RU2252244C2 - Fuel composition and a method of its production - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: petrochemical industry; fuel compositions and methods of their production on the basis of petroleum heavy fractions.

SUBSTANCE: the invention is pertaining to fuel compositions and methods of their production on the basis of petroleum heavy fractions, and also to utilization of oily wastes and by-products of petrochemical industry. The fuel composition contains 1-7 % of recovered oil products, 3-9 % of the heavy gas oil of a catalytic cracking or the heavy gas oil of the time-lagged carbonization, or the heavy pyrolized resin, or a vat residue of production of butyl alcohols, and the rest - the residual fuel oil. The composition is produced by a premixing of 10-70 % of recovered oil products with 30-90 % of the heavy gas oil of the catalytic cracking or heavy gas oil of a time-lagged carbonization, or the heavy resin, or the vat residue of production of butyl alcohols at the temperature of 20-70°C. The received mix is then commixed with the residual fuel oil at the temperature of 25-50°C with production of a quantitative structure of the above-stated fuel composition. Realization of the given invention allows to produce a stable fuel composition, to effectively utilize the recovered oil products, to use as stabilizers of the fuel mixture the available products of a petroleum and petrochemical rerefining, to reduce power inputs, to improve an air medium ecology, to obtain an economic effect at the expense of utilization of the oily wastes and by-products of oil refining and petrochemical industry and production of additional volumes of the residual fuel oil.

EFFECT: the invention ensures production of a stable fuel composition, effective utilization of the recovered oil products, use of the available products of a petroleum and petrochemical rerefining as stabilizers of the fuel mixture, reduced power inputs, improved ecology, an economic efficiency.

2 cl, 2 ex, 5 tbl

Description

The invention relates to methods for producing a fuel composition based on heavy fractions, as well as the disposal of oily waste and petrochemical by-products.

Known fuel composition based on a heavy oil fraction with the addition of oil sludge obtained by mixing emulsified oil sludge separated from mechanical impurities and water heated to 70-80 ° C with a heavy oil fraction (application No. 95100099 RU, C 10 L 1/32, 20.07. 1996).

A common feature of the analogue and the present invention is that the composition of the fuel composition includes a heavy oil fraction and oily waste - oil sludge. A common feature of the method is emulsification and heating of oil sludge before mixing the components of the composition.

The disadvantage of this fuel composition is its low stability.

The disadvantages of the method of obtaining:

- the difficulty of separating water and solids from oil sludge;

- energy costs associated with heating oil sludge before emulsification.

In (patent No. 2041246 RU, C 10 L 1/32, 08/09/1995) a fuel composition of the following composition is described: oil sludge - 1-30%, coke dust - 0.1-5%, heavy oil fraction - 65-98.9 % A method of obtaining a fuel composition consists in mixing oil sludge with coke dust, and then with a heavy oil fraction, followed by emulsification of the resulting mixture.

A common feature of the known composition and the present invention is that the fuel composition contains a heavy oil fraction, oily waste - oil sludge and a stabilizer - coke dust. A common feature of the method is the sequential mixing of the components of the composition.

The disadvantages of this fuel composition are associated with the use of coke dust as a stabilizer and consist in increasing the content of solids in the fuel composition.

The disadvantages of the method of obtaining such a composition is the difficulty of obtaining a homogeneous mixture of oil sludge - coke dust, high dustiness of technological objects.

The closest (prototype) to the present invention is a fuel composition based on a heavy oil fraction and sludge (patent No. 2146694 RU from 03.20.2000). The composition additionally introduces production waste of synthetic fatty acids (FFA) in the following ratio of components: oil sludge 1-25%; waste products of SJK 0.004-0.1%; heavy oil fraction rest. The components are mixed at a temperature of 85-95 ° C in series: oil sludge is pre-mixed with the waste products of FFA, sedimented, water and solids are separated and mixed with a heavy oil fraction.

The disadvantages of this fuel composition are associated with the use of FFA waste and are:

- corrosion of equipment during pumping and transportation of the fuel composition;

- oxidation of the fuel composition with atmospheric oxygen;

- a limited amount of FFA waste.

The disadvantages of the method are:

- significant energy costs associated with the heating of the components of the fuel composition during its preparation;

- the need for sedimentation and separation of water and solids in the production of fuel composition.

