RU2248534C1 - Device for testing parameters of information channel control laser field - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: laser technology.

SUBSTANCE: device for testing parameters has focusing system, set of calibrated diaphragm installed in focal plane of focusing system and photoreceiver. Unit of calibrated diaphragm is provided with first shift mechanism. Device also has analog-to-digital converter, controller, and control unit, registering unit, unit for spatial guidance and unit for selecting commands. Focusing system has variable value of focal distance and with permanent position of focal plane. Focusing system has TV objective and optical system, which is provided with second shift mechanism. First shift mechanism is made in form of two-coordinate scanning device. Focusing system with unit of calibrating diaphragms, photoreceiver and command selection unit are made in form of integral optical head provided with spatial guidance unit. Personal computer provided with display is used as registering unit.

EFFECT: widened functional abilities; improved precision of measurement.

5 dwg

Description

The invention relates to the field of instrumentation, and more particularly to devices for monitoring the parameters of the laser control field created by the information channel. The laser control field of an MPI is a laser radiation stream modulated according to a certain law.

The information channel [1, 2] includes at least a radiator and a modulator unit. The modulator unit includes a projection optical system, a raster, a wrapping system, and a pancreatic system. The laser radiation generated by the emitter, through the projection and wrapping systems, passes twice through a rotating raster, which performs space-time modulation of radiation, and has two modulation code tracks: an internal code track, the image of which in the focal plane of the projection optical system moves from top to bottom, and an external code a track whose image in the focal plane of the projection optical system moves from right to left. Modulated laser radiation enters the pancreatic system, which changes the image scale of the raster code tracks according to the law defined by the cam profile of the pancreatic system drive. The intersection point of the axis of the inner code track of the raster and the axis of the external code track of the raster corresponds to the intersection of information zero on each of the tracks, respectively, and is located on the axis of the pancreatic system, and the superimposed images of the internal code track on the external code track form an information square, within which, when the raster rotates, control signals in accordance with the sequence diagram of the operation of the information channel in the form of a sequence of pulses containing information about the mixture and from the center of the healthcare facility in a plane perpendicular to the direction of propagation along the two coordinates Y and Z. Thus, at the output there are superimposed images of the code tracks in the form of an information square, within which the image of the light spot of the laser radiation beam is enclosed, and the sizes of these superimposed images vary in accordance with the cyclogram of the pancreatic system, which keeps the size of the medical facilities constant throughout the trajectory of the controlled object.

A device for monitoring the parameters of the laser control field of the information channel [3], containing three optical heads, each of which includes a focusing system, in the focal plane of which there is a grid node with a point diaphragm and optically coupled to a photodetector connected in series with the command selection unit and a recording unit. The recording unit includes a dial indicator, a digital voltmeter and a loop oscilloscope. Each optical head has a horizontal and vertical guidance mechanism, operating in manual mode, for matching the axes of the optical heads with the optical axis of the information channel. Each mesh node is equipped with a movement mechanism along one coordinate and a 90 ° rotation mechanism of the mesh node along with a movement mechanism for scanning along a different coordinate. The product under test is mounted on a stand that can be moved and mounted opposite the corresponding optical head. The device allows you to determine the size of the laser spot, enclosed within the information square, and to determine the size of the hospitals, the distribution of energy illumination in hospitals and the angular distribution of the modulated laser radiation in two coordinates in the form of direction-finding characteristics. Moreover, the first optical head performs parameter control at the final position of the components of the pancreatic system, and the second at the initial position. The third optical head monitors the magnitude of the mismatch of the propagation axis of the healthcare facility to the axis of the information channel, i.e. evaluates the magnitude of the mismatch of the axis of distribution of health facilities to the axis of the information channel during the movement of the components of the pancreatic system. The results are processed manually by processing the waveform recorded on the loop oscilloscope.

The disadvantages of this device are the low accuracy and low speed due to measurements and processing the results manually.

The closest is a device for monitoring the parameters of laser radiation [4], containing an optically coupled focusing system, in the focal plane of which a calibrated diaphragm block is installed, equipped with a movement mechanism for changing diaphragms, and a photodetector made in the form of an optical head with a four-segment photodetector, and the optical head is equipped with a guidance device in space, while the block of calibrated diaphragms is rigidly connected to the body of the optical head, The four-segment photodetector is connected through an amplifier to the first, second, third and fourth inputs of an analog-to-digital converter, the output of which is connected to a controller based on a microcomputer, the first output of which is connected to a recording device, the control unit, the input of which is connected to the second output of the controller and the first, second, third outputs of the control unit are connected respectively with the first and second inputs of the guidance device in space and with the movement mechanism.

This device provides a measurement of the diameter of the laser beam, as well as its power or energy. The disadvantage of this device is the lack of accuracy and a narrow range of measurement of laser radiation parameters due to the limited number of calibrated apertures and a fixed focal length of the focusing system. In addition, the device does not allow measurement of modulated laser radiation. In particular, the device does not allow the measurement of the distribution of energy illumination of hospitals at two coordinates Y and Z, the measurement of direction-finding characteristics at two coordinates Y and Z at different positions of the components of the pancreatic system, and also to determine the amount of mismatch between the axis of propagation of the hospital and the axis of the information channel during movement components of the pancreatic system.

