a wall coaxial to the impeller, an inlet for supplying fluid in communication with the input of the impeller and an outlet for discharging fluid in communication with the impeller exit, an annular cavity formed between the peripheral annular wall of the impeller and the coaxial wall of the stator and the comm hydrochloric to the outlet, and means for driving the rotor at a predetermined speed. An option is provided for using the invention, in particular, for preparing a water-fuel emulsion as a composite fuel for thermal power plants.

With all the advantages of this invention, it should be noted that it does not exhaust the further potential possibilities of increasing the efficiency of hydromechanical processing of liquids. In particular, in the described device, due to structural features, it is not possible to realize the properties of the axisymmetric vortex motion of a liquid known per se. At the same time, as is known, in such a vortex flow near the axis of rotation of the liquid, conditions are created for the occurrence of intense cavitation, which will increase the efficiency of the hydromechanical processing of the liquid.

SUMMARY AND SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

The present invention is the creation of such a method of hydrodynamic excitation of a liquid, a rotary hydrodynamic pathogen and a device for preparing composite fuel, which can significantly increase the efficiency of excitation of the liquid and, accordingly, improve the quality of its processing and thereby improve the performance of composite fuel.

The problem is solved by the proposed method of hydrodynamic excitation of a liquid using a rotary exciter, including, like the aforementioned known method, supplying the liquid to be treated to the input of a rotor impeller rotating inside the stator, discharging the processed fluid from the impeller into an annular cavity bounded by a peripheral annular surface of the working wheels and the coaxial surface of the stator, the release of fluid from the annular cavity and the removal of the treated fluid for consumption.

According to the invention, the liquid is discharged from the annular cavity through an annular vortex chamber formed by the stator and the back of the impeller with the formation of an axisymmetric centripetal vortex fluid flow, which extends up to the axis of its rotation, and the liquid is discharged from the vortex chamber by a central vortex flow, the axis of which coincides with the axis of rotation of the impeller.

According to a preferred embodiment of the invention, the central vortex fluid flow coming from the vortex chamber is converted by means of a radial diffuser into an axisymmetric centrifugal vortex flow entering the collection chamber.

The problem is simultaneously solved using the proposed rotary hydrodynamic pathogen, which allows to implement the described method of hydrodynamic excitation of a liquid in the framework of a single inventive concept. This rotary hydrodynamic pathogen, like the aforementioned known device, contains

- a rotor including a shaft supported by bearings and at least one blade impeller cantilever mounted on the shaft with a bearing and covering discs,

- a stator containing a rotor and having a wall coaxial to the impeller, an inlet for supplying fluid communicated with the input of the impeller, and an outlet for discharging fluid communicated with the output of the impeller,

- an annular cavity formed between the peripheral annular surface of the impeller and the coaxial wall of the stator and communicated with the outlet, and

- means for driving the rotor with a given speed.

According to the invention, the impeller is mounted on the shaft in such a way that its input is facing the bearings, and an annular vortex chamber formed in the radial direction with the transition to the central output channel located along the rotation axis is formed between the bearing wheel of the impeller and the opposite wall of the stator rotor.

The described location of the impeller relative to the bearings, the presence and features of the vortex chamber make it possible to significantly increase the efficiency of liquid excitation and, accordingly, improve the quality of its technological processing.

According to a preferred embodiment of the invention, the rotor hydrodynamic driver is provided with a radial diffuser, the input of which is connected to the output channel of the vortex chamber, and the output to the collection chamber.

In such a structural embodiment, the radial diffuser performs the combined function of converting into a static pressure head the velocity head of both the expendable component of the fluid velocity and its peripheral component.

The task at the same time is also solved with the help of the proposed device for the preparation of composite fuel by hydromechanical processing of a mixture of hydrocarbon liquid and water, which allows, within the framework of a single inventive concept, to carry out the applied implementation of the above method of hydrodynamic excitation of a liquid. This device, like the aforementioned known, contains

- a rotor including a shaft supported by bearings and at least one vane impeller cantilever mounted on the shaft, wherein

- the impeller is made in the form of a bearing and covering disks with a peripheral annular wall, in which a number of outlet openings for the passage of fluid, uniformly distributed around the circumference, are made,

- a stator containing a rotor and having a wall coaxial to the impeller, an inlet for supplying fluid communicated with the input of the impeller, and an outlet for discharging fluid communicated with the output of the impeller,

- an annular cavity formed between the peripheral annular wall of the impeller and the coaxial wall of the stator and communicated with the outlet, and

- means for driving the rotor with a given speed.

