RU2234363C1 - Method of a resonance activation of a liquid and a device for its realization - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: power engineering; heating engineering; oil refining; petrochemical and chemical industries.

SUBSTANCE: the invention is pertinent to a method of a resonance activation of liquids and a device for its realization with the help of the rotor hydrodynamic activator. It be used in power engineering, heating engineering , oil refining, petrochemical, chemical and allied industries with the purpose of improvement of the quality of hydromechanical treatment of a liquid. The method provides for feeding of a liquid into the driving wheel (2), a liquid outgoing from it through a series of discharge holes into a ring-type resonance cavity (5), return of a part of the liquid into the cavity of the driving wheel for after-treatment and withdrawal of the treated liquid into the collecting chamber (10). According to the invention, the ring-type resonance cavity is made alongated in its axial direction in such a manner that its axial length "B" makes at least as "B" = 1.7 "b", where "b" is a width of a flow passage part at an outlet of the driving wheel. The ring-type resonance cavity is continued in its axial direction by a passive section (5а). Tapping from the ring-type resonance cavity into the collecting chamber is exercised through an outlet ring-type vortex e chamber (5b). Return of a part of a liquid from ring-type resonance cavity into the cavity of the driving wheel is exercised through a by-pass ring-type vortex chamber (5c). The device contains a driving wheel (2) with a row of discharge holes, a stator (4) with the inlet and outlet holes (11), a collecting chamber (10) linked with the ring-type resonance cavity (5), a loop of the liquid internal recycling. According to the invention inside the stator there are installed a diaphragm (20), that forms a passive section (5 а) of the cavity (5), and a partition (22) with the central by-pass hole (23) forming the outlet ring-type vortex chamber (5b). The loop of the liquid internal recirculation includes the by-pass ring-type vortex chamber (5с), formed between a covering disk of the driving wheel and the stator. The invention allows to increase essentially efficiency of a liquid resonance activation and accordingly quality of a liquid treatment.

EFFECT: increased efficiency of a liquid resonance activation and improved quality of a liquid treatment.

11 cl, 4 dwg, 4 tbl

Description

FIELD OF TECHNOLOGY

The invention relates to a technology for the hydromechanical treatment of liquids containing bound hydrogen with a destructive conversion of their chemical bonds at the molecular level for various technological purposes, and relates directly to a method and device for resonant excitation of a liquid using a rotary hydrodynamic pathogen.

BACKGROUND

The prior art method and device for heating a liquid (patent RU 2150055), a method and device for conditioning hydrocarbon liquids (patent RU 2155636) and a method and device for emulsification (international publication WO 99/36164) that use the same rotary hydrodynamic pathogen. All of these methods include supplying fluid to the cavity of the impeller rotating inside the stator, discharging fluid from the impeller through a series of outlet openings evenly distributed on its peripheral annular surface into the annular resonance cavity bounded by the peripheral annular surface of the impeller and the inner coaxial surface of the stator, and drainage of liquid from the annular resonance cavity into the collection chamber. In this case, the nominal values of the radius R of the peripheral annular surface of the impeller and its rotation frequency n are set depending on the selected number K of its outlet openings according to the following empirical relations:

R = 1.1614 K [mm] (the so-called “active” radius),

n = 3.8396 K ^-1.5 × 10 ⁶ [rpm].

The above ratios are obtained from the well-known (for example, from the description of patent RU 2150055) empirical dependence

where V [m / s] is the circumferential velocity of fluid rotation at a radius R [m], taking into account the empirical assumption that t = L, where t [m] is the circumferential pitch of the outlet openings of the impeller on a circle with an “active” radius R; L [m] is the wavelength of sound vibrations excited in the fluid, empirically numerically equal to the known physical constant of the fine structure constant α, taken in meters.

