RU225717U1 - Smart bin for separate disposal of various types of waste - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model relates to the field of waste management, and more precisely to the recycling of paper, plastic and organic waste. The smart ballot box can be used in the subway and at railway stations. Smart waste disposal bin containing a tank, a removable battery, a sealing plate, an electric motor for a waste separation mechanism, an electric motor for a waste compaction mechanism, an air suction unit, a waste separation mechanism, an infrared sensor (for detecting waste labeling), an information transmission sensor, a retractable mechanism for removing garbage bags, a drum for moving waste into the required containers. The technical result is expressed in improving the environmental situation, which consists in providing the possibility of sorting waste.

Description

Field of technology to which the utility model relates

The utility model relates to the field of waste management, and more precisely to the recycling of paper, plastic and organic waste. The smart ballot box can be used in the subway and at railway stations.

State of the art

A trash bin with a sealing agent is known (RF patent 2391282 C2, published: 06/10/2010 Bulletin No. 16). A waste bin for used paper towels or the like, having a top portion including a rear wall, two side walls, and a front wall, the top portion including a sealing means, the sealing means in its initial position dividing the interior of the waste bin into an upper compartment and a lower compartment and is configured to alternately open and re-close an opening in the lower part of the waste bin, characterized in that the sealing means consists of at least one plate which, from said closed initial position, performs a rotary and linear movement to open and re-closing said opening in the lower compartment, whereby said plate is rotated upside down during movement from a closed to a re-closed position.

The disadvantage of this garbage bin is the impossibility of separate waste collection due to the division of the internal space of the tank only into upper and lower compartments.

A mechanism for packaging garbage bags and a smart trash can is known (RF patent 2765812 C1, published: 02/03/2022 Bulletin No. 4). A garbage pouch packaging mechanism for a trash can located in a trash can body, wherein at an upper part of an inner wall of the trash can body there is a first fixed edge and a second fixed edge intersecting with the first fixed edge, the packaging mechanism includes a first pressure rod that can slide along a second fixed edge for closing the mouth of the garbage bag at the first fixed edge, or a first pressure rod that can slide along the second fixed edge to close the mouth of the garbage bag toward the center, and a second pressure rod that can slide along the first fixed edge to close the mouth garbage bag to the second fixed edge, the first pressing rod and the second pressing rod can cooperate to close the garbage bag to the first fixed edge and the second fixed edge, a device for hot melting and sealing the garbage bags is located adjacent to the junction between the first fixed edge and the second fixed edge edge; The packaging mechanism also includes a drive device that drives the first pressure rod and the second pressure rod.

The disadvantages of this smart trash can are: the lack of an automatic packaging mechanism, the high cost of consumable garbage bags, the unreliability of sealed bags, and the leakage of liquid, which leads to the appearance of unpleasant odors.

There is a known method for automated wireless monitoring of the degree of filling of a garbage container (RF patent 2750111 C1, published: 06.22.2021 Bulletin No. 18). The method consists of installing a garbage level monitoring device on the container wall at its upper edge, measuring the degree of filling of the container and transmitting information about the degree of filling of the container to the user software. The monitoring device includes a radiation redirection device, as well as a housing, inside of which there is a control processor and a radio transmitting device connected to it, a distance meter and a battery. The housing is installed on the outside of the container wall, and the redirection device is installed on the inside of the container wall opposite the distance meter.

The disadvantages of this method are: measurement distortions and inaccuracy in determining the filling of the tank due to the fact that the sensor for measuring the filling volume of the container is installed on the upper inner wall; placing the sensor inside increases the likelihood of damage to the sensor; The modem requires high power consumption to transmit data, which means it needs a capacious power source, and it can easily be damaged; If the tank has a lid, then measuring the filling volume is not possible.

Disclosure of utility model

A smart bin is an automated unit that has a special separate design that allows you to accept only suitable types of waste. It combines mechanisms and sensors that allow you to compress garbage, monitor the container's fullness, prevent waste from penetrating beyond the boundaries of the tank and eliminate the release of unpleasant and pungent odors around the trash can, thereby improving the overall environmental situation around the facility.

The essence of the proposed smart garbage bin with waste separation into categories consists of a plastic tank in which an air suction unit is installed (to create an air flow to prevent garbage from falling on the floor), a mechanism for distributing garbage into containers, which operates using an identification unit, which has an identification code for the corresponding type of waste, this mechanism moves the waste(s) to the desired container. The compaction mechanism is a metal plate that moves along rails located on opposite sides of the trash can. A device for remote monitoring of the filling status of garbage containers, which transmits information to the service company.