The objective of the invention is to expand the functionality of the device, improving the accuracy of measurements and improving the speed of monitoring the parameters of medical facilities.

This object is achieved by the fact that in the device for monitoring the parameters of the medical facilities of the information channel, which includes an optically coupled focusing system, in the focal plane of which there is a calibrated diaphragm block equipped with a first movement mechanism, and a photodetector (FPU), the output of which is connected to the first input of an analog a digital converter (ADC), the output of which is connected to the first input of the controller, a control unit (CU), the first input of which is connected to the first output of the controller, the second output of the control Lera is connected to the input of the recording unit, the first, second and third outputs of the control unit are connected respectively with the first input of the first movement mechanism, with the first and second inputs of the guidance device in space, in contrast to the prototype, a command allocation unit (IAC) is introduced, the first input of which connected to the output of the FPU, the first and second outputs of the IAC are connected respectively to the second and third inputs of the ADC, the fourth input of the ADC is connected to the third output of the controller, the focusing system is made with a variable focal value the state and with a constant position of the focal plane and contains a telephoto lens and an optical system equipped with a second movement mechanism, the input of which is connected to the fourth output of the control unit, and the output - with the second input of the controller, the first movement mechanism is made in the form of a two-coordinate scanning device, the second input of which is connected to the fifth output of the control unit, the first and second outputs of the first movement mechanism are connected respectively to the third and fourth inputs of the controller, a focusing system with a block of calibrated diaphragms AGM, FPU and BVK are made in the form of a single optical head equipped with a guidance device in space, the first and second outputs of which are connected respectively to the fifth and sixth inputs of the controller, the seventh input of which is connected to the sixth output of the control unit, the seventh output of which is connected to the input of the FPU and the second input of the IAC, a personal computer with a monitor is used as the recording unit, the output of the personal computer is connected to the eighth input of the controller.

The focusing system is made with a variable focal length and a constant position of the focal plane and contains a telephoto lens and an optical system equipped with a second movement mechanism, which allows to expand the range and improve the accuracy of measurement of laser radiation parameters, as well as to provide measurement of modulated laser radiation at different positions of the components pancreatic information channel system.

The implementation of the focusing system with a variable value of the focal length and with a constant position of the focal plane in which the calibrated aperture block is located, equipped with a two-coordinate scanning device, allows scanning the modulated laser radiation flux in two coordinates at different positions of the components of the pancreatic information channel system. The introduction of the BVK device provides time-pulse processing of the signal coming from the FPU, with the receipt of signals in the form of voltages in two coordinates and proportional to the control commands. The signal from the FPU and the signal for each of the coordinates processed in the BVK is transmitted for subsequent processing to the electronic logic unit, consisting of an ADC, a controller, and a control unit, for processing the received information in the form of a digital code that ensures joint work with a personal computer in modes of measuring and recording results, allows you to expand the functionality compared to the prototype and measure the following parameters: the distribution of energy illumination for information y field definition information center LPU, dependency control command from a shift amount from the information center LPU, i.e. direction-finding characteristics, determining the magnitude of the mismatch of the axis of the distribution of health facilities to the axis of the information channel during the movement of the components of the pancreatic system, i.e. the law of the displacement of the coordinates of the health center information center for the entire time the components of the pancreatic system move.

The presence of a controller operating in microprocessor mode with electrical feedback with actuators ensures constant matching of signal levels in accordance with a given sequence of operation of all actuators of the device with the detection of dynamic errors and their constant correction during measurement, which improves the accuracy of measurements due to the mode self-monitoring device.

The execution of the recording unit in the form of a personal computer provides quick processing of the received information, the calculation of the characteristics of hospitals with the issuance of information in a form convenient for the operator.

Figure 1 shows a block diagram of a device for monitoring the parameters of an information channel medical facility, figure 2 shows an optical head with a pointing device in space, figure 3 shows the design of a two-coordinate scanning device, figure 4 shows graphs of the distribution of illumination over the medical center and direction-finding characteristic of K _y , K _z when scanning in the directions of Y and Z, figure 5 presents graphs of the magnitude of the mismatch of the axis of propagation of medical facilities to the axis of the information channel.

A device for monitoring the parameters of the medical facility information channel (see Fig. 1) contains an optical head 1, as well as an analog-to-digital converter 2, the output of which is connected to the first input of the controller 3, the first and second outputs of which are connected respectively to the first input of the control unit 4 and the recording unit 5, made in the form of a personal computer 6 with a monitor 7. The optical head 1 consists of an optically coupled focusing system made with a variable value of the focal lengths and a constant focal position plane and including a telephoto lens 8 and an optical system 9, equipped with a second movement mechanism 10, mounted in the focal plane of the focusing system of the calibrated diaphragm block 11, equipped with a first movement mechanism made in the form of a two-coordinate scanning device 12, as well as a photodetector 13, output which is connected to the BVK 14 and the first input of the ADC 2, and the first and second outputs of the BVK 14 are connected respectively to the second and third inputs of the ADC 2. The input of the second movement mechanism 10 is connected to the fourth output of the control unit 4, and the output with the second input of the controller 3. The first and second inputs of the two-coordinate scanning device 12 are connected respectively with the first and fifth outputs of the control unit 4, and the first and second outputs are respectively with the third and fourth inputs of the controller 3. Seventh output of the control unit 4 is connected to the input of the FPU 13 and the second input of the BVK 14, the sixth output of the control unit 4 is connected to the seventh input of the controller 3, the third output of which is connected to the fourth input of the ADC 2.