According to the invention, the impeller is mounted on the shaft in such a way that its input is facing the bearings, and an annular vortex chamber formed in the radial direction with the transition to the central output channel located along the rotation axis is formed between the bearing wheel of the impeller and the opposite wall of the stator rotor.

According to a preferred embodiment of the invention, the device is equipped with a radial diffuser, the input of which is in communication with the output channel of the vortex chamber, and the output is connected to the collection chamber.

The described implementation of the device for the preparation of composite fuel can significantly improve the performance of the prepared composite fuel by increasing the efficiency of hydrodynamic excitation of a mixture of hydrocarbon liquid and water.

Other features of the invention will be apparent from the following detailed description of its embodiments with reference to the accompanying drawings.

BLUEPRINTS

The invention is illustrated by examples of its embodiment with the illustration of schematic drawings, which show:

Figure 1 - rotary hydrodynamic pathogen in partial longitudinal section;

Figure 2 is the same with respect to a device for preparing composite fuel;

Figure 3 is the same, partial cross-section along I-I (Figure 2).

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

The method of hydrodynamic excitation of a liquid using a rotary exciter includes feeding the liquid to be treated to the inlet 1 (Fig. 1) of a blade impeller 2 rotating inside the stator 3. During the rotation of the impeller 2, the processed fluid is discharged from it into an annular cavity 4 bounded by a peripheral annular the surface of the impeller 2 and the opposite coaxial surface of the stator 3. From the annular cavity 4, the fluid is discharged into the vortex chamber 5 with an axisymmetric centripetal flow of liquid dots. In the vortex chamber 5, the fluid rotates about an axis that coincides with the axis of the impeller 2, with a peripheral speed increasing toward the axis of rotation according to the law of conservation of momentum. The axisymmetric centripetal fluid flow in the vortex chamber 5 extends up to the axis of rotation of the fluid. Its release from the vortex chamber 5 is carried out by the central vortex flow, the axis of which coincides with the axis of rotation of the impeller 2, which is diverted to consumption or storage directly or through an intermediate collection chamber 6 (Figure 2). In the central vortex flow thus formed, a near-axial zone of reduced pressure is formed up to rarefaction, which contributes to intense cavitation and the corresponding active excitation of the liquid with a destructive effect on its chemical bonds at the molecular level. In order to convert the velocity head of the flow and peripheral components of the fluid velocity into a static head, the central vortex flow coming out of the vortex chamber 5 is preferably transformed by means of a radial diffuser 7 into an axisymmetric centrifugal vortex flow, and then it is supplied to the collection chamber 6.

The described method of hydrodynamic excitation of a liquid is implemented within the framework of a single inventive concept with the corresponding rotor hydrodynamic exciter (Figs. 1, 2), which comprises a rotor 8 with a shaft 9, supported by bearings 10 and provided with a seal 11. At least one motionless is mounted on the shaft 9 a vane impeller 2 connected to it, made in the form of a carrier 12 and covering disks 12a. The stator 3, containing the rotor 8, has a wall 13 coaxial to the impeller 2, an inlet 14 for supplying the liquid to be treated, communicated through the inlet chamber 15 with the inlet 1 of the impeller 2, and an outlet 16 or 17 (FIG. 2) for removing the treated fluid communicated with the output of the impeller 2. An annular cavity 4 is formed between the peripheral annular surface of the impeller 2 and the coaxial wall 13 of the stator 3. The impeller 2 is mounted on the shaft 9 so that its inlet 1 faces the bearings 10, and between Using a rotor disk 12 of the impeller 2 and the opposite wall of the stator 3, a vortex chamber 5 connected with the annular cavity 4 is formed, made in the radial direction up to the axis of rotation of the rotor 8. The vortex chamber 5 passes into the central output channel 18 located along the axis of rotation of the rotor 8 and communicated with the end user directly or through an intermediate collection chamber 6 (Figure 2). Any suitable means is known from among the known ones for driving the rotor 8 at a predetermined speed, for example an electric motor (not shown in the drawings). The rotary hydrodynamic driver is preferably provided with a radial diffuser 7, the input of which is in communication with the output channel 18 of the vortex chamber 5, and the output is connected to the collection chamber 6.

