RU2247653C1 - Agent for protection of wood against affection by wood-coloring and mold funguses - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: protection of wood, for example protection of green lumbers against mold and wood-coloring funguses, as well as against insects of various types.

SUBSTANCE: the agent for protection of wood contains fungicides-sodium dimethyldithiocarbomate and sodium pentaborate, wetting agent sinterol or alkylsulfonate as a quaternary ammonium base - ЛПЭ bactericide, ethylene glycol, defoamer - 2-ethylhexanol, ethylene glycol, water at the following relation of the components, mass percent: sodium pentaborate - 5 to 15, sodium dimethyldithiocarbomate 5-15, ЛПЭ bactericide, sinterol or alkylsulfonate - 5 to 15, 2-ethylhexanol - 1 to 5, ethylene glycol - 5 to 20, water - up to 100.

EFFECT: due to its balanced composition and absence of high-toxic compounds and sparingly soluble sediments, the offered agent makes it possible to enhance the biological efficiency and improve the operating properties.

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Description

The invention relates to logging and woodworking industries and is intended to protect wood, for example raw lumber, from wood-staining and moldy fungi.

In accordance with GOST 10950-78 “Lumber and blanks. Antiseptics by immersion ”, lumber and blanks intended for transportation and (or) storage with humidity above 22% are antiseptic with water-soluble protective agents, if mold and sapwood mushroom stains are not allowed in these lumber or blanks.

Known means for protecting wood from blueness and mold: according to A.S. USSR No. 1659194, IPC B 27 K 3/52, BI No. 24, 1991; by A.S. USSR No. 1698062, IPC B 27 K 3/34, BI No. 46, 1991 and according to the RF Patent No. 2045393, IPC ⁶ B 27 K 3/52, BI No. 28, 1995

The disadvantage of these funds is the content in them of either toxic halogen-containing organic substances, or ammonia and synthetic fatty acids with a pungent odor, or deficient components - thiourea.

Closest to the proposed one is a wood preservative (RF Patent No. 2147510, IPC ⁷ B 27 K 3/52, BI No. 11, 2000) with the following composition of components, wt.%: Boric acid or its salt 10-25, sodium dimethyldithiocarbamate 10-30, sulfonates 20-30, carbonic salts or alkali metal bases - the rest is up to 100. The proposed tool may additionally contain quaternary ammonium salts (FAC) in an amount of 0.5-3 wt.% and is used in powder form or in liquid form.

However, this tool also has a number of significant disadvantages. Cooked in powder form, it is prone to dusting, and therefore, due to the presence of toxic components in the formulation, boric acid and soda ash, it is a dangerous product for people working with it and for the environment. In addition, the soda ash contained in the preparation (up to 50%) is hardly soluble in water. In significant quantities, it remains unused for its intended purpose; it is collected at the bottom of the bath for wood impregnation and thereby causes additional difficulties when cleaning these baths and disposing of the precipitate formed. In the liquid form of this product, even during short-term storage (less than 1 month), due to high concentrations of caustic soda and boric acid, difficult to break and difficult to dissolve precipitates are formed, which leads to great difficulties at the stage of preparing working solutions for wood processing.

The proposed invention is aimed at increasing the biological efficiency and improving the operational properties of wood preservatives.

The problem is solved by a means to protect wood from damage by wood-coloring and mold fungi containing fungicide - sodium dimethyldithiocarbamate, wetting agent, ethylene glycol, quaternary ammonium base and water, in which, unlike the prototype, it contains synterol or alkyl sulfonate, as the quaternary - LET bactericide and additionally fungicide - sodium pentaborate and antifoam - 2-ethylhexanol, in the following ratio, wt.%:

sodium pentaborate 5-15

5-15 sodium dimethyldithiocarbamate

LET bactericide 5-15

sinterol or alkylsulfonate 5-15

2-ethylhexanol 1-5

ethylene glycol 5-20

water up to 100

The proposed tool does not contain highly toxic, hazardous to humans and the environment compounds and is a convenient suspension, easily soluble in water, a concentrated suspension. The balanced composition of the product allows the use of working solutions for processing wood with relatively low concentrations of the active substance, while achieving high bioprotection of wood.

Sodium pentaborate is a boron-containing fungicide that is more active than boric acid and can reduce the consumption of the drug per unit of cultivated area.

To improve the operational properties of the drug during its production and use, 2-ethylhexanol is introduced as an antifoam. This is due to the fact that the abundant foam formed under the action of surfactants complicates the manufacturing process and the use of the drug.

