RU2259038C1 - Injector for drop irrigation - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: agricultural amelioration, in particular, drop irrigation equipment.

SUBSTANCE: injector for drop irrigation has water outlet and porous casing. Water outlet is made in the form of case with lower and upper communicating chambers. Case is made detachable. Upper chamber is equipped with float valve having spherical member and ring arranged under spherical member. Ring is formed as tore. Case has inlet and outlet openings. Lower and upper communicating chambers are separated with membrane fixed in case between its detachable parts. Peripheral part of membrane is equipped with apertures for communicating lower chamber with upper chamber. Porous casing of injector and pressure regulator are arranged within outlet opening of water outlet casing. Pressure regulator is made in the form of replaceable porous member comprising yarn composed of twisted threads. Upper end of yarn is placed in lower chamber joined to porous casing, which is formed as replaceable cartridge. Cartridge cavity is closed at its lower end with conical tip for deepening of injector into soil root layer.

EFFECT: uniform moistening of soil root layer, differentiated feeding of irrigation water depending on water consumption by plant, surface evaporation and distribution of water into lower soil layers and plow layer.

5 cl, 1 dwg

Description

The invention relates to agricultural reclamation, in particular to drip irrigation.

Known drip outlet, comprising a housing with lower and upper communicating chambers equipped with float valves, and an inlet and outlet, in which, in order to reduce overall dimensions, the float valve of the upper chamber is equipped with a pair of levers pivotally mounted in the housing, with one of the ends of each of the lever freely lies on the surface of the said valve (SU, copyright certificate No. 1142062. A. MKI ⁴ A 01 G 25/02. Drip water outlet / PN Aliev, S. M. Glozman (USSR). - Application No. 3693605/30 -15; Stated July 29, 1983; Published on February 28, 1985, Byu l. No. 8).

The disadvantages of the described drip outlet include low operational reliability caused by the strictly vertical position of the hull, clogging of sediments and litter of inlet and outlet openings, as well as the surface distribution of precipitation.

The closest technical solution to the claimed object relates to an injector for drip irrigation, including a water outlet and a porous body, in which, with the aim of providing controlled water supply, increasing the reliability of irrigation and simplifying the design, it is equipped with a pressure regulator made in the form of a replaceable porous element (SU, copyright certificate No. 812237. MKI ³ A 01 G 25/02. Injector for drip irrigation / V.K. Gubin, G.Yu. Sheikin, N.P. Mityanin (USSR) - Application No. 2773423 / 30-15; Declared May 31, 2005 .1979; Publ. 15.03. 1981, Bull. No. 10).

The disadvantages of the drip irrigation injector, which we adopted as the closest analogue, include the low efficiency of its water outlet, the uneven distribution of precipitation along the depth of the wetted layer, high water consumption and the need for frequent replacement of the porous element (7) with a nipple (5).

The essence of the claimed invention.

The problem to which the invention is directed is to increase the efficiency of drip irrigation systems.

The technical result is a uniform distribution of precipitation along the depth of the root layer of the soil, a decrease in irrigation rates, an increase in agricultural productivity. crops, preservation of soil fertility.

The specified technical result is achieved by the fact that in the known injector for drip irrigation, which includes a water outlet in the form of a housing with lower and upper communicating chambers equipped with float valves, an inlet and outlet, and a porous housing with a pressure regulator made in the form of a replaceable porous element, according to According to the invention, the lower and upper communicating chambers are separated by a membrane located in the upper chamber, the float valves are made in the form of a ball and a ring in the form of a torus mounted under it, and This porous element is made in the form of a bundle of coiled threads, the upper end of the bundle is placed in the lower chamber associated with the porous body.

The invention is illustrated by the drawing, which shows the injector for drip irrigation, diametrical section, the position of the float valves in the housing when the upper and lower chambers are completely filled with water.

Information confirming the possibility of implementing the claimed invention are as follows.