All said devices comprise a rotor including a shaft supported by bearings and at least one impeller mounted on the shaft. The latter is made in the form of a disk with a peripheral annular wall, in which a number of outlet openings are made uniformly distributed around the circumference. The stator has a coaxial impeller wall, an inlet for supplying fluid in communication with the cavity of the impeller, and an outlet for discharging fluid. There is an annular resonance cavity formed by the peripheral annular wall of the impeller and the coaxial wall of the stator. The stator has a collection chamber communicated, on the one hand, with its outlet and, on the other hand, with an annular resonance cavity. Means are provided for driving a rotor with a predetermined speed.

The described analogues are combined by the general process of resonant excitation of a liquid having bound hydrogen in its composition to destructively transform its chemical bonds at the molecular level. In these analogs, an effective attempt was made to select the optimal values of the main operating parameters, depending on the selected number of outlet openings of the impeller. However, the potentialities of such a resonant excitation of a liquid remain not exhausted. In particular, the annular resonance cavity, which is the main “active” zone in the fluid flow here, is not sufficiently developed in the axial direction, which reduces the residence time of the treated fluid in it and reduces the efficiency of resonant excitation and, accordingly, the quality of the technological processing of the fluid.

A similar device for resonant excitation of a liquid is also known from the prior art (application RU 2002116939, decision to grant a patent dated 06/26/2003), which provides for the return for additional processing of a part of the processed fluid from the annular resonance cavity into the impeller cavity along the internal liquid recirculation circuit. In this case, the internal liquid recirculation loop is formed on the back of the impeller using an intermediate seal installed in front of the end seal of the impeller and a number of bypass holes made in its carrier disk in front of the intermediate seal. Here, the returned fluid does not enter the inlet, but into the middle part of the impeller, which reduces the efficiency of the additional fluid treatment.

SUMMARY AND SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

The present invention is the creation of such a method and device for the resonant excitation of a liquid having incorporated hydrogen using a rotary hydrodynamic pathogen, which can significantly increase the efficiency of resonant excitation and, accordingly, the quality of the technological processing of the liquid.

The problem is solved in that in the proposed method for resonant excitation of a liquid having bound hydrogen in it for destructive conversion of its chemical bonds at the molecular level using a rotary hydrodynamic pathogen, including, as mentioned by the known method,

- the supply of the fluid to be processed into the cavity of the impeller rotating inside the stator,

- the release of the processed fluid from the impeller through a series of outlet openings evenly distributed on its peripheral annular surface into an annular resonance cavity bounded by a peripheral annular surface of the impeller and the inner coaxial surface of the stator,

- the release of the processed fluid from the annular resonance cavity into the collecting chamber of the stator,

- return of a portion of the processed fluid from the annular resonance chamber into the cavity of the impeller for additional processing

- removal of the treated fluid from the collection chamber,

the following empirical relationship is observed:

R ³ n ² = 23.0949 × 10 ³ [m ³ / min ² ],

where R [m] is the radius of the annular surface of the impeller;

n [r / min] - the frequency of rotation of the impeller,

according to the invention, the annular resonance cavity is made developed in the axial direction so that its axial extent B is at least B = 1.7 b, where b is the width of the flowing part at the exit of the impeller.

The problem is simultaneously solved using the proposed device for the resonant excitation of a liquid having incorporated hydrogen, using a rotary hydrodynamic pathogen, which allows you to implement the described method of resonant excitation of a liquid in the framework of a single inventive concept. This device, like the aforementioned known, contains

- a rotor including a shaft supported by bearings and at least one impeller mounted on the shaft, while

- the impeller is made in the form of a bearing and covering disks with a peripheral annular wall, in which a number of outlet openings for the passage of fluid, uniformly distributed around the circumference, are made,

- a stator having a wall coaxial to the impeller, an inlet for supplying fluid in communication with the cavity of the impeller, and an outlet for discharging fluid in communication with the collection chamber,

- an annular resonant cavity, which is formed by the inner surface of the coaxial wall of the stator and the outer surface of the peripheral annular wall of the impeller and communicated with the prefabricated stator chamber,

- the circuit of the internal liquid recirculation from the annular resonance cavity into the cavity of the impeller and

- means for driving the rotor with a given speed,

the radius R of the outer surface of the peripheral annular wall of the impeller is

R = 28.4777 n ^-2/3 × 10 ³ [mm],

where n [rpm] is the set impeller speed.

