RU2259550C1 - Device for taking samples of specific peat soils - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: melioration and/or appropriate research.

SUBSTANCE: device has cylindrical pipe with sharp end, cutting knives with handles and rotary handles. Device body is made of thin-walled, smooth inside and outside cylindrical pipe with thickened lower and upper end. Lower thickened end of pipe has cutting teeth with different negative cutting angles, sharpened on outer side along perimeter, and apertures for inserting two cutting knives from outer side. Cutting knives have rigidity ribs along whole length and wedge-shaped edges bent at an angle 45-60°, sharpened on both sides. Upper thickened end of pipe is provided by recesses with locks.

EFFECT: simplified construction, lower costs, higher reliability, higher efficiency, broader functional capabilities.

1 cl, 2 dwg

Description

The invention relates to devices intended for sampling sphagnum peat soils, and can be used both for research and for practical purposes in land reclamation.

A device for sampling soil, including a sampling cup, rigidly fastened with a rod, having a thread with a step equal to the pitch of the thread on the rod and on the bracket, which is mounted on the platform (USSR copyright certificate No. 1629781, MKI 5 G 01 N 1/04, Bulletin No. 7, 1991). In this case, the ejection device is made in the form of a piston with rods rigidly connected to each other by a ring and mounted with the possibility of abutment against the inner surface of the bracket during reverse rotation of the rod handle. However, this device is difficult to manufacture and does not provide a given height of the sample.

Closest to the proposed one is a sampler, including a glass with an external screw-blade winding, cutters on the lower end and a cover on the upper end, a core-receiving sleeve located in it, a cover of a core-receiving sleeve with a rod at the end and a petal sample cutter with elastic curved elements (USSR copyright certificate No. 1670474, MKI 5 G 01 N 1/04, Bulletin No. 30, 1991). In this case, the cup is made with through longitudinal grooves, and the sleeve is mounted movably with the possibility of longitudinal movement relative to the cup and is equipped with a compression ring mounted coaxially with it with a sharpened leading edge, while the elements of the petal cutter are rigidly fixed to the outside of the cup and are located in its through longitudinal grooves and their lateral cutting edges are made with direct sharpening in the direction of drilling the glass.

The disadvantages of this sampler are the large metal structure and its complexity in manufacturing.

The aim of the invention is to simplify and facilitate the design, ensuring the reliability of cutting a given height of a sample of sphagnum peat soil while maintaining the structure of the sample.

In the claimed invention, this is achieved due to the fact that in the device for sampling sphagnum peat soils, including a cylindrical pipe with a sharpened end, cutting knives with handles and rotary handles, according to the invention, the device body is made of thin-walled smooth inside and outwardly cylindrical pipe with thickened lower and upper ends, the lower thickened end of the pipe has cutting teeth with different negative cutting angles, sharpened from the outside on the perimeter, and holes for input from the outside ony two cutting knives having stiffeners along the entire length and bent at an angle of 45-60 ° wedge-shaped ends, sharpened on both sides. In this case, the upper thickened end of the pipe is provided with recesses with locks. In addition, the device is equipped with a fixing three-rod fork.

An analysis of the patent and scientific and technical literature showed that the inventive device for sampling sphagnum peat soils was not described in the literature and contains distinctive features in comparison with known analogues.

Figure 1 shows a device for sampling sphagnum peat soils, a General view; figure 2 - fixing three-stem fork, General view.

A device for sampling sphagnum peat soils contains a thin-walled, providing strength during the cutting of the sample, smooth inside and outwardly cylindrical pipe 1 with a thickened lower 2 and upper 3 ends. The lower thickened end 2 of the pipe 1 has cutting teeth 4 with different negative cutting angles, sharpened around the perimeter from the outside. Differences in cutting angles are necessary for sampling soils of different densities, and this also gives clean cutting along the perimeter. In this case, the thickened lower end 2 of the pipe 1 has an external diameter exceeding the external diameter of the middle part of the pipe 1 by the wall thickness of the pipe 1, and the inner diameter of the thickened end 2 of the pipe 1 is less than the internal diameter of the middle part of the pipe 1 by the wall thickness of the pipe 1. The difference in diameters and the heights of the middle part of the pipe 1 and the thickened end 2 can reduce the friction of the device on the soil and the force when cutting the sample.

The lower thickened end 2 of the pipe 1 has two symmetrical holes 5 of a triangular shape for the input from the outside of the pipe 1 of two cutting plate knives 6. The cutting knives 6 are made with stiffeners 7, which give additional rigidity in the process of cutting the sample from the monolith, the handles 8 and bent at an angle of 45-60 ° wedge-shaped ends 9, sharpened on both sides. The cutting knives 6 are inserted by the ends 9 into the holes 5 on the outer side of the pipe 1. On the upper thickened end 3 of the pipe 1, there are two symmetrical recesses with locks 10 on the outer side for rigidly securing the cutting knives 6 in the process of cutting the sample from the monolith. At the thickened end 3 of the pipe 1 there are handles 11 for manually rotating the device around a longitudinal axis.

To maintain the structure of moss with tow or peat litter from twisting when cutting a soil sample, the device is equipped with a fixing three-rod fork 12 (figure 2), which is included in the device.

A device for sampling sphagnum peat soils works as follows. A fixing three-rod fork 12 is injected into the soil selected for sampling and the device is installed so that the fixing fork 12 is in the center of the lower thickened end 2 of the pipe 1. Using the handles 11, the device is pressed into the soil and simultaneously rotated around the longitudinal axis to a predetermined depth. When this cutting teeth 4 cut a soil sample around the perimeter. Then, cutting knives 6 with curved wedge-shaped ends 9 are inserted from the outer side into the holes 5 at the lower thickened end 2. The upper ends of the cutting knives 6 at the handles 8 are inserted into the recesses and rigidly fixed with locks 10 to the pipe 1 from the outside. With one rotation of the device around the longitudinal axis in either direction, the knives 6 end 9 cut off a soil sample from the monolith, which remains inside the pipe 1 and is held by the wedge-shaped ends 9 of the knives 6 when lifting the device. Then the cut soil sample is removed from the pipe 1 and placed in a sealed container for research.

The proposed device for sampling sphagnum peat soils is easy to manufacture, has a small metal consumption, reliable in operation and allows you to save the structure of the soil sample.

Claims (2)

1. A device for sampling sphagnum peat soils, including a cylindrical pipe with a sharpened end, cutting knives with handles and rotary handles, characterized in that the casing of the device is made of thin-walled, smooth inside and outwardly cylindrical pipes with thickened lower and upper ends, the lower thickened the end of the pipe has cutting teeth with different negative cutting angles, sharpened on the outside along the perimeter, and holes for input from the outside of the two cutting knives having stiffeners all over the length and the tapered ends bent at an angle of 45-60 °, sharpened on both sides, and the upper thickened end of the pipe is provided with recesses with locks. 2. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that it is equipped with a fixing three-rod fork.

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