The optical head 1 is equipped with a guidance device in space 15, the first and second inputs of which are connected respectively with the second and third outputs of the control unit 4, and the first and second outputs are respectively with the fifth and sixth inputs of the controller 3, the eighth input of which is connected to the personal computer 6. On figure 1 also shows a controlled information channel 16 connected to the eighth output and the second input of the control unit.

The short-focus mode is provided by the telephoto lens 8, and the long-focus mode is provided by introducing into the focusing system by the second movement mechanism 10 an optical system 9, which is made of a system of four deflecting mirrors and a telescopic system, while the focal plane for different focal lengths remains constant.

The second movement mechanism (see FIG. 2) consists of a rectangular base 17 provided with rollers 18, the axes of which are parallel to the optical axis of the optical head 1. On the base 17, the optical system 9 is fixedly mounted. The rollers 18 are located in supports fixedly mounted in the optical head housing 1. The bearings are made in the form of bearings (not shown in FIG. 2). The base 17 has the ability to rotate around the axes of the rollers 18. The rotation is carried out using the engine 19. The input and output of the optical system 9 into the optical path is controlled automatically by generating an electrical signal for rotation on command from a personal computer 6 through controller 3 and control unit 4. The two end positions of the optical system 9 (introduced into the optical path and derived from it) are fixed by microswitches located on the base 17, with the transmission of information to the controller 3 with Agen information on a personal computer 6. Such a system provides a discrete mode of changing the focal length.

The optical system 9 can be made in the form of a pancreatic system, which is constantly mounted behind the telescopic lens 8, and by means of the second movement mechanism 10, which moves the optical components of the pancreatic system, provides a continuous change in the focal length of the focusing system without changing the position of its focal plane.

The block of calibrated diaphragms 11 (see figure 3) is designed to highlight the specified test areas of the medical facility, located in the focal plane of the focusing system and can be made in the form of a grid 20 with calibrated holes, of which there can be at least one, and an associated selection node holes. The grid 20 is a glass substrate, in the central part of which two crosshairs are made by the method of photolithography in the form of mutually perpendicular disjoint strokes 21, in the center of the crosshairs of which are calibrated holes 22, 23 of different diameters. The choice of the hole of the required diameter is carried out by the hole selection unit (not shown in FIG. 3), which can be made in the form of a curtain with a hole whose diameter is larger than the largest diameter of the calibrated hole on the grid. The choice of a calibrated hole is made by combining the center of the curtain hole with the center of the selected calibrated mesh hole by linearly moving the curtain in the rails to one or the other side, opening and fixing the desired mesh hole. Moving the curtain can be carried out in manual mode.

The sizes of the calibrated point holes are selected depending on the controlled parameters of the information processing facility information channel and depending on the luminous flux power from the condition that linearity of the sensitivity characteristic of the FPU is observed. A calibrated hole with a large diameter can be used to measure the direction-finding characteristic along two coordinates Y and Z at different positions of the components of the pancreatic system of the information channel, and a hole of a smaller diameter can be used to determine the size of the mismatch between the axis of the MPI and the axis of the information channel during the movement of the components of the pancreatic system for different sizes of healthcare facilities.

Block calibrated diaphragms 11 is equipped with a first movement mechanism, which is made in the form of a two-coordinate scanning device 12 (see figure 3). The two-coordinate scanning device 12 has two guides 24 and 25, made in the form of flat plates with a rectangular groove located at right angles to each other with the formation of a rectangular window, in which a movable platform 26 is installed, compressing the guides to a common plane with the possibility of their sliding relative to each other friend and having the ability to move in the grooves of the plates, two adjustment nodes in the form of a screw-nut transmission, the screws of which are made on shafts 27 and 28, which are installed in the housing of the optical head 1 rotatably, and nuts 29 and 30 attached to the respective guides 24 and 25 and are movable along the axes of screws. The shafts 27 and 28 of the adjusting units are located on bearings with rolling bearings 31 and 32, which are fixed in the housing of the optical head 1. The shafts 27, 28 are mutually perpendicular. The two-coordinate scanning device 12 provides movement of the grid 20 with calibrated holes 22, 23, fixed inside the movable platform 26, in one plane perpendicular to the optical axis of the optical head 1 in two mutually perpendicular directions (along the Y axis and Z axis). The shafts 27, 28 are driven by the DSHI-200-1 stepper motors (not shown in FIG. 3) according to electrical signals initiated by a command from a personal computer 6 through a controller 3 and a control unit 4. Each rail 24 and 25 is equipped with a position sensor ( not shown in Fig. 3), which contains a scale fixed on the rails and interfaced with an optocoupler pair, and two microswitches for fixing the end positions fixed in the housing of the optical head 1. A position sensor communicating with the controller monitors the position of the unit a calibrated orifice in a central position to the presence signal from the photo coupler, and the end position for scan areas by the presence of the signal from each of the microswitches and signal simultaneously with the photo coupler on each coordinate separately. Scanning the image of medical facilities is carried out in one plane: alternately in the horizontal (along the Y axis) and vertical (along the Z axis) directions. Each such scan along each of the coordinates is carried out with a step of 5 μm.