According to the invention, the peripheral annular wall of the impeller is made of a width, the minimum value of which is B = 1.7 b, where b is the width of the flowing part at the exit of the impeller.

The described embodiment of the annular resonance cavity already at the specified minimum value of the width B can significantly increase the residence time of the treated liquid in it and thereby increase the efficiency of resonant excitation and, accordingly, the quality of the technological processing of the liquid. The upper limit of the choice of the axial extent of the annular resonance cavity is actually determined by design and technological considerations regarding the operability, reliability and adaptability of the machine rotor.

Other features of the invention will be apparent from the following detailed description of examples of its implementation with reference to the accompanying drawings.

BLUEPRINTS

The invention is illustrated by examples of its embodiment with the illustration of schematic drawings, which show:

Figure 1 - device for resonant excitation of a liquid, a partial longitudinal section along I-I (Figure 2);

Figure 2 is the same, partial cross-section along II-II (Figs. 1, 3, 4);

Figure 3 is the same (Figure 1) with the addition of a diaphragm;

Figure 4 is the same (Figure 3) with the addition of an output annular vortex chamber.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

The method of resonant excitation of a liquid containing bound hydrogen for the destructive conversion of its chemical bonds at the molecular level is carried out using a rotary hydrodynamic pathogen. The liquid to be treated is supplied to the cavity 1 (Fig. 1) of the impeller 2 through the inlet 3 of the stator 4. During the rotation of the impeller 2, the processed fluid is discharged from it into the annular resonance cavity 5 bounded by the peripheral annular surface 6 (Fig. 2) of the working the wheel 2 and the opposite inner coaxial surface 7 of the stator 4, through a series of output holes 8, evenly distributed on the peripheral annular surface 6 of the impeller 2. Within the ring resonant cavity 5 is processed I, the liquid continues to rotate relative to the central axis 9 and undergoes resonant vibrations of sound frequency, which are caused by the interaction of elementary streams flowing from the outlet openings 8 of the impeller 2, with each other and with the coaxial surface 7 of the stator 4. The treated fluid is discharged from the annular resonance cavity 5 into the collection chamber 10 and is removed from there through the outlet 11 of the stator 4. A part of the processed fluid is returned from the annular resonance cavity 5 into the cavity 1 of the impeller 2 for additional processing. The necessary high-pressure fluid pressure is created by the blades 12 of the impeller 2 and, optionally, if necessary, by applying external pressure to the liquid.

In this case, the following empirical dependence of nominal values is observed, which follows from the above known dependence (1):

where R [m] is the "active" radius of the annular surface 6 of the impeller 2,

n [r / min] - the frequency of rotation of the impeller 2.

According to the invention, the annular resonance cavity 5 is made developed in the axial direction so that its axial extent B is at least B = 1.7 b, where b is the width of the flowing part at the exit of the impeller.

The largest value of the axial extent In the annular resonance cavity 5 is limited by structural and technological considerations regarding the operability, reliability and manufacturability of the rotor of the machine, and is selected based on practical feasibility and / or technical feasibility in relation to the resulting geometric dimensions and strength of the impeller 2.

In a preferred embodiment (FIG. 3), the annular resonance cavity 5 is extended axially in the passive portion 5a formed by the opposing coaxial surfaces of the stator. The passive section 5a is expediently performed on the side of the impeller 2 facing the collecting chamber 10, but it can also be performed on the other side of the impeller 2. Such an additional expansion of the annular resonance cavity 5, as established experimentally, further enhances the efficiency of the resonance liquid excitation and, accordingly, improving the quality of its technological processing.

In another preferred embodiment (FIG. 4), the liquid to be treated is discharged from the annular resonance cavity 5 (5a) into the collection chamber 10 through the outlet ring vortex chamber 5b formed in the stator 4 from the back of the impeller 2 with a centripetal liquid flow. It has been experimentally established that this further contributes to a further improvement in the quality of liquid processing.

