RU2256426C1 - Device for treating the cases of distal occlusion - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: medical engineering.

SUBSTANCE: device has removable maxillary plastic plate and mandibular one. The plates are separate and joined with flexible tie rod. To provide uniform load distribution, the maxillary plate is manufactured as supporting member. The supporting member has arch in frontal part that is congruently adjacent to vestibular surface of the frontal teeth. The arch is manufactured from wire and rigidly connected to basis. Premolars and molars have cramp iron members on frontal contact surface. The mandibular plate is manufactured as mandibular alveolar part base and internal surface of lower teeth. The plate is fastened to dental row with cramp iron members and has flexible tie rod hooks.

EFFECT: enhanced effectiveness of treatment; no disturbances to speech and chewing; self-standing replacement of flexible tie-rod.

3 dwg

Description

The invention relates to medicine, namely to dentistry, and can be applied in orthodontics.

Known removable double-jawed orthodontic devices (Guide to orthodontics. // Edited by F.Ya. Khoroshilkina. - M .: Medicine, 1999. - pp. 452-472) used in children in the treatment of distal occlusion.

In particular, the Klammt activator is known (ibid.), Containing the palatine arch, the vestibular and lingual arches, the clasps on the upper lateral teeth and plastic lingual shields. The Klammt activator is more comfortable to use, therefore it is more often used in children.

Disadvantages:

- the installation of the Klammt activator in the oral cavity is performed with the mouth wide open and the lower jaw extended to a neutral ratio of the first permanent molars, which is almost impossible with distal occlusion accompanied by restriction of the movements of the lower jaw;

- the use of the Klammt activator provides for keeping the lower jaw in the extended position and closed teeth, which is impossible when restricting the movements of the lower jaw;

- the speech function in the presence of the Klammt activator in the oral cavity is performed through closed teeth, which affects the purity of sounds;

- to obtain a therapeutic effect, the Klammt activator must be used for at least 20 hours a day, which is difficult because of the need for regular food intake, communication with others;

- in the treatment of distal occlusion, it is recommended to extend the lower jaw simultaneously no more than 3 mm. If it is necessary to extend the lower jaw by more than 3 mm, two or more Klammt activators are made.

The Andresen-Hoyple activator used by us as a prototype contains maxillary and mandibular plastic plates rigidly connected along the line of closure of the dental arches in the position of the structural bite, in which the first permanent molars are in a neutral ratio, the clasps on the upper lateral teeth and the vestibular arch with two semicircular arches . If it is necessary to expand the dental arches, the activator is cut along the midline and a screw is installed in the sky. Depending on the combination of distal occlusion with incisal disocclusion or deep incisal occlusion, the chewing surfaces of the posterior teeth, or the cutting edges of the anterior teeth, may be covered with plastic overlays.

Disadvantages of the Andresen-Hoyple activator:

- sequential fitting of the maxillary and mandibular parts of the activator and its installation in the oral cavity are possible only with a wide open mouth, which is difficult to perform when restricting the movements of the lower jaw;

- the exclusion of the possibility of oral breathing and speech in the presence of an activator in the oral cavity causes discomfort in the child and the refusal to use the activator in the daytime;

- the use of the activator mainly at night leads to a lengthening of the adaptation period and the duration of treatment.

The essence of the claimed invention lies in the fact that the device for the treatment of distal occlusion containing a removable plastic plate, characterized in that the plates are made separate on the upper and lower jaws with the condition of their connection using elastic traction, and to ensure uniform distribution of the load of the plate on the upper jaw made as a support, consisting in the anterior section of the arch congruently adjacent to the vestibular surface of the front teeth of the arch, made of wire and rigidly connected to the bases catfish, and premolars and molars from the front contact surfaces are provided with clasps, the plate on the lower jaw is formed as a basis for the alveolar portion of the lower jaw, and the inner surface of the lower teeth and with the aid of clasps fixed to tooth row and is provided with a hook for the elastic traction of adequate therapeutic effect.

The invention is illustrated by drawings, which depict:

figure 1 - the maxillary part of the device for the treatment of distal occlusion; figure 2 - mandibular part of the device for the treatment of distal occlusion; figure 3 - device for the treatment of distal occlusion.

A device for the treatment of distal occlusion consists (Fig. 1) of a removable plastic plate 1 on the upper jaw containing in the anterior section congruently adjacent to the vestibular surface of the anterior teeth 2 an arch 3 made of wire and rigidly connected to the base, and premolars and molars 4 with the sides of the front contact surface are provided with clasps 5 and (2) of the plate 6 on the lower jaw, which is made as a basis on the alveolar part of the lower jaw and the inner surface of the lower teeth 7, with the help of clasps 8 is fixed to bnomu row and is provided with hooks 9 (3) of the elastic rod 10 that connects the maxillary and mandibular 11, 12 of the device.

The device operates as follows. The maxillary 1 and mandibular 6 plates are successively installed in the oral cavity, fixed to the teeth 2, 4, 7 with the help of clasps 5, 8. The elastic rod 10 is hooked between the extreme bends of the vestibular arch 3 of the maxillary plate 1 and the hooks 9 of the mandibular plate 6. Designed as a support the maxillary 11 part of the device evenly distributes the force of elastic traction on the palate, alveolar bone and teeth 2, 4 of the upper jaw. And the mandibular 12 part of the device, relying on the alveolar part of the lower jaw and the inner surface of the lower teeth 7, due to the elastic traction 10 helps to extend the lower jaw. The gradual strengthening of the elastic traction 10 provides the possibility of growth of the lower jaw. The device does not violate the functions of speech and chewing, oral hygiene, is subjected to cold sterilization. Monitoring the dynamics of treatment is carried out by the doctor once a month. The possibility of independent replacement of elastic traction by the patient ensures timely activation of the device and contribute to increasing the effectiveness of treatment.

Claims (1)

A device for treating distal occlusion containing a removable plastic plate on the upper jaw and a plate on the lower jaw, characterized in that the plates are separate and connected using elastic traction, moreover, to ensure uniform load distribution, the plate on the upper jaw is made as a support, consisting in the front a section of a wire congruently adjacent to the vestibular surface of the front teeth of the arch, made of wire and rigidly connected to the base, and premolars and molars from the front to ntaktnoy surfaces are provided with clasps, the plate on the lower jaw is formed as a basis for the alveolar portion of the lower jaw, and the inner surface of the lower teeth by means of clasps fixed to tooth row and is provided with a hook for the elastic traction.

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