All components that make up the product are not scarce and are produced by industry:

- sodium pentaborate is obtained from boric acid produced in accordance with GOST 18704-78;

- sodium dimethyldithiocarbamate (crystalline carbamate MP) is produced according to TU 2452-259-00204197-2001;

- LET bactericide is produced according to TU 2458-039-00209295-02;

- Synterol is produced according to TU 2481-052-05807977-99;

- alkyl sulfonate is produced according to TU 6-01-5763450-10;

- 2-ethylhexanol is produced according to GOST 26624-85;

- ethylene glycol is produced according to GOST 19710-83.

The wood preservative is prepared as follows.

Liquid components are loaded into a stirred reactor: water, ethylene glycol, 2-ethylhexanol and LET bactericide. Then, with constant stirring, sodium pentaborate, sodium dimethyldithiocarbamate and synterol or alkyl sulfonate are successively charged into the reactor. After stirring for 30 minutes at a temperature of 20-30 ° C, the product is ready for use.

To test the proposed funds were taken samples with different contents of the components (table 1).

Table 1 Name of components Numbers / compositions of samples, wt.% 1 2 3 4 5 6 Pentaborate sodium 10 5 fifteen 2 10 10 Dimethyldithiocarbamate sodium 7.5 fifteen 5 10 3 10 LET bactericide 7 fifteen 5 10 10 3 2-ethylhexanol 1 5 3 1 1 1 Sinterol 5 10 - 5 10 - Alkylsulfonate - - fifteen - - 10 Ethylene glycol fifteen 5 twenty fifteen 10 fifteen Water up to 100 up to 100 up to 100 up to 100 up to 100 up to 100

Samples 1, 2, 3 correspond to the claimed composition. Samples 4, 5, 6 were taken with a prohibitive content of components. For testing the claimed composition used samples of sapwood pine with a humidity of 80-120%, size 5 × 15 × 180 mm Samples were treated by immersion in impregnation solutions for 1 min. Distilled water was used as a solvent for the preparations. Samples were infected by dipping into a spore suspension of 27 species of fungi (strain Senezh), which comprise 3 groups of 9 species each.

The first group includes the following types of fungi: Penicillium ochrochloron, Penicillium brevi-compactum, Fusarium meniliforme, Alternaria humicola, Aspergillus niger, Aspergillus terreus, Penicillium chrisogenum, Phialophora fastigiata, Fusarium poae.

The second group includes the following types of fungi: Fusarium javanicum, Fusarium merismoides, Poecylomyces variotti, Sporidesmium cladosporioides, Trichosporium cheteromorphum, Aspergillus hennebergii, Discula pinicola, Cladosporium herbarum, Verticillium margudi.

The third group includes the following types of fungi: Aspergillus amstelodanum, Penicillium cyclopium, Alternaria tenuis, Fusarium culmorum, Penicillium purpurgenum, Aspergillus flsvus, Leptographium lundbergii, Trichosporium harzianum.

Evaluation of the effectiveness of the protective agent, as provided by GOST, was carried out after 15 days of exposure, according to the average area affected by the fungi of the surface of the samples in percent and according to the stage of development of the fungus. The latter was evaluated on a six-point system:

0 - absolutely pure samples during visual inspection and under a microscope;

1 - visually clean samples; when viewed under a microscope, small foci are visible in the form of spots of one type of wood-staining or mold fungi; sporulation stage is absent;

2 - surface development of mycelium of certain types of wood-staining and mold fungi in the form of spots; sporulation stage is absent;

3 - abundant growth of the mycelium of certain species of wood-staining or mold fungi; the beginning of the stage of sporulation of one of the species of fungi;

4 - fungal growth is clearly visible during visual inspection, various stages of sporulation of most species of wood-staining and mold fungi;

5 - deep damage by wood-coloring and mold fungi of the entire area of the sample, intensive sporulation.

The test results are presented in table 2.

The results obtained show a high effectiveness of the agent in the claimed ratio of components. Going beyond at least one component leads to a decrease in the effectiveness of the drug.

Thus, the proposed wood preservative due to its balanced composition and the absence of highly toxic compounds and hardly soluble precipitates in it allows increasing biological efficiency and improving operational properties.

Claims (1)

Means for protecting wood from damage by wood-coloring and mold fungi, containing fungicide - sodium dimethyldithiocarbamate, wetting agent, ethylene glycol, quaternary ammonium base and water, characterized in that it contains sinterol or alkyl sulfonate as a wetting agent, and bacterium as an additional quaternary ammonium E and L sulfate fungicide - sodium pentaborate and antifoam - 2-ethylhexanol, in the following ratio, wt. %: sodium pentaborate 5-15 5-15 sodium dimethyldithiocarbamate LET bactericide 5-15 sinterol or alkylsulfonate 5-15 2-ethylhexanol 1-5 ethylene glycol 5-20 water up to 100