RU2048712C1 - Mouldboard tine - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: agricultural engineering. SUBSTANCE: mouldboard is made of tiered narrow plates, each arranged in a vertical plane and having a means for turning it left and right in a horizontal plane. EFFECT: improved design. 5 dwg

Description

 The invention relates to agricultural machinery and can be used as a tool in the processing of row crops: corn, soybeans, beets, vegetables, etc.

 Known working bodies for the cultivation of row crops (Karataev E.S. and Sovetkina V.E. Vegetable growing. L. Kolos, 1975, p.120).

 Known paw-dumper, consisting of a rack with a mounted dumper (Karpenko A.N. and Khalansky V.M. Agricultural machines. M. Kolos, 1983, p. 165). It serves to move the soil from the aisle to the protective zones of the row. They are made separately left and right.

 However, the dump truck works reliably only with fairly tall plants. Taking soil at a distance of 25-27 cm from the row, he shifts it to the protective zone, and weed control in the initial period of plant development is most effective.

 After pre-emergence tillage in the row zone, cultivated plants overtake weeds in their development. Therefore, when plants are at the stage of the first true leaflets (or pairs of leaflets), weed shoots only germinate. During this period, it is necessary to deal with them in the row zone, otherwise later we will need manual weeding, especially in areas where it is impossible to use herbicides, and when growing products for baby food. Weeds have thin root hairs, and even a slight displacement of the soil breaks them, causing significant damage to the weeds. But a small cultivated plant does not allow much movement of the soil and spud in an adjustable mode.

 For this we need a new working body.

 In FIG. 1 shows a working body, a top view; in FIG. 2 same side view; in FIG. 3 working position of the blade plates; in FIG. 4 arrangement of working bodies; in FIG. 5 processing scheme of a row of plants.

 A cheek 2 is mounted on a rack 1 of rectangular cross section, made of wear-resistant steel sheet with sharpened working edges. A blade is attached to it in the rear part, made in the form of narrow plates 3 arranged sequentially in the vertical plane, each of which is located in the vertical plane. One end of the plates is free, and bushings 4 with a notch at the ends are welded to the other. The bushings of all the plates are put on the bolt 5 (with a nut) and with the help of the eyes 6 they are attached to the cheek 2. On top of the bushings, the nut 7 is pre-screwed onto the bolt. This is a lock nut. It is turned away by one or two turns, any plate is turned to the right angle and in the right direction, then it is tightened again, fixing the plate in the turned state. Fixation is reliable due to the friction forces between the bushings and the end notches on them. The plates can be rotated both left and right in the horizontal plane. The thickness of the plates is 3.0-4.0 mm.

 The dump paw is used as follows.

After emergence of cultivated plants, starting from the phase of the first true leaves (pairs of leaves), a cultivator equipped with dump paws is put into operation. Each plate of the dumper has the ability to rotate around the rack in the horizontal plane to the desired angle α ₁ , α ₂ , α ₃ . If more soil needs to be moved to the row, the angle is increased, if less is reduced. If you do not need to move the soil with a plate, the angle α 0, i.e., the plate remains parallel to the direction of movement. The cultivator section 8 is placed on the base track 9, which was planned during pre-emergence row cultivation. A square rod 11 is attached to the section 10 bed, onto which there are 12 dump paws to the left and right of the row of plants. Depending on the phase of plant development, i.e., on the required amount of soil supplied to the row, the required number of plates is rotated by the required angle. At the same time, at the paw located to the right of the row, the plates are turned left and left to right. The depth of stroke of the cheek paws regulate the thickness and width of the loosened soil layer. When deepening the cheeks, the lower plates do not turn; they go parallel to the direction of movement. Only plates located above the ground and above are rotated. In the process of movement, the cheek loosens, fluffs the top layer of soil, and the plate picks it up and moves it to the row. In addition, the plate deforms the soil layer located directly in the row area, which contributes to the rupture of small root hairs in emerging seedlings of weeds. Rupture of hairs and sprinkling are two factors leading to the death of weeds in the row zone. Near the row on each side a small furrow 13 is formed, and in the row itself a soil roller 14. Part of the soil is poured through the plates and, falling into the groove, mulch its bottom, thereby preventing moisture from evaporating.

 The use of the dump paw in the earliest period of plant development allows us to destroy weed seedlings, thereby eliminating their negative impact on undeveloped plants. The formation of a roller along the row contributes to better warming of the soil, aeration, and the formation of additional roots. Wind and water resistance are increasing. In addition, the formed roller and grooves near the row better drain the soil, exclude the accumulation of excess moisture near the root neck of the plants, which reduces their incidence. The dump paw is universal, it can be used to work on either side of the row, while right- and left-side dump paws are now separately produced.

Claims (1)

 Paw dumper, including a stand with a cheek with a fixed blade, characterized in that the blade is made in the form of tiered narrow plates, each of which is located in the vertical plane and has a swivel for turning it both left and right in the horizontal plane, followed by fixation.

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