RU2249345C1 - Low-vacuum milking unit - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: agricultural engineering, in particular, milking equipment.

SUBSTANCE: low-vacuum milking unit has suspension part comprising milk claw equipped with casing having cover, branch pipes and milk pipes. Teat cup with sucker is inserted into each milk pipe. Sucker has casing with upper bead and flexible tube fixed on sucker casing wall, which protrudes inside the casing. End part of flexible tube is made in the form of rim tape adapted for attachment in operating state to upper bead of sucker casing to define vacuum chamber. During milking procedure, rim tape surface and inner surface of flexible tube wall act upon cow's udder and teat surface in the region adjoining teat base. Pulsed vacuum pipe is positioned beyond teat cup and coupled to sucker vacuum chamber, while its other end is connected through cross-shaped member to pulsed vacuum source. Each sucker is equipped with stopper-plug. Milk claw has cross section formed as flattened ellipse and horizontal section formed as circle. Each milk pipe has corrugated portion. Each branch pipe and each milk pipe is made so that inner diameter thereof is at least 14 mm. Milk claw, teat cups, milk pipes, pulsed vacuum tubes and cross-shaped member are manufactured from light-weight transparent plastic. Vacuum extent reached in the course of milking is within the range of 7-33 kPa.

EFFECT: convenient maintenance and operation, reduced injury to animal and provision for keeping high quality of milk produced.

2 cl, 2 dwg

Description

The invention relates to agriculture, in particular to equipment for milking animals.

A known milking machine, including a hanging part, consisting of a collector having a housing with a lid, nozzles and tubes for the passage of milk, each of which has a milking cup with a suction cup placed on it (Utility model RU 27987).

The main disadvantages of the known milking machine are the following:

- a significant mass of the suspended part of the milking machine (about 3 kg or more), and since the cow’s nipple is a homeomorphic body, under the influence of the mass of the suspended part of the machine during milking, the cow’s nipples undergo transformation: the nipple lengthens, and the internal output channel narrows that counteracts the elimination of milk from the mammary gland of a cow;

- the milking machine operates in the vacuum pressure mode: 33-53 kPa, which is one of the causes of the disease of the mammary glands of the cow, since in nature extraction of milk by the calf from the nipples of the cow occurs at a vacuum of 7-33 kPa, therefore during overexposure (in time) During milking, “sedation” occurs, in which rupture of the blood vessels of the nipple occurs. As a result, blood enters the milk, and along with it pathogenic viruses and bacteria, which, in turn, reduces the quality of the milk obtained, leads to a decrease in the period of lactation of the cow;

- in addition, the sucker nipple rubber works in the mode of tensile deformation (mainly in two planes in the form of “8”), injuring the sphincter of the nipple up to about 60 times per minute in the “compression” stroke, which leads to the formation of corns on it and cracks, and this, in turn, leads to mastitis and other diseases. In this case, the outflow of milk occurs with a cycle of “sucking” not more than 70% of the cycle time. During the “compression” cycle, milk undergoes a “collapse” process, in connection with which foam forms (with a frequency of up to 60 times per minute);

- the inner diameter of the tubes for the passage of milk from the teatcup into the collector is not large enough, which creates a backpressure to the passage of the flakes from the foamy milk (in this case, the milk does not protrude in full from the udder of the cow and the animal experiences painful “stress”).

The technical result of the claimed invention is to improve ease of use, reduce stress and traumatize the animal during milking while maintaining the quality of the resulting milk.

The specified technical result is achieved by the fact that in the milking machine, including the hanging part, consisting of a collector having a housing with a lid with pipes and tubes for passing milk and a pulsating vacuum, each of which has a milking cup with a suction cup placed on it, consisting of a housing with an upper flange and a flexible tube fixed to the wall of the suction cup body protruding inwardly, the end portion of the flexible tube of the suction cup is made in the form of a rim tape for mounting on the upper flange the suction cup’s mouth is in working condition with the formation of a vacuum chamber and so that during milking the surface of the rim tape and the inner wall surface of the flexible tube act on the surface of the udder and cow’s nipple precisely in the area of the nipple’s base, each suction cup is equipped with a stopper plug and a suction cup attached a pulsating vacuum tube, one end of which is connected to a suction cup vacuum chamber, and the other to a pulsating vacuum tube of a glass sleeve, which is connected to the other end via rubber of a pulsating vacuum tube with a cross on the collector lid with the possibility of connecting to a pulsating vacuum source, the collector is equipped with a dummy float located inside the housing and a valve installed on the lid to relieve vacuum and is designed in such a way that it has a compressed ellipse in cross section and horizontal section - the shape of a circle, each nozzle is placed on the lid of the housing so that milk is allowed to flow during milking along the inner surface of the walls of the lid and housing, each I tube for the passage of milk has a corrugated portion, the inner diameter of each pipe and each of the tubes for the passage of the milk is not less than 14 mm. The collector, tubes for the passage of milk, teat cups and pulsating vacuum tubes are made of transparent plastic, and the vacuum range during milking is 7-33 kPa.

