RU2249584C2 - Biological fertilizer - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: agriculture, in particular fertilizer for agricultural, forestry, and pot plants.

SUBSTANCE: biological fertilizer contains (%): growth agents (e.g., aqueous extract from Kalanchoe leaves) 3; inhibitor of soil pest growth and fungal and bacterial diseases (e.g., soil-entomopatogenic associative nematodes and waste products thereof, as well as living nematode-symbiotic bacteria) 0.001 and 0.0001, respectively; feed source (e.g., sodium humate) 0.1; and balance: water. Fertilizer of present invention finds plants with feedstuff, physiologically active substances and reduces helpful symbiotic microflora of rhizosphere.

EFFECT: fertilizer of improved quality.

Description

The invention relates to the field of crop production and can be used to feed agricultural, forest and indoor plants in order to obtain physiologically healthy plants and increase productivity.

The growth and development rate of both an individual plant and its individual cells, tissues and organs, regenerative ability, the quantity and quality of the crop, the viability of the offspring left off depend on many factors. This is primarily the presence of water and nutrients in the substrate. However, the presence of water and nutrients is not yet a guarantee of obtaining physiologically healthy plants with maximum regenerative ability and high yields. Many plants, isolated from natural biocenoses and bred in monocultures, do not receive growth substances produced by symbionts,

which play for them no less important role than vitamins for animals. Plants also use physiologically active substances secreted by the microflora associated with the rhizosphere, and use the nutrients processed by them.

In connection with the excessive use of pesticides against pests (acaricides, insecticides, pesticides), diseases (fungicides, nematicides), and especially against weeds (herbicides), the rhizosphere microflora greatly embarrasses, or even disappears. This leads to a sharp deterioration in the physiological state of plants and a drop in productivity.

Typically, plant growers focus on supplying plants with water and the optimal combination of essential nutrients. To this end, water the plants and fertilize. However, with a lack of positively affecting physiologically active substances, the implementation of these measures in some cases does not lead to a positive effect. Seeing this fact, plant growers strive to increase the doses of mineral fertilizers, which also slightly affects the crop, but leads to the accumulation of nitrates and nitrites in agricultural products, which negatively affects people's health.

The aim of our invention is to create an activating top dressing for plants, which would combine the supply of plants with nutrients, physiologically active substances and at the same time contribute to the restoration of useful symbiotic microflora of the rhizosphere.

Known used for this purpose is the biological product AGAT-25. Bacteria producer (Pseudomonas aureofaciens). Designed for preplant planting of seeds of cereals, legumes, flax and other crops. It is used instead of chemical protectants. Stimulates seed germination. Harmless to humans, animals and bees. Worker Center for Biological Stimulation and Plant Protection / 1 /. A number of other biological products of the same purpose are known, in particular SIMBIONT-UNIVERSAL from the Far Eastern medicinal plant Ginseng, RIZOPLAN, a biological product similar to the drug AGAT-25, etc. / 2 /. Also known is a biological fertilizer containing growth substances, inhibitors of the development of soil pests and pathogens of fungal and bacterial diseases, a plant food source and water / 3 /, which we choose for the prototype.

However, the listed biological products are very expensive and operate in a relatively low spectrum of active concentrations.

The purpose of the invention is that in order to feed agricultural, forest and indoor plants and supply them with biologically active substances and microorganisms that restore the microflora of the plant biosphere, we use the biological fertilizer we offer, including water extract from Kalanchoe leaves (3%), soil-entomopathogenic associative nematodes and their metabolic products (0.001%), live, symbiotic bacteria with nematodes (0.0001%), sodium humate (0.1%) and water (the rest).

Our biological fertilizer, which we arbitrarily call AKTIBATOP-A, contains DIPRIN biopreparation waste, which is usually drained into the sewers, the water extract from the leaves of the colanchoe, which comes from the tropics, multiplies extremely quickly and is inferior to ginseng in healing and biostimulating properties. , and sodium humate included in the fertilizer emit natural material of sapropel, which does not have a high cost. The indicated combination of nutrients and other bioagents is proposed for the first time.

The drug is a clear liquid from light brown to dark brown. The pH of the aqueous suspension is from 6.0 to 7.5. The number of soil-entomopathogenic associative nematodes is not less than 1.0 in 1 l, the number of live symbiotic bacteria with nematodes is not less than 100000000 in 1 l.

The drug increases the growth rate, roots and stems and the overall growth of plant biomass, provides an increase in yield.

The drug is used by spraying or watering with a working fluid-concentrate diluted 100,000 times - (0.1 ml per 10 liters of water) of vegetative plants, pre-sowing seed soaking in the same solution, adding to the wells before planting (50 ml of working solution per well) as well as by spraying tubers of food potatoes before long winter-spring storage with the same solution at the rate of 10 liters of working fluid per 1 ton of stored potato and for pre-planting seed potato tubers with working fluid in the same Zech and at the same concentration as that of tubers watering potted plants with the same solution at normal water flow.

Due to the fact that bacteria symbiotic with nematodes secrete substances that inhibit soil pests (down to 70-80% - insects, 70-80% galls, 60-70% cyst-forming phytopathogenic nematodes), and also negatively affects pathogenic fungus of potato - late blight (reduction by 40-50%, pathogens of bacterial rot, reduction in the number of potato tubers affected by wet rot of potatoes during prolonged winter-spring storage by 10-18%), the proposed drug has an effect not only as a fertilizer, but also as natural inse who is fungicide-nematicide.

The drug is prepared as follows: in the liquid waste from the production of the biological product DIPRIN, the number of live soil-entomopathogenic associative nematodes and their metabolic products is brought to 0.001%, live symbiotic bacteria with nematodes to 0.0001% and an aqueous extract from Kalanchoe leaves (3%) is added and sodium humate (0.1%). The resulting mixture was diluted with water to 1 l, obtaining a substance in the following ratio of components, in%:

water extract from Kalanchoe leaves 3

soil-entomopathogenic associative

nematodes and their metabolic products 0.001

live nematode symbiotic bacteria 0.0001

sodium humate 0.1

water rest

An aqueous extract from Kalanchoe leaves is prepared as follows: 100 g of plant leaves are poured into 100 ml of boiling water and infused for 7 days, then drained and brought with tap water to a volume of 1 liter.

The shelf life of the drug is 1 year from the date of manufacture. Storage conditions. The drug is stored in the refrigerator at a temperature of 2 - 4 ° C.

SOURCES OF INFORMATION

1. Biological product BPM - Agate-25. Leaflet. JV Agat-credit Center for Biological Stimulation and Plant Protection, Pushchino, Moscow Region, 1992.

2. RF patent 2154935 "Method for the cultivation of crops." Class C 27 A 01 G 1/00, 9/00 from 11/27/98.

3. RF patent 2111196, cl. C 05 F 11/08 from 05/20/98.

Claims (1)

Biological fertilizer containing growth substances, inhibitors of the development of soil pests and pathogens of fungal and bacterial diseases, a food source and water, characterized in that it contains water extract from leaves of Kalanchoe as growth substances, as inhibitors of the development of soil pests and fungal and bacterial diseases - soil-entomopathogenic associative nematodes and their metabolic products and live symbiotic bacteria with nematodes, and humate n as a food source Tria the following ratio in%: Water extract from Kalanchoe leaves 3 Soil-entomopathogenic associative nematodes and their metabolic products 0.001 Live bacteria symbiotic with nematodes 0.0001 Sodium humate 0.1 Water Else