The guidance mechanism in space 15 is designed for angular alignment, i.e. ensuring the parallelism of the axis of the optical head 1 and the axis of the information channel 16 when the device is in aiming mode by linear horizontal movement (Y axis), linear vertical movement (Z axis) of the rear part of the optical head relative to the front of the optical head, which is angularly mounted rotation relative to the axis of the information channel 16.

The guidance mechanism in space 15 can be made in the form of two supports (see Fig. 2): a back support 33, which is a quotation unit located at the rear of the optical head 1, and a front support 34, located at the front of the optical head 1 , which provides the necessary degrees of freedom when moving the rear of the optical head 1 to perform an angular inclination with respect to the axis of the information channel 16. Each of the supports has cylindrical guides made in the form of centering belts 35 and 36, in The optical head 1 is installed. The centering belt 36 of the front support 34 has two horizontal axles 37 and 38, which are mounted in the eyes of the U-shaped bracket 39 with the possibility of rotation around these half-axles 37, 38. The U-shaped bracket 39 is mounted on a vertically oriented axis 40 mounted rotatably in the cylindrical guide of the front support 34 of the guidance mechanism in space 15. The lower part of the centering belt 35 of the rear support 33 has the shape of a carriage 41. The carriage 41 is placed in guides 42 of the swallow type yn tail rigidly fixed on the basis of 43, the lower part of which has a vertically oriented axis 44 on which the nut is fastened. The axis 44 is installed in the cylindrical guide 45 of the rear support 33 of the guidance mechanism in space 15.

A linear movement of the rear of the optical head 1 horizontally (along the Y axis) is carried out by moving the carriage 41 by means of a screw-nut transmission, the nut being fixedly mounted on the carriage 41 and moving with it, and the screw is installed in the supports fixed in the base 43, with the possibility rotation (in figure 2, the screw and nut are not shown). The rotation of the screw is carried out using a stepper motor 46, which is used as a stepper motor brand DSHI-200-3.

The linear movement of the rear part of the optical head 1 vertically (along the Z axis) is carried out by moving the axis 44 of the rear support 33 using a screw-nut transmission (not shown in FIG. 2) kinematically connected with the step motor 47 of the DSHI-200-3 brand, which linearly moves the rear of the optical head 1 along the Z axis, while the nut is fixedly mounted on the axis 44 of the rear support 33, and the screw profile is fixed in the rolling bearings fixed in the rear support 33, and kinematically connected with the stepper motor 47.

The necessary degrees of freedom for linear displacements of the optical head 1 along the indicated directions are provided by the mechanism of the front support 34: when linearly moving the rear of the optical head 1 along the Y axis, the optical head 1 is rotated around a vertically oriented axis 40 of the front support 34; when the rear part of the optical head 1 is linearly moved along the Z axis, the optical head 1 rotates around the horizontal axles 37 and 38.

Direct control of the stepper motors 46, 47 of the guidance mechanism in space 15 is carried out by command from a personal computer 6 in semi-automatic mode through a controller 3 and a control unit 4. The final positions of the carriage 41 horizontal and vertical are controlled by microswitches with the transfer of information to the controller 3 and the personal computer 6.

To orient the grid 20 of the block of calibrated diaphragms 11 in space relative to the horizon, it is possible to manually rotate the optical head 1 around its optical axis (X axis) in cylindrical guides in the form of centering belts 35 and 36 of the front 34 and rear 33 supports, the common axis of which coincides with the optical axis of the optical head.

The photodetector 13 is a photodetector based on a photodiode type FD141K and an amplifier. FPU 13 is designed to receive the luminous flux passing through a calibrated point aperture at given points of the laser beam section and subsequently convert it into an analog electric signal in the form of a voltage U corresponding to the level of illumination of the point of the laser beam.

The block selection commands (BVK) 14 performs time-pulse selection of electrical pulses with the aim of decoding them to obtain the values of the control commands in the form of an analog signal with voltage values U _y and U _z corresponding to the displacement of the center of the point calibrated diaphragm relative to the information center of the medical facility when scanning in the Y directions and Z. As a FPU with BVK, a commercially available 9N244 brand unit was used.

Analog-to-digital converter 2 is designed to convert an analog signal to a digital one and is implemented as a four-channel ten-digit ADC board based on the 1113PV1A microcircuit. To ensure stable and stable operation, the circuit board has an auto-reset circuit.