An object of the invention is:

- improving the stability of the resulting fuel composition;

- qualified use of trapped oil products and products of secondary oil refining and by-products of oil refining and petrochemicals;

- reduction of energy costs;

- the exception of the stage of separation of water and solids in the production of the fuel composition;

- reduction of negative environmental impact.

The problem is solved due to the fact that:

1. As a stabilizer for a trapped oil product, and consequently, for a fuel composition, oil refined products or petrochemical by-products are used, namely, heavy gas oil of catalytic cracking, or heavy gas oil of delayed coking, or heavy pyrolysis resin, or still bottoms of butyl alcohol production the ratio of components,% wt: trap oil 10-70, stabilizer 30-90.

2. Trap oil is mixed with a stabilizer at a temperature of 20-70 ° C.

3. The resulting mixture is dispersed at a temperature of 25-50 ° C in heating oil to obtain a fuel composition of the following composition,% wt .:

trap oil 1-7

stabilizer 3-9

heating oil the rest.

A comparative analysis of the prototype and the present invention shows that a common feature of the composition is that its composition includes a heavy oil fraction, oily waste and a stabilizer. And the method involves pre-mixing oily waste with a stabilizer, and then with a heavy oil fraction when the mixture is heated.

The differences of the invention from the prototype are:

- Use of heavy fuel oil as a heavy oil fraction;

- the use of trap oil product as oily waste;

- the use, as stabilizers of the fuel composition, of a heavy gas oil of a catalytic cracking unit, or of a heavy gas oil of a delayed coking unit, or of a heavy pyrolysis resin, or of bottoms from the production of butyl alcohols;

- excellent quantitative indicators of the ingredients;

- excellent temperature range when mixing the components of the fuel composition;

- the exception of the stage of separation of water and solids in the preparation of the fuel composition.

Using the proposed method allows to obtain a stable fuel composition, to properly utilize trap oil, use available products of secondary processing of oil and petrochemicals as stabilizers of the fuel mixture, reduce energy consumption, and improve the environmental condition of the air.

To prepare the fuel composition, heating oil is used, the quality indicators of which are shown in table 1, trap oil product (LN), which is a stable polydisperse concentrated colloidal system, the quality of which is shown in table 2, stabilizers are heavy catalytic cracking gas oil (THCK), or heavy gas oil delayed coking (TGZK), or heavy pyrolysis resin (TPS), or still bottoms production of butyl alcohols (COBS), the characteristics of which are shown in table 3.

Fuel oil quality indicators Table 1 Name of indicator Norm according to GOST 10585 Value Test method Viscosity at 80 ° C
conditional, degrees WU no more than 16.0 2.2 GOST 6258 Mass fraction of water,% no more than 1,0 out GOST 2477 Mass fraction of sulfur,% no more than 1,5 1.12 GOST 1437 Pour point, ° C no higher than 25 thirteen GOST 20287 Density at 20 ° C g / cm ³ not standardized 0.934 GOST 3900 Calorific value, kJ / kg no less than 40530 41140,4 GOST 21261 Flash point, ° С not lower than 110 139 GOST 4333

Trap oil characterization table 2 The name of indicators Value Analysis method Mass fraction of water,% 43,4 GOST 2477 Mass fraction of mechanical impurities,% 1.40 GOST 6370 Density at 20 ° C, g / cm ³ 0.787 GOST 3900

Characteristics of stabilizers Table 3 Name of indicator Stabilizers Test method THCC TGZK Tsp COBS Viscosity at 80 ° C, conditional, degrees WU 1.7 1,2 1,5 1,1 GOST 6258 Pour point, ° C -fifteen -18 -41 -61 is not frozen GOST 20287 Density at 20 ° C
g / cm ³ 0,996 0.833 1,064 0.865 GOST 3900 Flash point, ° С 162 156 80 65 GOST 4333

The implementation of the invention is shown in the following examples.

