RU2249647C2 - Low drawbridge - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: bridge-building, particularly for drawbridges building.

SUBSTANCE: drawbridge includes drawn navigation span and non-drawn innavigation span, opening and closing mechanisms, permanent piers and bridge railing. Spans include span structures, wherein span structure in navigation span is of double-wing type. Bridge is low and comprises ice-passing structure. Drawn span is provided with grating with upper part located in water level or under water level. Formed in grating are socket-like depressions. Wings of double-wing structure are composed of beam set beams in which have equal heights, preferably of metal beams, wherein wing ends pivotally rest upon permanent piers. Posts of additional movable piers are pivotally connected to another wing ends. Movable piers are adjustably installed in grating depressions so that piers may be fixed in depressions and wings may operate in launched position as beams on two supports. Wings are connected one to another by flexible ties to prevent wind-caused bridge swinging. Ties may be formed, for instance, of ropes with ends arranged in anchoring depressions. In drawn position rope ands are inserted in longitudinal grooves located under bridge roadway.

EFFECT: extended range of low bridges usage, widened navigation underpass, for instance possibility to increase thereof by 6 - 10 m due to console enlargement along with provision of constant beam height.

2 cl, 4 dwg, 1 ex

Description

The invention relates to bridge construction and can be used in the construction of low-water bridges on navigable rivers.

A known analogue of A.S. SU No. 1151641 A, IPC 7 01 D 19/03. published in bull. No. 15 dated 04/23/1985. Author Fayko Yu.I. (analogue). A low-water bridge with pile supports with nozzles and a span with a carriageway installed on them, characterized in that, in order to prevent disassembly of the span for the period of ice drift and its subsequent installation, it is equipped with an ice transfer device made in the form of a reinforced concrete beam of triangular section, mounted on nozzles of supports on the upper side of the bridge and the adjacent one side to the span, and the carriageway is made with a one-sided slope to the lower side of the bridge.

The disadvantage of the analogue is the unsuitability of such a bridge for use on navigable rivers, the small bridge space of which does not correspond in height and width to the Standard “Bridges on inland waterways. Dimensions of bridge spans ”, which limits the scope of their distribution and reduces the effectiveness of investment in bridge construction.

At the same time, the device of the floating output link does not solve the problem of skipping the ice drift, strengthens the dependence on fluctuations in water levels, leads to an increase in transport downtime, reduces the throughput of communication lines of cross directions, increases operating costs.

The closest prototype is a drawbridge with movable spans of a double-wing structure on permanent supports, which are used to overlap small and medium spans (from 20 to 35-40 m), described in the book by N.I. Polivanov. Drawbridges. Moscow, Dorizdat, 1951, pp. 5-8 (prototype) and in copyright certificate No. 949037 E 01 D 15/06 “The mechanism for opening and lowering the drawbridge”. Authors Yu.M. Silnitsky et al.

A bridge with drawbridges, drop-down spans is built to allow vessels to pass at the intersection of land and waterways, when local conditions do not allow a permanent bridge with a sufficient height of the bridge clearance, and the opening and lowering (guidance) of the span is carried out using a mechanism with the transfer of force to span (wing) from an electric motor through a gear or pinway, but another, more modern mechanism is known, which transfers forces through the hydraulic cylinder rod, working from an autonomous power plant using river flow energy. In addition, the bridge is equipped with sound and light alarms, a barrier to ensure traffic safety on both land and waterways.

The disadvantages of the prototype are - low stiffness (fluctuation) of the span in the hover, each wing of which works as a console, which worsens the conditions of movement on the bridge, and on the way to “tighten” it there are regulatory restrictions on the construction height (h <0.6m) of beams for low-water bridges, poor resistance to horizontal, especially ice loads, the high cost of the structure, since its cost is several (3-5) times higher than the cost of building a low-water bridge, unsuitability of electric drives and mechanisms in loviyah high water flooding, etc.

EFFECT: expanding the boundaries of distribution of low-water bridges through the development of navigable rivers, the availability of broadening of the navigational dimensions at a constant height of beams (wings) due to the lengthening of their consoles and the installation of, for example, two movable supports, increasing economic efficiency by reducing the cost of building expensive high-water and unproductive floating bridges, optimization of the operating mode by introducing remote and even automatic regulation of land movement about and river transport, reduce distances between rural settlements and objects.

The specified technical result is achieved by the fact that:

1. A drawbridge, including navigable opening and non-navigable spans with spans, two-winged in the navigable span, mechanisms for opening and lowering them, permanent supports, bridge fences, characterized in that the bridge is low-water and contains an ice pass, and the opening span is equipped with a grill, top which is located at or below the bottom of the river, and in the grillage recesses are made in the form of nests, and the wings of a two-winged span are made of a set of beams of constant height, mainly meta individual, while one of the ends of the wings is pivotally supported by constant supports, and to the other ends of the wings are pivots of additional movable supports installed with the possibility of centering and fixing in the nests of the grillage and ensuring the operation of the wings in the induced position, like beams on two supports, to prevent the buildup from wind load, the wings are joined by flexible extensions, made, for example, in cables, the ends of which are placed in anchor nests, and in the hovered position - in longitudinal niches under the carriageway of the bridge.