The technical result of this smart bin is to improve the environmental situation, which is to provide the ability to sort waste.

Brief description of drawings

Figure 1 shows a diagram of a smart bin for separate waste disposal, which includes:

1 - plexiglass tank;

2 - removable battery;

3 - air suction unit;

4 - infrared sensor (to determine waste labeling);

5 - waste separation mechanism (drum for moving waste into the required containers);

6 - sealing plate;

7 - rails;

8 - cable;

9 - rollers;

10 - electric motor for the waste separation mechanism;

11 - electric motor for the waste compaction mechanism;

12 - information transmission sensor;

13 - paper container;

14 - container for plastic;

15 - container for biowaste;

16 - retractable mechanism for removing garbage bags;

17 - door for removing garbage bags;

Implementation of a utility model

The smart bin for separate disposal of different types of waste works as follows:

Waste enters the plexiglass tank 1 through an air suction unit 3, which creates an air funnel to prevent light waste from falling past the smart bin. The waste enters the internal space of the tank 1, after which the infrared sensor 4 is activated to determine the labeling of the waste. The waste separation mechanism 5 is activated, which is a spur gear with three cells; this gear rotates due to the electric motor 10. The electric motor stops the gear above the desired container. After the gear stops, the electric motor 11 is activated and the compacting plate 6 opens and the waste falls into the required containers 13, 14, 15. The electric motor for the waste compaction mechanism 11 drives the plate 6 of the desired container along the rails 7 using rollers 9. After compacting the waste, the plate returns to the previous position using cable 8. Compacted waste falls into the garbage bag through the opening lower part of the container. When the bag is filled to 80% with waste, sensor 12 transmits information to the control panel of the contractor involved in waste removal. Also at the bottom of the tank there is a removable battery 2 to power electric motors 10, 11 and sensors 4, 12. Garbage bags are removed using a retractable mechanism 16 through the door at the bottom of the tank 17.

The operation of the installation is based on an innovative waste collection method: preventing light waste from falling past the smart bin using an air suction unit that creates an air funnel; separation of waste into separate containers using an infrared sensor that determines the properties of the object; compaction of waste using a special plate that moves along rails along the tank using rollers and presses the waste to the lower opening part of the tank.

An air suction unit, activated when a person approaches it, sucks waste into the internal space of the tank, which enters the internal space of the tank, after which an infrared sensor is activated to determine the waste labeling. The waste separation mechanism is activated and the drum moves the waste using the electric motor for the waste separation mechanism and distributes it into the space above the required containers. The electric motor for the waste compaction mechanism drives the plate of the required capacity along the rails using rollers. After compacting the waste, the plate is returned to its original position using a spring-loaded cable. The compacted waste ends up in a garbage bag through the opening lower part of the container. When the bag is filled 80% with waste, a sensor transmits information to the control panel of the contractor involved in waste removal. There is also a removable battery at the bottom of the tank to power the electric motors and sensors. Removal of garbage bags occurs using a sliding mechanism through the door for removing garbage bags.

Bibliography:

1. Smart ballot boxes, their advantages and differences from standard ones. https://secondindustrialization.rf/umnyit-urnyi/

2. Smart trash cans, https://unilight.ru/resheniya/umnye-musornye-baki/

3. Innovations in the waste sector: fandomats, sensors and smart sorting.

https://trends.rbc.ru/trends/green/5ee9dc6c9a7947091 ee27961

4. Garbage bin having a sealing agent. Videhell Emma. RF Patent 2391282 C2, published: 06/10/2010 Bulletin. No. 16

5. Garbage bag packing mechanism and smart trash can. Li Jiangxiang, Li Le. RF Patent 2765812 C1, published: 02/03/2022 Bulletin. No. 4

6. Method for automated wireless monitoring of the filling level of a garbage container. Sheptovetsky Alexander Yurievich, Korolkov Sergey Alekseevich. RF Patent 2750111 C1, published: 06/22/2021 Bulletin. No. 18.

Claims (1)

Smart bin for separate disposal of various types of waste, containing a tank, a removable battery, a compacting plate, an electric motor for a waste separation mechanism, an electric motor for a waste compaction mechanism, characterized in that it contains an air suction unit, a waste separation mechanism, an infrared sensor, an information transmission sensor .