In a further preferred embodiment, the return of a part of the liquid being processed from the annular resonance cavity 5 to the impeller 1 cavity 1 is carried out through the bypass annular vortex chamber 5c with a centripetal fluid flow formed between the front part of the impeller 2 and the stator 4. The bypass annular vortex chamber 5c is functionally similar to the outlet annular vortex chamber 5b and similarly contributes to a further improvement in the quality of the liquid processing.

The amount of liquid returned to additional processing is controlled by changing the flow cross section of the bypass annular vortex chamber 5c at its narrowest point and can be 10 ... 90%, preferably 25 ... 75% of its total amount leaving the impeller 2, depending on the required quality / processing ratio. Thus, the possibility of optimal control of the process of hydromechanical processing of the liquid is achieved.

In the most preferred embodiment, the resonant excitation of the liquid is carried out at a frequency

where n [rpm] is the rotational speed of the impeller 2;

where R [mm] is the radius of the annular surface 6 of the impeller 2,

3≤ d≤ 30 - the selected integer.

In this case, only integer or close to it calculated values of the number of outlet openings 8 of the impeller 2 are taken into account. The final choice of the working frequency of the liquid excitation is carried out empirically, taking into account the physicochemical and other properties of the particular liquid being processed.

The described method of resonant excitation of a liquid containing bound hydrogen using a rotary hydrodynamic pathogen is implemented by the corresponding device (Figs. 1 ... 4), which comprises a rotor 13 with a shaft 14, supported by bearings 15 and provided with a seal 16. On the shaft 14, at least one impeller 2 is fixedly connected to it and is made in the form of a carrier 17 and covering disks 17a with a peripheral annular wall 18. In the latter, a series of uniformly distributed the circles of the outlet holes 8 for the release of the processed fluid. The radius R of the outer surface of the peripheral annular wall 18 of the impeller 2 is

where n [rpm] is the set impeller speed.

The stator 4 has a coaxial impeller 2 wall 19, an inlet 3 for supplying the fluid to be treated, communicated with the cavity 1 of the impeller 2, and an outlet 11 for draining the treated fluid. The annular resonance cavity 5 is formed by the coaxial wall 19 of the stator 4 and the peripheral annular wall 18 of the impeller 2 and is in communication with the collection chamber 10. Any suitable means for driving the rotor 13 with a predetermined rotation frequency is provided, for example, an electric motor (not shown in the drawings).

According to the invention, the peripheral annular wall 18 of the impeller 2 is made of a width, the minimum value of which is B = 1.7 b, where b is the width of the flowing part at the exit of the impeller 2.

The greatest width In the peripheral annular wall 18 of the impeller 2 is limited by structural and technological considerations regarding the operability, reliability and manufacturability of the rotor 13, and is selected on the basis of practical feasibility and / or technical feasibility in relation to the resulting geometric dimensions and strength of the impeller 2.

In a preferred embodiment (FIG. 3), a diaphragm 20 with a peripheral annular wall 21 is installed in the stator 4 on at least one side of the impeller 2, mainly on the side of the collecting chamber 10. The outer surface of the latter is concentric with the coaxial surface 7 of the stator 4 and has a diameter of equal to or close to the diameter of the outer surface of the peripheral annular wall 18 of the impeller. Thereby, a passive portion 5a of the annular resonance cavity 5 is formed, continuing it in the axial direction.

In another preferred embodiment (FIG. 4), a partition 22 is installed in front of the collection chamber 10 in the stator 4, provided with a central annular bypass hole 23. Thereby, an output annular vortex chamber 5b with a centripetal fluid flow is connected to the collection chamber 10 bypass.

In a further preferred embodiment, the internal liquid recirculation loop includes an annular vortex swirl chamber 5c formed between the covering disk 17a of the impeller 2 and the stator 4 and connecting the second output of the annular resonance cavity 5 with the entrance to the impeller 2. The amount of liquid returned to the additional processing can be controlled by a change width C (Figure 1) at the outlet of the bypass annular vortex chamber 5c.