The above-described method of hydrodynamic excitation of a liquid is realized within the framework of a single inventive concept with a device for preparing composite fuel by hydromechanical treatment of a mixture of hydrocarbon liquid and water using a rotary hydrodynamic pathogen (Fig.2, 3). The latter comprises a rotor 8 with a shaft 9, supported by bearings 10 and provided with a seal 11. At least one rotor impeller 2 is mounted cantileverly mounted to the shaft 9 and is made in the form of a supporting 12 and covering disks 12a with a peripheral annular wall 19. In the latter, a number of outlet openings 20 are evenly distributed around the circumference for discharging the liquid to be treated. The stator 3, containing the rotor 8, has a wall 13 coaxial to the impeller 2, an inlet 14 for supplying the liquid to be treated, communicated through the inlet chamber 15 with the inlet 1 of the impeller 2, and an outlet 17 for discharging the treated liquid in communication with the outlet of the impeller 2. An annular cavity 4 is formed between the peripheral annular wall 19 of the impeller 2 and the coaxial wall 13 of the stator 3. The impeller 2 is mounted on the shaft 9 in such a way that its input 1 faces the bearings 10, and between the carrier disk 12 p the working wheel 2 and the opposite wall of the stator 3, a vortex chamber 5 connected with the annular cavity 4 is formed, made in a radial direction up to the axis of rotation of the rotor 8. The vortex chamber 5 passes into the central output channel 18 located along the axis of rotation of the rotor 8 and communicated with the team camera 6. Any suitable means known from among the known means is provided for driving the rotor 8 at a predetermined speed, for example, an electric motor (not shown in the drawings). The composite fuel preparation device is preferably provided with a radial diffuser 7, the input of which is connected to the output channel 18 of the vortex chamber 5, and the output - to the collection chamber 6. A separate distribution chamber 21 with a number of outlet openings may be provided for water or another component of the liquid mixture uniform distribution of water in the mass of hydrocarbon fluid entering the input 1 of the impeller 2. It may be possible to return along the external recirculation loop (in the drawing ah not shown) into the inlet chamber 15 for re-processing portion pretreated liquid from the collecting chamber 6 either directly from the output channel 18 of the swirl chamber 5, in the latter - through the outlet 22.

The width of the outlet openings 20 of the impeller 2 in the circumferential direction may preferably be half their circumferential pitch and may vary slightly over their entire radial extent. The number of these holes in a known manner is selected depending on the selected frequency of acoustic exposure to the liquid and may be, for example, 50 ... 150 pcs.

To solve the usual practical problems of hydromechanical fluid processing, it may be sufficient to use the device according to the invention with one impeller 2. However, if necessary, the rotor 8 may contain, within the framework of a single inventive concept, two or more impellers, usually mounted on a common shaft 9, which are flow liquids can normally be connected in series or in parallel. It is also possible parallel, serial or combined connection on the fluid flow of several autonomous devices according to the invention with one or several impellers.

The described device for the preparation of composite fuel works as follows (Figure 2 ... 3):

The rotor 8 with the impeller 2 is, for example, an electric motor with a given speed. The liquid or mixture of liquids to be processed is fed through the inlet 14 to the inlet chamber 15 and then to the inlet 1 of the impeller 2 rotating inside the stator 3. From the cavity of the impeller 2, the treated liquid is discharged under pressure through a series of its outlet openings 20 into the annular cavity 4 between the impeller 2 and the coaxial wall 13 of the stator 3. In this case, the fluid rotating in the annular cavity 4 is subjected to acoustic excitation with a selected frequency. Then, the rotating fluid enters the vortex chamber 5 and continues to rotate in the form of an axisymmetric spiral-shaped centripetal flow with a peripheral speed increasing in the direction of the rotation axis according to the law of conservation of momentum. Moreover, in the near-axis zone of the vortex chamber 5 and the outlet channel 18, a region of reduced pressure is formed up to a rarefaction, accompanied by the occurrence of intense cavitation. From the outlet channel 18 of the vortex chamber 5, the axial flow of the treated liquid enters the inlet of the radial diffuser 7, which converts the velocity head into static, and from its outlet into the collection chamber 6. From it, the liquid is already discharged as composite fuel through the outlet 17 for further processing storage or use. Part of the initially processed liquid can be returned via an external recirculation circuit (not shown in the drawings) to the inlet chamber 15 for additional processing from the collection chamber 6 or directly from the outlet channel 18 of the vortex chamber 5, in the latter case, through the outlet 22.

INDUSTRIAL APPLICABILITY

The practical field of industrial application of the invention covers the energy, heat engineering, chemical, oil refining, petrochemical and other industries related to the technological processing of liquids, as well as related industries.

The list of types of liquids amenable to hydromechanical processing according to the invention covers practically any natural and artificial liquids having bound hydrogen, primarily water, alcohols, hydrocarbon liquids and their mixtures, including water, in a wide range of viscosities and other physical chemical properties. All kinds of solutions, emulsions, suspensions, etc. are also no exception. mixtures based on the mentioned liquids, including mutually immiscible ones, such as fuel oil with water, diesel fuel with water, gasoline with water and other water-fuel mixtures (composite fuel).

