RU2259700C2 - Method and apparatus for hilling of tilled crop rows - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: agriculture, in particular, method and equipment used for cultivation of tilled crop rows.

SUBSTANCE: method involves mellowing soil in spacing and shifting soil to row by throwing it onto uncultivated surface to distance of 10-20 cm to form row while spilling soil onto weeds and stems of cultured crops. Apparatus has flat hoe with moldboard arranged behind it and extending in parallel with its cutting edge through the entire cutting edge width so as to adjust it in vertical plane. Rotary small moldboard is fixed at moldboard end by means of loop in aligned relationship with respect to moldboard. Small moldboard is retained in front position by torsion spring. Spring is secured with its one end on finger and abuts with its other end against movable plate of hoop to which small moldboard is attached. Pressure force applied by torsion spring is regulated by rotating finger, and its position is fixed by clamping of bolt plate fixed on finger. On repeated cultivations, rotary moldboard gradually turns relative to horizontal axis and is fixed by means of bolt.

EFFECT: increased efficiency in killing of weeds in row.

4 cl, 2 dwg

Description

The invention relates to agricultural machinery, namely to the working bodies for weed control.

Known working bodies for weed control in the rows of row crops by the earthing method: dumping paws, disk earthing and earthing machine PPR-5,6 (Rudenko N.E. Cultivation of row crops without the use of herbicides. M., Kolos, 1992, p. .98 ... 102).

The main significant drawback of the known technical solutions is the small width of the soil roller formed by these working bodies in a row. To completely cover a row with soil, a small protective zone is required, which is often impossible, and as a result, incomplete destruction of weeds in a row or significant damage to cultivated plants. There is also known a method and working body for hilling rows of row crops, which carries out hilling of rows in stages, in two steps, shifting the soil in a row (AS USSR No. 1475494 class A 01 B 13/82 // A 01 B 79/02 )

The main significant drawback of this technical solution, selected by the applicant as a prototype, is the small width of the soil roll created by him. It does not provide the earthing up of the entire protective zone of a row without damage to cultivated plants.

The aim of the present invention is the creation of a wide soil roller in a row of row crops, which allows to increase the degree of destruction of weeds in a row with a large protective zone.

This goal is achieved by the fact that the smooth displacement of the soil is replaced by throwing it in a row at a distance of 10-20 cm. For this purpose, on a working body consisting of a flat-cutting paw with a blade installed behind the paw, at the end of which a rotary dumper is mounted that extends beyond the cutting edge paws on the raw surface of the row and is held in the front position by a torsion spring, the stiffness of which is adjustable.

From the patent technical literature, as well as from the practice of working similar agricultural equipment, this set of essential features was not known. Based on this, the conclusion is valid:

1. The presented set of essential features meets the criterion of novelty of the claimed technical solution.

2. The claimed technical solution meets the criteria of the prior art.

The claimed technical solution can be used repeatedly, i.e. repeatedly reproduced, which meets the criterion of "industrial use".

Figure 1 shows a General view of the working body, rear view; figure 2 is the same, a top view.

The working body contains a plane-cutting paw 1, a blade 2 with a pointed and forward-curved edge mounted behind the paw to the width of its grip, with the possibility of height adjustment. At the end of the blade 2, with the help of the loop 3, a rotary dumper 4 is mounted in line with the blade, which is held in the front position by the torsion spring 5. It is attached at one end to the pin 6, and the other abuts against the movable plate of the loop 3, to which the dumper 4 is attached. The pressure force of the torsion spring 5 is regulated by turning the finger 6, and its position is fixed by clamping the bolt 7 of the plate 8, mounted on the finger 6. During repeated treatments, the rotary dumper is gradually rotated relative to the horizontal axis 9 and the bol 10 th.

The working body works as follows.

When the working body moves along the row, the soil is cut with a paw, the required layer is captured by the blade, moves to the row, actively turns over with the bent edge of the blade and crumbles. The rotary healer, passing along the uncultivated field, moves back under the action of a variable soil resistance and, due to this, makes oscillating movements relative to the vertical axis of the loop, throws the soil on it onto the untreated row surface, sprinkling the weeds growing there. When placing the working bodies on both sides of the row, uniform filling is ensured over the entire width of the protective zone.

The advantage of the claimed technical solution over similar solutions is that due to uneven soil resistance, oscillations of the rotary dumper relative to the vertical axis arise, which can not only displace, but also throw loose soil in a row. Due to the casting, the width of the row row of the soil is increased. This allows you to remove the working body from the row, increase the protective zone and reduce the likelihood of damage to cultivated plants.

Claims (4)

1. The method of hilling rows of row crops, including loosening the soil in the row-spacing and shifting it into the protective zone of the row on an untreated surface with the addition of weeds and stems of cultivated plants, characterized in that the soil is displaced by casting it at a distance of 10-20 cm. 2. A device for earthing up rows of row crops, containing a flat-footed paw with a blade mounted behind the paw and parallel to its blade to the width of the latter, and a dumper mounted on the blade with the possibility of rotation about the horizontal axis, mounted with it in one line and spring-loaded relative to it characterized in that the dump is connected to the blade by means of a loop mounted on the end of the blade, on the movable plate of which the dump is fixed with the possibility of rotation relatively vertically hinge axis, and is spring-loaded relative to the blade otvalchik torsion spring, one end of which is fixed on the finger, and the other is pressed against the movable plate for clamping the loop otvalchika in the forward position, and the blade is mounted on the fluke, with height adjustment. 3. The device according to claim 2, characterized in that the dumper extends beyond the cutting edge of the paw to an untreated surface. 4. The device according to p. 2, characterized in that the torsion spring is made with the possibility of regulation and fixation of its pressure on the rotary dump.

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