RU2249557C2 - Unit of flexible connection of triple-head rail with crane beam - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: mechanical engineering; heavy-duty cranes.

SUBSTANCE: proposed unit has damping underrail lining placed under rail and resting on upper chord of crane beam. Said lining is made of spring steel and is provided with longitudinal rounded off corrugations over entire length of rail. Width of said lining is 5-10% less than width of upper chord of crane beam. Bolts with plate spring washers are passed through foot of rail outside upper chord of crane beam and through webs of channels supporting upper chord of said beam.

EFFECT: increased service life of rail structure.

1 dwg

Description

The invention relates to transport structures, mainly to crane structures with intensive heavy duty cranes (8K, 7K).

Known technical solutions developed by V. F. Saburov [1]. A rubber-metal gasket is laid under the rail, which is a malleable layer that reduces the maximums of local stresses σ _y , leading to the appearance of fatigue cracks in the under-rail zone of the crane beam. The rubber-metal gasket significantly reduces local stresses σ _y and, accordingly, increases the durability of the crane beam.

The disadvantage of a rubber-metal gasket is its durability is lower than the life of a crane rail, and therefore it has to be changed more often than a rail.

To eliminate this drawback, a damping under-rail gasket should be developed, which has the same flexibility as rubber-metal, but has greater durability. Also known is a three-headed rail, clearly fixed on a crane beam [2].

For an analogue, we will take the patent of Russia RU No. 2192383 C1 [3]. In this analog, a three-headed rail is used. The brake beam is symmetrical and placed below the side rail heads to ensure free passage of the crane guide rollers. The symmetry of the brake beam eliminates the oblique bending of the crane structure and allows to achieve the greatest reduction in material consumption.

The technical result of the invention is to increase the durability of crane beams and rails and ease of operation of the structure.

The technical result is realized by the fact that a damping rail laying is placed between the rail and the crane beam in the node of the elastic connection of the three-headed rail with the crane beam and the brake beam.

The difference is that the unit is equipped with a damping under-rail gasket located under the rail and resting on the upper belt of the crane beam, made of spring steel with longitudinal, having smooth curves with corrugations and continuous along the entire length of the rail, the width of the mentioned strip being 5 ... 10% less than the width of the upper belt of the crane beam.

At the same time, bolts equipped with disk spring washers are passed through the sole of the rail outside the upper belt of the crane beam and through the upper belt supporting the said beam of the channel shelf.

The drawing shows a node for the elastic connection of a three-headed rail with a crane and symmetrical brake beam. The brake beam is located below the side heads of the rails at a distance that provides free passage of the guide rollers of the crane.

The assembly contains a three-headed crane rail 1 with a central head along which the main flangeless wheels 2 of the bridge crane roll and transmit vertical power pulses P. The guide rollers 3 of the crane fix the main wheels 2 on the three-headed rail 1, roll along the side heads of the rail and transfer horizontal power to them pulses T.

The guide rollers 3 have emergency holding ridges from the bottom.

Under the rail 1 there is a damping rail rail 4 made of spring steel, with longitudinal corrugations (5 ... 10 pcs.) Of the same height with smooth curves.

The damping rail 4 is based on the upper belt 5 of the I-beam. The channels 6 connect the upper belt 5 with a symmetrical brake beam 7. The brake beam 7 may not be symmetrical. The channels 6 and the brake beam 7 are also connected to each other by means of bolts 8 tightened with a guaranteed interference fit. Symmetrical elements of the brake beam 7 are also connected to each other through the wall of the I-beam rolling crane beam by means of bolts 8 with a guaranteed tightness. The bolts 9 pass through the sole of the three-headed rail 1 and the shelf of the channel 6. The bolts 9 are equipped with spring plate washers 10 made of spring steel. In addition, there is a washer in the gap between the side face of the upper belt 5 and the side of the side of the rail, which transfers pressure from the side of the rail to the top of the belt 5, and there is a gap between the bottom of the side of the rail and the channel 6.

The work of the elastic node connecting the three-headed rail with a crane beam.

Under the action of vertical power pulses P from rolling wheelless wheels of the crane 2, the rail 1 elastically settles under each of the wheels 2, squeezing the damping rail track 4. The height of each of the corrugations decreases, its width increases. In the contact zone with the surface of the sole of the rail 2 and the upper belt 5, spacer forces arise, which are extinguished by the friction forces. The voltage in the cup springs weakens somewhat (by 10 ... 15%). The local interaction between the three-headed rail 2 and the upper girdle 5 of the crane beam is distributed over a large length, and thus the local total stresses Σσ _{y are} significantly reduced and this increases the endurance. When leaving the crane wheel damping rail gasket 4 resiliently returns to its original position.

Under the action of the horizontal power impulse T from one of the guide rollers 3, the horizontal forces are transmitted due to friction forces. If the friction forces are exceeded, then the inner surface of the side rail head comes into operation through a washer with the longitudinal end edge of the upper belt 5. Next, a symmetrical brake beam 7 is included in the bending work, resting in a horizontal plane on the columns of the workshop frame.

Comparison with analogues shows the following significant differences:

1. Between the sole of the three-headed rail and the upper belt of the crane beam, a damping under-rail gasket with longitudinal corrugations (5 ... 10 pieces) of the same height is placed along the entire length of the rail.

2. The elastic flexibility of the damping rail is regulated by the strength of spring steel, sheet thickness, the height of the longitudinal corrugations, the number of corrugations.

3. Under the bolts connecting the rail with the crane beam, elastic disk washers made of spring steel are used.

4. In contrast to non-metal gasket rubber, whose properties deteriorate over time due to rubber aging, the properties of the damping rail gasket remain unchanged in time, and their durability is the same as that of a rail.

The economic effect was achieved due to the increased durability of the damping rail track, since it does not have fast wearing and aging rubber. The economic effect was also achieved due to the ease of maintenance of the unit during operation.

Literature

1. Saburov V.F. Patterns of fatigue damage and the development of methods for calculating the durability of crane tracks of industrial buildings. Abstract of thesis doct. tech. sciences. - SUSU, Chelyabinsk, 2002. - 40 p.

2. Crane designs. Patent 2067075. Russia MKI B 66 C 7/00, 10/18/93. Bull.№27, 1997.

3. Nezhdanov K.K., Tumanov V.A., Nezhdanov A.K., Karev M.A. Russian patent. RU No. 2192383 C1 (Application No. 2000 119289/28 (020257), Crane transport structure. Published on November 10, 2002.

Claims (1)

A node for the elastic connection of a three-headed rail with a crane and brake beams, characterized in that the node is equipped with a damping under-rail gasket located under the rail and resting on the upper belt of the crane beam, made of spring steel with longitudinal corrugations with smooth curvature and continuous along the entire length of the rail, the width of said gasket is 5-10% less than the width of the upper belt of the crane beam, while through the sole of the rail outside the upper belt of the crane beam and through the supporting upper Yas said shelf channel bars beams missing bolts fitted with Belleville spring washers.