Such a constructive implementation of the claimed low-vacuum milking machine allows during its operation to eliminate the above disadvantages of known milking machines and to achieve the specified technical result, since the presence of a rim tape at the end portion of the flexible tube of the suction cup, pulsating vacuum tube and its fastening to the body of the suction cup simplify its design (and therefore, increased ease of use), reduce the trauma of the nipples of the cow during milking, as the structure of the suction cup with the teat cup allows vacuuming in the range of 7-33 kPa during the milking process (massage) on the udder and nipples of the cow in the area of the nipple base, which, in turn, allows for more complete removal of milk from the udder of the cow, increasing it the lactation period (up to about 10 years), the execution of the collector in the cross section in the form of a compressed ellipse, and in the horizontal section - in the form of a circle, nozzles on the cover of the collector body, tubes for milk passage, milking cups with an inner diameter at least 14 mm and placing the nozzles on the lid in such a way that milk during milking enters the walls of the lid and the collector body, allows to increase the volume of the collector with the minimum overall dimensions along the height of the hanging part of the milking machine, to create a uniform distribution of vacuum in the collector and milk tubes for reduce fluctuations, eliminate foaming, collapse and the turbulent nature of the flow during milk milking, which affects the completeness of milk outflow from the cow's udder, without compromising the quality of irradiated milk, the implementation of the suspended part of the milking machine: collector, tubes for the passage of milk, teatcups of transparent lightweight plastic 3-4 times reduces its mass, which dramatically reduces the dynamic effect on the nipples during milking, and therefore significantly reduces their trauma, increases the ease of use of the milking machine, placement of a float-plug inside the collector, and on the cover - a vacuum relief valve allows you to adjust the amount of vacuum during milking, which eliminates trauma nipples during overexposure of the device during milking, as well as the convenience of the operator, the presence of a corrugated portion on the milk passage tube provides increased operator comfort, since during installation the milking cup on the nipple, as well as when it is removed, the milk passage tube is easily bent , which eliminates the ingress of atmospheric air into the collector, and the installation of a plug plug on the suction cup eliminates the ingress of various animal wastes.

The invention is illustrated by drawings, in which Fig. 1 shows a low-vacuum milking machine, its hanging part, in Fig. 2 is a view A in Fig. 1.

The low-vacuum milking machine includes a hanging part 1, consisting of a collector 2, having a housing 3 with a cover 4 with nozzles 5 placed on it with tubes 6 for milk passage, each of which has a milking cup 7 with a suction cup 8 placed on it, consisting of a housing 9 with an upper collar 10 and a flexible tube 11 mounted on the inside wall of the housing 9, the end portion of the flexible tube 11 is made in the form of a rim tape 12 for fastening in working condition on the upper collar 10 of the suction cup with the formation of a vacuum chamber 13, each The suction cup 8 has a stopper plug 14 and a pulsating vacuum tube 15 mounted on the suction cup body, one end of which is connected to the suction cup vacuum chamber 13, and the other is connected via a pulsating vacuum rubber tube 20 to the crosspiece 16 on the cover 4 of the housing 3 with the possibility of connecting a pulsating vacuum source (not shown in the drawing), the collector 2 has a float plug 17 located inside the housing and a valve 18 for relieving the vacuum mounted on the cover 4, the collector is designed so that in cross section the shape of the compressed ellipse, and in a horizontal section - the shape of a circle, each nozzle 5 is placed on the lid of the case so that milk is allowed to flow during milking along the inner surface of the walls of the lid and case, each tube 6 for milk passage has a corrugated section 19, inner diameter each pipe and each tube for the passage of milk is not less than 14 mm

The collector, tubes for the passage of milk, teat cups and pulsating vacuum tubes are made of transparent plastic.

A low-vacuum milking machine works according to a well-known principle. When milking cows, milking cups are mounted on the nipples of the cow, while the suction cups with rim tapes are in close contact with the surface of the cow's udder in the area of the base of the nipple. Under the action of a low pulsating vacuum (7-33 kPa), the surface of a flexible tube with a rim tape acts in the area of the base of the nipple on the nipple itself and part of the surface of the udder, massaging them, which ensures a more complete opening of the sphincter of the nipple and a more complete flow of milk from the tank of the nipple (tact sucking).

Claims (2)

1. Low-vacuum milking machine, comprising a hanging part, consisting of a collector having a housing with a lid with nozzles placed on it with tubes for milk passage, each of which has a milking cup with a suction cup placed on it, consisting of a housing with a top flange and flexible a tube mounted on a protruding inside wall of the housing, characterized in that the end portion of the flexible tube is made in the form of a rim tape for mounting in working condition on the upper flange of the suction cup with the formation of vacuum chambers and during milking, the surface of the rim tape and the inner surface of the flexible tube act on the surface of the udder and the nipple of the cow in the area of the base of the nipple, each suction cup is equipped with a dummy plug and a pulsating vacuum tube mounted on the suction cup body, one end of which is connected to the suction chamber of the suction cup, and another is located on the cross on the housing cover with the possibility of connecting to a pulsating vacuum source, the collector is equipped with a dummy float located inside the housing and installed on the cover the pan for relieving vacuum and in the cross section has the shape of a compressed ellipse, and in the horizontal section it has the shape of a circle, each pipe is placed on the lid of the casing to allow milk to flow during milking along the inner surface of the walls of the lid and casing, each tube for the passage of milk has a corrugated section , while the inner diameter of each pipe and each tube for the passage of milk is not less than 14 mm 2. The low vacuum milking machine according to claim 1, characterized in that the collector, tubes for the passage of milk, teat cups and pulsating vacuum tubes are made of transparent plastic, and the vacuum range during milking is 7-33 kPa.

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