In the most preferred embodiment, the number K of the outlet openings 8 of the impeller 2 is K = 1.72205 R d ^-1 , where 3≤ d≤ 30 is the selected integer.

In this case, only integer or close to it calculated values of the number of outlet openings 8 of the impeller 2 are taken into account.

The radial size H of the annular resonance cavity 5 can be arbitrarily selected within reasonable limits, but an empirical value is preferable to improve the resonance properties: H = 0.91 m [mm], where 10≥ m≥ 1 is the selected integer.

The width of the outlet openings 8 of the impeller 2 may preferably be half their circumferential pitch on a circle of radius R and may vary slightly over their entire radial extent.

To solve the usual practical problems of hydromechanical fluid processing, it is sufficient to use the device according to the invention with one impeller 2. However, if necessary, the rotor 13 may contain two or more impellers, usually mounted on a common shaft 14, which can normally be connected in series with the fluid flow or parallel. It is also possible parallel, serial or combined connection on the fluid flow of several autonomous devices according to the invention with one or several impellers.

The described device for the resonant excitation of a liquid works as follows (Figure 1 ... 4):

The rotor 13 with the impeller 2 is driven, for example, by an electric motor with a predetermined speed according to dependence (2). The liquid to be treated is fed through the inlet 3 of the stator 4 into the cavity 1 of the impeller 2, which rotates inside the stator 4. From the cavity 1 of the impeller 2, the treated fluid is discharged under pressure through a series of its outlet openings 8 into the ring resonant cavity 5 between the impeller 2 and the stator 4. In this case, the fluid rotating in the ring resonant cavity 5 is subjected to resonant excitation with a frequency F according to dependence (3). Then, the rotating fluid passes through the passive portion 5a of the annular resonance cavity 5 and enters the outlet annular vortex chamber 5b with a centripetal fluid flow, where the fluid continues to rotate at a peripheral speed corresponding to the known law of conservation of momentum. From the output annular vortex chamber 5b, the treated liquid flows through the central annular bypass hole 23 into the collection chamber 10 and from there it is discharged through the outlet 11 for further processing, storage or use. Part of the initially processed liquid is returned for additional processing from the annular resonance cavity 5 to the cavity 1 of the impeller 2 along the internal recirculation circuit, including an annular swirl chamber 5c. The amount of liquid returned for additional processing can be controlled by changing the flow area of the bypass annular vortex chamber 5c.

INDUSTRIAL APPLICABILITY

The practical field of industrial application of the invention covers the energy, heat engineering, chemical, oil refining, petrochemical and other industries related to the technological processing of liquids, as well as related industries.

The list of types of liquids amenable to hydromechanical processing according to the invention covers practically any natural and artificial liquids having bound hydrogen, primarily water, alcohols, hydrocarbon liquids and their mixtures, including water, in a wide range of viscosities and other physical chemical properties. In particular, hydrocarbon liquids such as an alcohol mixture before distillation, crude oil or gas condensate before distillation, fuel oil before re-distillation or cracking, gas oil before catalytic cracking, naphtha before reforming, other intermediate or final oil products, such as tar, including acid tar, before further processing or use. All kinds of solutions, emulsions, suspensions, etc. are also no exception. mixtures based on the mentioned liquids, including mutually immiscible ones, such as fuel oil with water, diesel fuel with water, gasoline with water and other water-fuel mixtures (composite fuel).

The following is a specific example of the practical implementation of the invention (Table 1) and options for its use in relation to heating water for a water heating system (Table 2), conditioning (the term “conditioning” here means giving the processed liquid physicochemical properties favorable in terms of efficiency further processing and / or use of the processed liquid) crude oil before distillation (Table 3) and preparation of the oil-water mixture as a composite fuel for the boiler plant (T bl.4).

