RU2255074C1 - Steam cured foamed concrete - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: manufacture of building materials.

SUBSTANCE: steam cured foamed concrete is composed of, %: Portland cement 37.8-42.6, sand 31.3-37.8, protein-containing foaming additive modified with complex modifier M-3 9.1-9.4, and water 15.1-17,0, said complex modifier M-3 consisting of 0.04% aqueous colophony emulsion (57.6-57.8%) and 0.1% aqueous gelatin solution (38.5-38.6%).

EFFECT: increased compaction strength, reduced coefficient of heat conductivity, and increased coefficient of steam permeability.

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Description

The invention relates to the field of building materials and can be used for the manufacture of products in industrial and civil engineering.

Known heat-insulating concrete containing wt.%: Cement - 44,0-47,0; “Nika” foam-forming additive (on a protein basis) - 0.5-0.7, montmorillonite clay (including at least 60% of the mineral (Al, Mg) ₂ (OH) ₂ [Si ₄ O ₁₀ ] · H ₂ O and s specific surface area of 1500-2000 cm ² / g) - 11.0-13.8 and water - 40.0-42.8 (RF patent No. 2145586, C 04 B 38/10, 02.03.1999).

Known heat-insulating concrete containing, wt.%: Cement - 43,0-46,2; finely ground slag of metallurgical production (with an Fe (II) content of not more than 4%) - 12.0-14.4; sand - 18.0-15.0; a foaming additive (based on sodium stearate of a density of 1.15-1.7 g / cm ³ ) - 9.5-10.3; DEYA chemical additive (includes post-yeast distillery vinasse and modifier - expanded porous product with a bulk density of 0.5 g / cm ³ in an amount, wt.% 3.0 ± 0.5, represented by calcium-magnesium silicates) - 0.4- 0.5; aluminum powder - 0.5-0.6; fiber - 1.4-1.8 and water - 12.0-14.4 (RF patent No. 2145315, C 04 B 38/10, 02.03.1999).

Closest to the claimed mixture selected for the prototype, is a mixture for cellular autoclaved foam concrete containing cement - 38.0-42.0; sand - 28.0-30.0; lime - 4.2-4.6; complex foaming additive (sodium abietate C ₁₉ H ₂₉ COONa · 3C ₁₅ H ₂₉ COOH - 30.30-33.67, potassium alkali KOH - 6.88-7.64; glue - 10.67-11.83; water - 34.11-37.86 and salts of fatty acids - 9.0-18.0) - 0.4-0.7 and water - 25.4-26.7 (RF patent No. 2205814 C 04 B, 06.05. 2002).

The disadvantages of these analogues and the prototype include insufficient compressive strength, an increased value of the coefficient of thermal conductivity and a lower value of the coefficient of vapor permeability.

The problem to which the invention is directed, is the creation of autoclaved foam concrete with increased compressive strength, reduced thermal conductivity and increased vapor permeability.

The problem is solved in that the autoclaved foam concrete, including Portland cement, sand, water, a foaming additive, as a foaming additive contains a protein-containing foaming additive modified with a complex modifier M-3, consisting of an aqueous emulsion of rosin C = 0.04 wt.% And water gelatin solution C = 0.1 wt.% in the following ratio of components, wt.%:

- protein supplement 3.6 ... 3.8

- water rosin emulsion C = 0.04 wt.% 57.6 ... 57.8

- an aqueous solution of gelatin C = 0.1 wt.% 38.5 ... 38.6

and the following ratio of the components of the mixture for autoclaved foam concrete, wt.%:

- Portland cement 37.8 ... 42.6

- sand 31.3 ... 37.8

- protein-containing foaming

complex modified additive

modifier M-3 9.1 ... 9.3

- water 15.1 ... 17.0

At the time of application, according to the authors and the applicant, the inventive mixture for autoclaved foam concrete is unknown and has a world novelty.

The claimed combination of essential features exhibits a new property that allows you to obtain the specified technical result, namely, it increases the compressive strength, improves the thermal insulation properties of the material (decreases the thermal conductivity) and increases the coefficient of vapor permeability in comparison with the known technical solutions.

New is the combination of known components used in various foaming additives for foam concrete and their new quantitative ratio, which allows to obtain the specified technical result.

According to the authors and the applicant, this composition for autoclaved foam concrete is not known and it can be concluded that the invention meets the patentability condition of “novelty”.

The specified technical result is obtained through the use of a protein-containing foam-forming additive modified with the complex modifier M-3, which increases the stability of the foam in the cement paste, thereby providing a foam concrete structure with a rational distribution of pores throughout the volume, as well as during curing of the foam under hydrothermal conditions (at temperature = 172 ^{° C} and pressure = 8 atm.) increase hydration processes, accompanied by the formation of hydrosilicates and tobermoritopodobnyh tobe Morita, which being characterized by a high negative value of the enthalpy, help to reduce the thermal conductivity as well as increase steam permeability coefficient and the strength of the material.

The claimed invention is industrially applicable and can be used in industrial and civil engineering for the manufacture of products characterized by increased compressive strength, improved vapor permeability and improved heat-shielding properties.

The feasibility of the invention is confirmed by examples of specific performance.

An example of a specific implementation of the manufacture of autoclaved foam concrete

I. Preparation of the foaming additive modified with the complex modifier M-3.

1. dose 9% alcohol rosin solution

2. dose water

3. the metered components are mixed, obtaining a rosin emulsion with C = 0.04 wt.%

4. dose gelatin

5. dispense warm water with t = 40 ° C

6. the metered components are mixed, obtaining a gelatin solution with C = 0.1 wt.%

7. - dispense a solution of rosin C = 0.04 wt.%

 - dosed gelatin solution C = 0.1 wt.%

8. Metered dose solutions of rosin and gelatin are mixed until a homogeneous mixture is obtained, which is a complex modifier M-3

9. dose a protein-containing supplement

10. dose the complex modifier M-3

11. mix the metered components according to claim 9 and 10 to obtain a solution of a foaming additive modified with the complex modifier M-3.

II. Preparation of foam concrete mix.

1. Dosed Portland cement M400, fine sand with Ssp. = 200 m ² / kg, water and from a solution of a foaming additive, in the form of foam obtained using a foam generator, are placed in a concrete mixer, where they are thoroughly mixed to obtain a foam concrete mixture from which the products are molded and samples for quality control.

2. Molded products and samples are placed in an autoclave, where the hydrothermal treatment of products is carried out at t = 172 ° C and p = 8 atm.

The obtained research results are presented in the table.

An analysis of the results shows that for the autoclave foam according to this invention, compared with the prototype, an improvement in the following quality parameters is observed: strength increases by 18%, thermal conductivity decreases by 10%, vapor permeability increases by 13%.

Claims (1)

Autoclaved foam concrete, including Portland cement, sand, a foaming additive, water, characterized in that as a foaming additive contains a protein-containing additive modified with a complex modifier M-3, consisting of an aqueous emulsion of rosin C = 0.04 wt.% And an aqueous solution of gelatin C = 0.1 wt.% In the following ratio of components, wt.%: Protein-containing supplement 3.6 - 3.8 Aqueous emulsion of rosin C = 0.04 wt.% 57.6 - 57.8 An aqueous solution of gelatin C = 0.1 wt.% 38.5 - 38.6 and the following ratio of the components of the mixture for autoclaved foam concrete, wt.%: Portland cement 37.8 - 42.6 Sand 31.3 - 37.8 Protein-containing foaming agent complex modified additive M-3 modifier 9.1 - 9.3 Water 15.1 - 17.0