Controller 3 is designed to control the testing process and verify the parameters of information channel 16 and is made in the form of a board based on the microcontroller KR1830BE31, whose program is located in an electrically reprogrammable read-only memory and contains test algorithms. The used type of memory of the storage device allows further adjusting the test algorithms.

BU 4 is designed to match the levels of signals generated by the controller 3 and transmitted to the actuators of the optical head 1, and is implemented as amplifiers on semiconductor transistors, and also includes a complex power source for the actuators of the optical head 1, implemented as a DC / DC converter .

The personal computer 6 performs the following functions:

- self-testing of the device for monitoring the parameters of the medical facilities of the information channel;

- ensuring the operation of the device in constant dialogue with the operator;

- control of the information channel, the optical head and the guidance device in space;

processing the information received, calculating the parameters of the medical facilities of the information channel;

- reproduction of information in a form convenient for the operator: numerical, graphic on a monitor or printer;

- saving information about the parameters of the medical facilities of the tested information channel in the database.

The device operates as follows.

The tested information channel 16 is placed on the bracket in front of the entrance pupil of the device and connected to the eighth output and the second input of the control unit 4.

When a supply voltage is supplied to the control unit 4, all units of the inventive device and the tested information channel 16 are turned on by an enable command from the controller 3, provided that the supply voltage is within the specified values. The device operates in accordance with the program installed in the personal computer 6, which implements the following verification modes: self-test mode of the equipment of the entire claimed device, aiming mode, measurement and registration mode. The execution of the modes is initiated by a command from a personal computer 6 through the controller 3.

In the self-test mode, the controller 3 checks in the form of tests characterizing the correctness of the data exchange between the personal computer 6 and the controller 3 with an assessment of operability and the detection of dynamic errors in accordance with a given sequence of operation of the following actuators: the second movement mechanism 10, two-coordinate scanning device 12 and device guidance in space 15, conducts a health check FPU 13 with BVK 14. The condition for a successful health check F PU 13 with BVK 14 is the equality of the signals supplied to the input of the FPU 13 and removed from the outputs of the BVK 14, within the permissible deviations of the values. The correct operation of the second movement mechanism 10 is to control the achievement of the final positions by the state of the microswitches in accordance with a predetermined time interval for the input and output of the optical system 9 from the optical path of the focusing system of the optical head 1. The correct operation of the guidance device in space 15 is to control the achievement of the final positions for a certain time according to the state of microswitches with the transfer of information to the controller, determining the range of movement for each from the directions Y and Z with the subsequent installation of the carriage 41 of the guidance mechanism in the space 15 in the middle position horizontally and vertically. The correct operation of the two-coordinate scanning mechanism 12 consists in combining the center of the hole of the calibrated diaphragm block 11 with the optical axis of the focusing system to trigger the optocoupler, and also when the calibrated diaphragm 11 reaches the specified extreme positions of the scan zones for triggering the optocoupler and microswitches for each coordinate individually. The results of the tests are displayed on the screen of the monitor 7 of the personal computer 6 for presentation to the user.

In aiming mode, the device operates as follows.

The modulated radiation beam passes through the optical head 1 with the formation of an MPI in the grid plane 20 of the calibrated diaphragm block 11, the point aperture of which emits a light flux that enters the FPU 13 and is converted into an electric signal in the form of a voltage U reflecting the intensity of the transmitted light flux and proportional the illumination E of the point of the healthcare facility, then this signal is simultaneously fed to the ADC 2 for further processing and to the BVK 14 for conversion to the command values in the form of voltages U _y , U _z . The ADC 2 converts these voltages U _y , U _z into the corresponding digital codes K _y , K _z , which the controller 3 transmits to the personal computer 6 and then displayed on the screen of the monitor 7 in the form of numerical values. If the values of the codes K _y , K _z are non-zero, then the control command from the personal computer 6 in semi-automatic mode through the controller 3 BU 4 drives the guidance device in space 15, which performs an angular rotation of the axis of the optical head 1 due to linear movement of the back optical heads along the Y and Z axes relative to the front support, achieving zero values of K _y = 0, K _z = 0, which are the information center of the medical facility. Thus, the aiming mode ensures the combination of the information center of the medical facility with the center of the selected point hole of the block of calibrated diaphragms 11.

Upon successful completion of the self-test and aiming mode, the claimed device is ready for measurement mode and recording parameters of medical facilities of the controlled information channel.