2. The drawbridge according to claim 1, characterized in that for the possibility of disclosing a navigable span in an underwater - flooded position, when the high water horizon drops to a point at which the guaranteed depth of the ship’s passage above the bridge is not provided, the bridge is equipped with freight trucks installed on both banks winches and traction cables that are attached to the wings by means of an auxiliary mounting frame, as well as supporting hinged racks stacked in longitudinal niches along bridge fences on both sides of the bridge.

Figure 1 shows a drawbridge low-water bridge in the induced position for passing ground transport and pedestrians.

In Fig.2 - the same, after the opening of the navigable passage for the passage of river transport. The traffic on the bridge is closed.

Figure 3 is the same, with the closed movement of ground transport under the conditions of high water passage.

Figure 4 is a transverse section of the bridge along the alignment of the movable support.

The movable low-water bridge contains permanent bearings 1, navigable 2 and non-navigable 3 flights, bridge fences 4, ice pass 5 and mechanisms for opening and lowering the movable bridge. Two-winged navigable span 2 consists of a set of beams of constant height, mainly metal, whose ends through hinges 6 and 7 are supported, respectively, by constant 1 and movable 8 supports, freely mounted on the grillage 9 and fixed in its nests (recesses) 10.

The mechanisms for opening and lowering the drawbridge are represented by hydraulic cylinders 11 with a system of pipelines and valves, driven by their own portable hydraulic turbines using the kinetic energy of the river flow, located in the underwater part of the supports 1 (not shown), and freight winches 12, which should be located on both banks in non-flooded areas. Traction cables 13 are attached to the span of the navigable span 2 through auxiliary mounting frames 14 and before passing the ice drift, together with hinged posts 15, are laid in longitudinal niches 16 along the bridge structures on both sides of the bridge. Stretch marks 17 of the measured length are cables weighed by end loads and passed through rollers into niches under the carriageway of the bridge.

Implementation example

The movement of river transport in navigable passage 2 is as follows. With the help of warning devices - light, sound signals, and also a barrier, the movement of ground transport is closed and opening mechanisms are launched, for example, hydraulic cylinders 11, which, relying on a constant support 1, transmit forces to the wings of the span structure of the shipping span 2 and turn it around the hinges 6. Together with the rise of the wing leaves its nests 10, the grillage 9, the movable support 8, which due to the hinges 7, while maintaining its verticality, is pressed against the plane of the wing. When the angle of rotation close to 90 ° is reached, the lift stops, and the position of the wings is fixed by limit switches and braces 17, which leave their niches and, after sampling, slackes automatically anchor in the end sections of the wings. After passing the river transport, the mechanisms for lowering the wings of the span structure 2 are started. When disengaging the hydraulic cylinders 11, under the influence of their own weight, the span structure 2 (wings) drops to the full contact of the struts of the movable support 8 in the nests 10 of the grillage 9.

To pass vessels (river transport) during the flood period, at high water, as a rule, no manipulations with the adjustable span are required, since water transport can freely move over the bridge. And only at the decline of floods and in any other cases, when the water depth approaches 1.5 m above the bridge surface, the operation to open the span structure 2 in the underwater (flooded) state is carried out mainly with the help of freight winches 12 and traction cables 13, which due to the use of two types of mechanisms of opening and lowering, which, incidentally, are also suitable for securing each other.

To implement the proposed design of a low-level drawbridge, there are permanent supports 1, navigable 2 and non-navigable 3 spans with corresponding spans, bridge fences 4, ice pass 5, articulated support parts 6 and 7, movable supports 8 installed on the grillage 9 in slots 10, and also mechanisms of opening and lowering - hydraulic cylinders 11, cargo winches 12 and traction cables 13, which, when inoperative, together with auxiliary mounting frames 14 and support racks 15 are placed in niches 16, stretch marks - 17.

Claims (2)

1. A drawbridge, including navigable opening and non-navigable spans with spans, two-winged in the navigable span, mechanisms for opening and lowering them, permanent supports, bridge fences, characterized in that the bridge is low-water and contains an ice pass, and the opening span is equipped with a grill, top which is located at or below the bottom of the river, and in the grillage recesses are made in the form of nests, and the wings of a two-winged span are made of a set of beams of constant height, mainly meta individual, while one of the ends of the wings is pivotally supported by constant supports, and to the other ends of the wings are pivots of additional movable supports installed with the possibility of centering and fixing in the nests of the grillage and ensuring the operation of the wings in the induced position as beams on two supports, to prevent buildup from wind load, the wings are combined by flexible extensions made, for example, in cables, the ends of which are placed in the anchor nests, and in the hovered position - in the longitudinal niches under the carriageway of the bridge. 2. The drawbridge according to claim 1, characterized in that for the possibility of opening in the underwater - flooded position, when the high water horizon drops to a point at which the guaranteed depth of the ship over the bridge is not ensured, the bridge is equipped with freight winches installed on both banks and traction cables that are attached to the wings by means of an auxiliary mounting frame, as well as supporting hinged racks stacked in longitudinal niches along bridge fences on both sides of the bridge.

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