The drip irrigation injector includes a water outlet 1 and a porous body 2 with a tip 3 on its lower part. The water outlet 1 is made in the form of a detachable housing with lower and upper communicating chambers 4, 5. The threaded portions of its upper and lower parts provide a detachable housing. The upper chamber 5 is equipped with float valves 6 and 7. The float valves 6 and 7 are made in the form of a ball and a ring mounted under it. The ring has the shape of a torus. The casing of the outlet 1 has an inlet and an outlet 8 and 9. The upper part of the casing has an opening 10 for communicating the cavity of the upper chamber 5 with the surrounding air. The lower 4 and upper 5 communicating chambers are separated by a membrane 11. The membrane 11 in the body of the outlet 1 is fixed by the end sections between its detachable parts. Holes 12 are made on the peripheral part of the membrane 11, hydraulically connecting the lower chamber 4 to the upper chamber 5. A porous injector body 2 with a pressure regulator is located in the outlet 9 of the water outlet housing 1. The pressure regulator is made in the form of a replaceable porous element. The latter is presented in the form of a tow of 13 of twisted threads. The upper end of the bundle 13 is placed in the lower chamber 4, paired with the porous body 2. The porous body 2 is made in the form of a removable sleeve with variable length and inner diameter. The cavity of the sleeve below is closed by a conical tip 3 for introducing the injector into the root layer of the soil. The injector is equipped with a nipple 14 for connecting a flexible sleeve to the water supply network of the drip irrigation system.

The injector for drip irrigation works as follows.

When irrigation water is supplied under pressure from the drip irrigation system network through a flexible sleeve paired with a nipple 14 of the upper part of the water outlet housing 1, the liquid enters the cavity of the upper chamber 5 through the inlet 8. When the upper chamber 5 is filled, the float valves 6 and 7 float to the side inlet 8. The lower valve 7 in the form of a torus provides a stable movement of the valves 6 and 7, regardless of the amount of inclination of the porous body 2 to the vertical. The upper float valve 6 provides a cut-off of the water coming from the hole 8, because the edge on the ball belt of the upper part of the housing 1 has a small width. The displaced air from the upper chamber 5 through the hole 10 goes into the atmosphere. When filling the cavity of the chamber 5, the float 6 closes the hole 8. From the upper chamber 5, water by gravity through the holes 12 of the membrane 11 fill the lower chamber 4.

Porous bodies 2 after transplanting seedlings, for example, vegetable crops, are placed in the root layer by the simplest device in the form of a rod with a handle. The core between the planted seedlings is introduced into the soil. The diameter of the rod is equal to the outer diameter of the porous body 2.

The injector with the tip 3 is lowered until the lower part of the body 1 of the water outlet comes into contact.

Next, the water from the lower chamber 4 is absorbed by a bundle 13 of twisted threads. The smallest suspensions, litter, microalgae from the supplied water are delayed by a tow of 13. Further, water molecules, due to gravitational forces, descend with equal speed along the length of the porous body 2, filling the sleeve cavity. From the sleeve through its walls, water penetrates into the soil layers and provides access to the roots of seedlings.

Due to the pressure difference in the upper chamber 5 and the lower chamber 4, the membrane 11 of elastic material is subject to fluctuations. These vibrations remove tiny debris, algae and sediment from microorganisms from holes 12. This ensures a uniform flow of water from the upper chamber 5 to the lower chamber 4. The shape and geometry of the chambers 4 and 5 provide a complete drain of water into the porous casing 2. The openings 10 of the casing 1 and the openings 12 of the membrane 11 provide atmospheric air in the cavity of the chambers 4 and 5. This eliminates the negative development of microorganisms, leading to clogging of the holes 12 of the membrane 11, as well as the water permeability of the bundle 13. The design of the sleeve of the porous body 2 makes it easy to replace the bundle 13. These and other innovations ensure the achievement of set technical result.

To increase irrigation rates, valve 6 and membrane 11 are removed from the casing 1 of the water outlet. When filling the cavity of the casing 1 with the valve 7, the hole 10 is closed. This eliminates the overflow of water from the casing 1. The injector of the described design will provide a differentiated supply of irrigation water taking into account the water consumption of the plant, surface evaporation and moisture distribution taking into account water permeability in the lower horizons of the soil and subsoil.

Claims (5)

1. Injector for drip irrigation, including a water outlet in the form of a housing with lower and upper communicating chambers equipped with float valves, an inlet and outlet, and a porous housing with a pressure regulator made in the form of a replaceable porous element, characterized in that the lower and upper communicating the chambers are separated by a membrane, the float valves located in the upper chamber are made in the form of a ball and a ring in the form of a torus mounted under it, and a replaceable porous element is made in the form of a bundle of twisted threads, the upper the other end of the bundle is located in the lower chamber, paired with the porous body. 2. The injector according to claim 1, characterized in that the housing is detachable. 3. The injector according to claim 1, characterized in that the holes on the membrane are made on its peripheral part. 4. The injector according to claim 1, characterized in that the porous body is made in the form of a replaceable sleeve. 5. Injector according to claims 1 and 2, characterized in that the membrane in the housing is fixed between its detachable parts.