The following is a specific example of the practical implementation of the invention (Table 1) and a variant of its use in relation to the preparation of a water-oil emulsion as a composite fuel for boiler and furnace plants (Table 2).

Table 1. An example of a practical implementation of the invention. Name unit of measurement Value Performance m ³ / hour up to 50 Impeller speed rpm 3000 (sync.) Drive motor power kw 45 The radius of the peripheral annular surface of the impeller mm 140 Radial annular cavity size mm 10

Table 2. An example implementation of the invention in the technology for the preparation of a water-oil emulsion as a composite fuel for boiler and furnace plants Name unit of measurement Value Drive motor power kw 45 Rotor speed rpm 2940 Composite fuel preparation performance m ³ / hour up to 30 The radius of the peripheral annular surface of the impeller mm 140 Number of Impeller Outlets PCS. 60 The frequency of the acoustic excitation of the liquid kHz 2.92 Radial annular cavity size mm 3.6 Amount of water in composite fuel % up to 45 Outline Recirculation % 10 ... 30 Dispersion of water in composite fuel μm 1 ... 2 Storage sedimentation stability composite fuel at 20 ° C month > 36 at 60 ° C > 12 at 99 ° C 2 ... 3 Relative net calorific value of composite fuel (compared to the original fuel) % 95 ... 100

Claims (6)

1. A method of hydrodynamic excitation of a fluid using a rotary exciter, comprising supplying the fluid to be treated to the input of a blade impeller rotating inside the stator, discharging the treated fluid from the impeller into an annular cavity bounded by a peripheral annular surface of the impeller and a coaxial stator surface, discharging fluid from annular cavity and the removal of the processed fluid for consumption, characterized in that the discharge of fluid from the annular cavity is carried out through the sample Call back of the stator and the rotor an annular swirl chamber with an axisymmetric formation therein centripetal vortex fluid stream traveling up to the axis of rotation, and the liquid outlet of the central vortex chamber is carried by the whirling current, the axis of which coincides with the axis of rotation of the impeller. 2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that the central vortex fluid stream that is emitted from the vortex chamber is converted using an radial diffuser into an axisymmetric centrifugal vortex stream entering the collection chamber. 3. A rotary hydrodynamic exciter, comprising a) a rotor, comprising a shaft supported by bearings and at least one blade impeller cantilever mounted on the shaft with a bearing and covering discs, b) a stator containing a rotor and having a wall with a coaxial impeller, an inlet for fluid supply, connected with the impeller inlet, and a fluid outlet for communicating with the impeller, c) an annular cavity formed between the peripheral annular surface of the impeller and the coaxial wall of the stator and communicated with the outlet, d) means for driving the rotor with a given speed, characterized in that the impeller is mounted on the shaft so that its input is facing the bearings, and between the bearing disk of the impeller and the opposite wall a stator is formed by an annular vortex chamber, made developed in the radial direction with the transition to the Central output channel located along the axis of rotation of the rotor. 4. The rotary hydrodynamic pathogen according to claim 3, characterized in that it is equipped with a radial diffuser, the input of which is in communication with the output channel of the vortex chamber, and the output - with a collection chamber. 5. A device for preparing composite fuel by hydromechanical treatment of a mixture of hydrocarbon liquid and water using a rotary hydrodynamic pathogen, which contains a) a rotor, including a shaft supported by bearings and at least one impeller mounted on the shaft, b) an impeller made in the form of a bearing and covering disk with a peripheral annular wall, in which a number of outlet openings for the passage of liquid, uniformly distributed around the circumference, are made ty, c) a stator containing a rotor and having a wall coaxial to the impeller, an inlet for supplying fluid in communication with the inlet of the impeller, and an outlet for discharging fluid in communication with the outlet of the impeller, d) an annular cavity formed between the peripheral annular wall the impeller and the coaxial wall of the stator and connected with the outlet, and e) means for driving the rotor with a given speed, characterized in that the impeller is mounted on the shaft so that its input is reversed it is oriented towards the bearings, and between the bearing disk of the impeller and the opposite wall of the stator an annular vortex chamber is formed, made radially developed with a transition to the central output channel located along the axis of rotation of the rotor. 6. The device according to claim 5, characterized in that it is equipped with a radial diffuser, the input of which is in communication with the output channel of the vortex chamber, and the output is with a collection chamber.

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