Measurement and registration of parameters of medical facilities are carried out at the initial and final positions of the components of the pancratic system of the tested information channel. The image of the medical care facility corresponding to the initial position of the components of the pancreatic system is formed in the focal plane of the focusing system using a telephoto lens 8, while the optical system 9 is removed from the optical path. An image of an MPI corresponding to the final position of the components of the pancreatic system is formed in the focal plane of the focusing system using a telephoto lens 8 and an optical system 9, which is introduced into the optical path by the second movement mechanism 10 according to the control command received from the control unit 4. The image sizes for the initial and the final positions of the components of the pancreatic system of the information channel are formed identical, and the position of the focal plane remains unchanged and coincides with the plane a grid 20 of a block of calibrated diaphragms 11. A two-coordinate scanning device 12, by a control command from BU 4, sequentially scans with a point hole in the grid of a block of calibrated diaphragms 11 in the focal plane of the focusing image system of the healthcare facility in two independent Y and Z directions with a certain sampling step. Scanning is carried out from the far left or far right border of the scan field, which has the shape of a square in the Y coordinate at Z = Z ₀ , and from the extremely upper (or extremely lower) border of the scan in the Z coordinate at Y = Y ₀ . Scanning can also be carried out at any angle to the Y, Z axes through a point with the values of Y ₀ , Z ₀ , and if the scan speeds along each of the coordinates are equal, then the scan is performed at an angle of 45 ° to the Y and Z axes. optical signals corresponding to the illumination values at the given points of the healthcare facility during scanning in the Y and Z directions. With each such scanning, the FPU 13 converts the optical signals into electrical signals in the form of voltages U with an amplitude proportionally dependent t is the intensity of the light flux passing through the point diaphragm and reflecting the distribution of illumination in the healthcare facility when scanning along the Y and Z directions. This sequence of voltage amplitudes U obtained using the FPU 13 corresponds to the illumination distribution in the healthcare facility along the indicated directions (along the Y axis and along the axis Z or at an angle of 45 ° to the axes Y and Z) with a certain sampling step, in accordance with the measurement program, is supplied for further processing to a personal computer 6. In the inventive device, the step of dis retizatsii for each coordinate is 5 microns.

The distribution of illumination E for healthcare facilities is obtained on the graph. The magnitude of the illumination E in (W · m ² ) at given points of the MPI is calculated by the formula:

The measured voltages U are connected by a directly proportional relationship with the values of the distribution of illumination E in the MPL:

E = kU, (2)

- коэффициент пропорциональности;Where

- coefficient of proportionality;

τ is the transmittance of the focusing system;

U is the voltage at the output of the FPU, V;

V - volt-watt characteristic of FPU, V / W;

S is the area of the point aperture, mm;

L is the range corresponding to the position of the healthcare facility in the image space, m;

f is the focal length of the focusing system, m

The values of S, f, τ are determined during metrological certification of the optical head, the value of V is determined by the passport data of the FPU.

To obtain the true dimensions of the healthcare facility at the appropriate range in the image space, a scale factor β is used, determined by the L / f ratio and reflecting the linear increase in the healthcare facility image created by the focusing system in its focal plane. The basis of the operation of the claimed device is the image formation of the medical facility during operation of the information channel 16 in the grid plane of the calibrated diaphragm block 11 of the optical head 1. The inventive device allows you to control the image parameters of the medical facility with a simulation of two real ranges L ₁ , L ₂ corresponding to the initial and final positions of the components controlled information pancreatic duct system, which is provided by the optical head with two values of focal lengths f _1, f _2, and f _1, respectively, exists focal distance of the optical head without the optical system 9, af ₂ - with the input optical system 9. The image formed LPU dimensions identical for both distances L _1, L _2. Moreover, the ratios L ₁ / f ₁ = L ₂ / f ₂ = β = const, where β is the scale factor of the focusing system. The optical head 1 has two values of the transmittance τ ₁ , τ ₂ , corresponding to the short-focus mode without the optical system 9 and long-focus - with the optical system 9. The values of τ ₁ , τ _{2 are} determined by metrological certification of the inventive device, which are entered into a personal computer to perform calculating the proportionality coefficient k for two modes of operation of the focusing system — short-focus and long-focus. The formula for determining the coefficient of proportionality takes the form:

The personal computer 6, using the mathematical software according to the formula (1) and the obtained values of the voltage amplitudes U, calculates the values of E according to the medical device with obtaining a sequence of values of E _i with registration on the monitor screen in the form of a graphical record of the oscillograms of the distribution of illumination according to the medical device when scanning according to directions Y and Z, respectively.

An analog signal in the form of voltage U, obtained from a modulated radiation beam, comes from FPU 13 also to BVK 14 for further processing. BVK processes the received signal U at the points where the medical facility is located in the coordinates in the form of voltage values U _y , U _z , when scanning in the corresponding directions Y, Z, which reflect the linear displacement of the position of the point diaphragm with respect to the coordinates of the medical center information center К _y = 0 and К _z = 0 and the coordinates of the center of the scan field Y ₀ , Z _o . The coordinates of the health center information center K _y = 0, K _z = 0 and the center of the scan field Y _o , Z _o , in which the calibrated diaphragm is installed, are combined in the aiming mode and form a single center. The ADC converts these values of U _y , U _z into the values of the digital code K _y , K _z . Thus, at the output of the ADC, a sequence of values of K _y and K _z corresponding to the values of the coordinates of the healthcare facility when scanning along the coordinates Y and Z, respectively. On the screen of the monitor 7, the distribution curves are alternately displayed: K _z when scanning along the Z axis (Figure 4) and K _y when scanning along the Y axis (Figure 4), which are direction-finding characteristics corresponding to this modulation method in two mutually perpendicular directions Y and Z.