Example 1

Evaluation of the effectiveness of the proposed stabilizers is carried out according to the following method:

- trap oil is homogenized on a high-speed mixer (3000 rpm) for 10 minutes;

- prepare mixtures of trap oil and stabilizers (heavy gas oil of a catalytic cracking unit and heavy gas oil of a delayed coking unit, heavy pyrolysis resin, bottoms of butyl alcohol production) by stirring for 2 minutes on a high-speed mixer at a temperature of 20-70 ° C;

- the resulting mixture is defended in the measured glass cylinders and assess their stability, which is expressed in time (days) elapsed before the release of water or sludge. The experimental results are shown in table 4.

Characterization of mixtures of flax with stabilizers Table 4 LN in the mixture,% Stabilizers THCC TGZK Tsp COBS Isolation of water, days 10 > 30 > 30 > 30 > 30 thirty > 30 twenty 5 > 30 fifty thirty 10 3 > 30 100 0.5 (without stabilizers) Sludge release, days 10 > 30 > 30 > 30 1 thirty > 30 14 > 30 1 fifty > 30 10 > 30 1 100 1 (without stabilizers)

The results presented in table 4 show that all of the proposed components stabilize the trap oil. The greatest stabilizing effect is exerted by heavy catalytic cracking gas oil (THCK), which has a high content of polycyclic aromatic, unsaturated hydrocarbons and resins, thereby forming very stable emulsions with water.

Example 2

Obtaining a fuel composition is as follows: obtained in example 1, a mixture of LN and a stabilizer with a ratio of components of 30: 70% wt. mixed with heating oil in a ratio of 1: 9 at a temperature of 25-50 ° C. The composition is homogenized and its quality is examined according to the main indicators stipulated by GOST 10585. The results characterizing the quality of the fuel composition (table 5) show that the fuel compositions obtained by the proposed method correspond to the quality indicators of fuel oil stipulated by GOST 10585. The stabilizers used positively affect the uniformity a fuel composition that is stable for more than 150 days. Without the use of stabilizers, the fuel composition exfoliates after 60 days.

Quality indicators of the fuel composition Table 5 Quality indicators Norm The composition of the sample,% wt. 100% fuel oil 3% LN, 7% stabilizer, 90% fuel oil 3% LD, 97% THCC TGZK Tsp COBS fuel oil Pour point according to GOST 20287, ° C Not higher than 25 thirteen eleven eleven nine 7 17 Flash point according to GOST 4333, ° С Not lower than 110 139 134 135 122 132 138 Calorific value according to GOST 21261, kJ / kg No less than 40530 41140,4 40,739.0 40721.0 41,670.2 40710.0 41010.5 Homogeneity, day Not normal > 150 > 150 > 150 > 150 > 150 60

Implementation of the proposed technical solution makes it possible to obtain a stable fuel composition, skillfully utilize trapped oil product, use available products of secondary processing of oil and petrochemicals as stabilizers of the fuel mixture, reduce energy consumption, improve the ecological state of the air environment, and obtain economic benefits through the use of waste and by-products of oil refining and petrochemicals and the production of additional volumes of heating oil.

Claims (2)

1. A fuel composition consisting of a heavy oil fraction, oily waste and a stabilizer, characterized in that it includes heating oil, trap oil and a stabilizer — heavy catalytic cracking gas oil, or delayed coking heavy gas oil, or heavy pyrolysis resin, or bottoms from butyl production alcohols in the following ratio of components, wt.%: trap oil 1-7 heavy catalytic cracking gas oil, either heavy gas oil delayed coking, either heavy pyrolysis resin or bottoms production of butyl alcohols 3-9 heating oil rest 2. A method of obtaining a fuel composition, comprising pre-mixing oily waste with a stabilizer, and then with a heavy oil fraction when the mixture is heated, characterized in that the trapped oil is pre-mixed with heavy catalytic cracking gas oil, or delayed coking heavy gas oil, or heavy pyrolysis resin, or VAT residue of the production of butyl alcohols at a temperature of 20-70 ° C in the following ratio of components, wt.%: trap oil 10-70 heavy catalytic cracking gas oil, either heavy gas oil delayed coking, either heavy pyrolysis resin or bottoms production of butyl alcohols 30-90 and then with heating oil at a temperature of 25-50 ° C in the following ratio of components, wt.%: trap oil 1-7 heavy catalytic cracking gas oil, either heavy gas oil delayed coking, either heavy pyrolysis resin or bottoms production of butyl alcohols 3-9 heating oil rest