Claims (11)

1. The method of resonant excitation of a liquid containing bound hydrogen for the destructive transformation of its chemical bonds at the molecular level using a rotary hydrodynamic pathogen, comprising (a) feeding the liquid to be treated into the cavity (1) of the impeller (2), rotating inside stator (4), (b) the discharge of the treated fluid from the impeller through a series of outlet openings (8) uniformly distributed on its peripheral annular surface (6) into the annular resonance cavity (5), limited by the peripheral annular surface of the impeller and the inner coaxial surface (7) of the stator, (c) the discharge of the treated fluid from the annular resonance cavity into the collection chamber (10) of the stator, (d) the return of a portion of the processed fluid from the annular resonance cavity into the impeller cavity for additional processing and (e) the removal of the treated liquid from the collection chamber, while the following empirical dependence of the nominal values is observed: R ³ n ² = 23.0949 · 10 ³ [m ³ / min ² ], where R [m] is the radius of the peripheral annular surface of the impeller; n [r / min] - the frequency of rotation of the impeller, characterized in that the annular resonance cavity is made developed in the axial direction so that its axial extent B is at least B = 1.7 b where b is the width of the flowing part at the output of the impeller. 2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that the annular resonance cavity at least on one side of the impeller is extended axially by a passive section (5a) formed by opposing coaxial surfaces of the stator. 3. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that the discharge of the treated fluid from the annular resonance cavity into the collection chamber is carried out through the output ring vortex chamber (5b) formed in the stator from the back of the impeller with a centripetal fluid flow. 4. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that the part of the processed fluid is returned from the annular resonance cavity to the impeller cavity through the bypass annular vortex chamber (5c) with a centripetal fluid flow formed between the front part of the impeller and the stator. 5. The method according to one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the resonant excitation of the liquid is carried out at a frequency F = K n 60 ^-1 [Hz], where n [rpm] is the frequency of rotation of the impeller; K = 1,72205 R d ^-1 - the number of outlet openings of the impeller, where R [mm] is the radius of the peripheral annular surface of the impeller, 3≤ d≤ 30 is the selected integer. 6. A device for the resonant excitation of a liquid containing bound hydrogen using a rotary hydrodynamic pathogen containing (a) a rotor (13), including a shaft (14) supported by bearings and at least one impeller mounted on the shaft ( 2), while (b) the impeller is made in the form of a bearing (17) and covering (17a) disks with a peripheral annular wall (18), in which a number of outlet openings (8) are made for the passage of fluid uniformly distributed around the circumference, ( c) a stator (4) having axial wall of the impeller (19), an inlet (3) for supplying fluid in communication with the cavity of the impeller, and an outlet (11) for draining fluid in communication with the collection chamber (10), (d) an annular resonance cavity (5) which is formed by the inner surface of the coaxial wall of the stator and the outer surface of the peripheral annular wall of the impeller and communicated with the collection chamber, (e) the circuit for internal recirculation of liquid from the annular resonance cavity into the cavity of the impeller and (f) means for driving the rotor and with a given speed, while the radius R of the outer surface of the peripheral annular wall of the impeller is R = 28.4777 n ^-2/3 · 10 ³ [mm], where n [r / min] - a given frequency of rotation of the impeller, characterized in that the peripheral annular wall of the impeller is made with a width, the minimum value of which is B = 1.7 b where b is the width of the flowing part at the output of the impeller. 7. The device according to claim 6, characterized in that a diaphragm (20) with a peripheral annular wall (21) is installed in the stator on at least one side of the impeller, the outer surface of which is concentric with the coaxial surface of the stator and has a diameter equal to or close to the diameter the outer surface of the peripheral annular wall of the impeller. 8. The device according to claim 6, characterized in that a partition (22) with a central annular bypass hole (23) is installed in the stator in front of the collection chamber. 9. The device according to claim 6, characterized in that the internal liquid recirculation circuit includes a bypass annular vortex chamber (5c) formed between the covering disk of the impeller and the stator. 10. The device according to one of claims 6 to 9, characterized in that the number K of the outlet openings of the impeller is K = 1.72205Rd ^-1 , where 3≤ d≤ 30 is the selected integer. 11. The device according to one of claims 6 to 9, characterized in that the radial size of the annular resonance cavity is H = 0.91 m [mm], where 10≥ m≥ 1 is the selected integer.

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