A series of measurements is carried out for the initial and final positions of the components of the pancreatic system of the information channel corresponding to the short-focus mode of operation of the optical head with focus f ₁ and the long-focus mode of operation of the optical head 1 with focus f ₂ , and average values of the distribution of illuminations are obtained automatically in the monitor to obtain real curves of the distribution of illumination in the image of the hospital for the initial and final positions separately when scanning along the directions Y and Z (see Fig. 4). The oscillograms of the distribution curves of the illumination E in the healthcare facility and beyond and the direction-finding characteristics of K _y , K _z during scanning in each of the Y and Z directions are analyzed.

Shown together in figure 4, the graphs of the distribution of illumination and direction-finding characteristics for each of the coordinates illustrate the ability to accurately determine the parameters of medical facilities: according to the graph of the direction-finding characteristics of K _y , K _z determine the dimensions of the linear and full zones of these characteristics for each of the coordinates. The distribution curves of illumination and direction-finding characteristics for each coordinate are interdependent, the curves of direction-finding characteristics reflect the size of healthcare facilities, and the energy curve reflects the distribution of illumination in this healthcare facilities. The illumination values E at predetermined points of the healthcare facility, the illumination value in the information center of the healthcare facility E ₀ , the illuminance values at the edges of the linear zone E ₁ , the illuminance values outside the healthcare facility E ₂ in accordance with FIG. 4 are determined. Thus, each point of the direction-finding characteristic of medical facilities with values of K _yi , K _zi corresponds to its own point of illumination with a value of E _i .

The analysis of the graphs of the oscillograms of the distribution of illumination E and direction-finding characteristics of K _y and K _z for each of the coordinates allows us to determine the real values of the sizes of the radii of the characteristic zones in the image of the health facility. To carry out real measurements of the radii of the characteristic zones of medical facilities, the Y, Z axes are calibrated using the scale factor β = L / f to obtain the real values of r _y , r _z along the abscissa in accordance with the formula, in meters:

и полной

зон. Сложение соответственно абсолютных значений радиусов линейной

и полной

зон ЛПУ дает возможность определить соответственно диаметр линейной

и полной

зон ЛПУ. На основании измерений имеем значения

которые соответствуют начальному и конечному положениям компонентов панкреатической системы информационного канала, что позволяет определить энергетическую рас ходимость [5] ЛПУ для разного масштаба изображений ЛПУ по следующей формуле, в радианах:The characteristic zones of medical facilities are indicated on the graph as the radii of the linear

and complete

zones. The addition of the absolute values of the radii of the linear

and complete

zones of medical facilities makes it possible to determine the diameter of the linear

and complete

zones of healthcare facilities. Based on the measurements, we have the values

which correspond to the initial and final positions of the components of the pancreatic system of the information channel, which allows us to determine the energy divergence [5] of medical facilities for different scale images of medical facilities according to the following formula, in radians:

A comparative analysis of the real curves of the averaged distribution of illumination over healthcare facilities, the direction-finding characteristics of the controlled product with the corresponding reference curves and the identification of characteristic signs of similarity, namely, the energy illuminance in the center of the field, at the edges of the linear zone, outside the healthcare facility, as well as the linear dimensions of the healthcare facility are carried out.

Further, using the graphs of direction-finding characteristics (see Fig. 4), the angular coefficients γ _y , γ _{z of the} linear portion of the direction-finding characteristic (K _y = γ _y · Y and K _z = γ _z · Z) are determined, which indicate a linear dependence of the values K _y and K _z from the magnitude of the displacement relative to the information center of the healthcare facility in two directions Y and Z, calculated by the following formulas:

The angular coefficients γ _y , γ _{z of the} linear portion of the direction-finding characteristic of K _y , K _z can also be defined as the average expectation by the following formulas:

where K _yi , Y _i and K _zi , Z _i are the coordinates i of the point of the real bearing characteristic along the corresponding axes Y and Z; n is the number of measurements taken (for example, n = 16).

A comparative analysis of the obtained values of the angular coefficients of linearity of the direction-finding characteristics of the monitored information channel with the reference is carried out and a conclusion is made on the correspondence of the parameters of the modulated laser radiation in each of the coordinates.

,

, оси распространения ЛПУ к оси информационного канала по следующей формуле:Next, determine the dynamic change in the magnitude of the displacement of the axis of propagation of the MPC to the axis of the information channel in real time on the values of K _y , K _z along the entire trajectory of the components of the pancreatic system, while the optical system 9 is removed from the optical path. For this, by means of a pointing device in space 15, the point aperture installed in the center of the scanning field with coordinates Y ₀ , Z ₀ is combined with the exact coordinates of the information center of the medical facility until the values K _y = 0, K _z = 0 are obtained, this position is recorded and recorded oscillograms of the displacement of the information center of the MPI by changing the values of K _y , K _z when the components of the pancreatic system move from the initial to the final position, we obtain a regularity of the dynamic change in the magnitude of the displacement of the axis of the MPI in two coordinates (i.e. e. the coordinate offset of the information center of the medical facility) relative to the axis of the information channel in real time (see figure 5). The obtained sequence of values of Ku, Kz, characterizing the change in the magnitude of the displacement of the axis of propagation of healthcare facilities relative to the axis of the information channel, is processed in a personal computer using the mathematical software, the mismatch value is calculated

,

, the distribution axis of healthcare facilities to the axis of the information channel according to the following formula:

- абсолютное значение команды управления на краю линейной зоны для начального положения подвижных компонентов панкреатической системы,Where

- the absolute value of the control command at the edge of the linear zone for the initial position of the moving components of the pancreatic system,

K _{y (z)} is the current value of the control command,

- абсолютное значение размера радиуса линейной зоны для начального положения подвижных компонентов панкреатической системы.

- the absolute value of the size of the radius of the linear zone for the initial position of the moving components of the pancreatic system.

и

- измерены на графиках кривых пеленгационных характеристик К_у, К_z. Затем по значениям α _y, α _z, рассчитанным в соответствии с формулой (8), компьютер производит вычисление величины рассогласования оси распространения информационного центра ЛПУ к оси информационного канала по следующей формуле:The above values of K _{y (z)} are obtained from a sequence of values when the propagation axis of the MPI is shifted along each coordinate individually, and the values

and

- measured on the graphs of the curves of direction-finding characteristics of K _y K _z . Then, using the values of α _y , α _z calculated in accordance with formula (8), the computer calculates the size of the mismatch of the propagation axis of the information center of the health facility to the axis of the information channel using the following formula:

A personal computer, using the software, by the formula (8), (9) calculates the values of α _y (z) and α with registration on the monitor screen in the form of a graphical record of the mismatch of the axis of propagation of medical facilities to the axis of the information channel depending on time t , from.

All of the above parameters and characteristics of healthcare facilities measured for the information channel are compared with similar parameters of healthcare facilities of the information channel of the reference product with identification of similarity signs, which is identical to determining the parameters of the information channel. Thus, the study of the characteristics and parameters of the medical facilities of the controlled product allows us to judge the parameters and characteristics of the information channel itself.

Thus, the claimed device provides not only the possibility of high-precision control of the dimensions of the medical facilities of the information channel in the initial and final positions of the components of the pancreatic system, but also provides the following parameters: changing the position of the information center of the medical facilities when moving the components of the pancreatic system, estimating the angle of inclination of the axis of the radiation beam axis of the information channel, i.e. determination of the magnitude of the mismatch of the propagation axis of the healthcare facility at the output of the information channel relative to its optical axis.

Sources of information

1. Sight guidance device 1K13. Technical description and operating instructions 1572.00.00.000TO, Central Design Bureau "Peleng", 1987

2. Patent RU 2108531, IPC F 41 G 7/00, 11/00. Sight guidance device, publ. 04/10/1998, bull. No. 10.

3. Product PPN-D SOZH. Specifications 7032.00.00.000TU, OJSC "Peleng", 1999, chapter 3.

4. Patent RU 2091729, IPC G 01 J 1/04. Device for determining the energy divergence of a laser beam, publ. September 27, 1997 - a prototype.

5. GOST 26086-84 Methods for measuring the beam diameter and energy divergence of laser radiation. - M .: Publishing house of standards, 1985, p.2-8.

Claims (1)

A device for monitoring the parameters of the laser control field (LPC) of the information channel, which includes an optically coupled focusing system, in the focal plane of which a calibrated diaphragm unit equipped with a first movement mechanism is installed, and a photodetector device (FPU), the output of which is connected to the first input of the analog-to-digital converter (ADC), the output of which is connected to the first input of the controller, the control unit (CU), the first input of which is connected to the first output of the controller, the second output of the controller is connected to the input of the recording unit, the first, second and third outputs of the control unit are connected, respectively, with the first input of the first movement mechanism, with the first and second inputs of the guidance device in space, characterized in that a command allocation unit (IAC) is introduced, the first input of which is connected to the output FPU, the first and second outputs of the IAC are connected respectively to the second and third inputs of the ADC, the fourth input of the ADC is connected to the third output of the controller, the focusing system is made with a variable value of the focal length and with the focal plane and contains a telephoto lens and an optical system equipped with a second movement mechanism, the input of which is connected to the fourth output of the control unit, and the output is connected to the second input of the controller, the first movement mechanism is made in the form of a two-coordinate scanning device, the second input of which is connected to the fifth output of the control unit , the first and second outputs of the first movement mechanism are connected respectively to the third and fourth inputs of the controller, the focusing system with a block of calibration diaphragms, FPU and BVK you made in the form of a single optical head equipped with a pointing device in space, the first and second outputs of which are connected respectively to the fifth and sixth inputs of the controller, the seventh input of which is connected to the sixth output of the control unit, the seventh output of which is connected to the input of the FPU and to the second input of the IAC, in As a recording unit, a personal computer with a monitor was used; the output of a personal computer is connected to the eighth input of the controller.

Images