RU2247481C1 - Method for postharvest processing of flax heap - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: agriculture.

SUBSTANCE: method involves separating flax heap into tangled mass, free seed boxes and seed fractions by pulling flax heap over grid surface; drying and threshing seed boxes; after passage of flax heap over grid surface, providing separation of seed boxes from tangled flax heap mass by means of rotor device equipped with screw-type working tool adapted for axial feeding of heap. Free seeds and seed boxes are exposed to drying procedure.

EFFECT: reduced consumption of power for drying of raw flax heap.

2 dwg

Description

The invention relates to agriculture, in particular, to methods for post-harvest processing of flax heap.

Known methods for processing flax heap, including loading raw heap into a drying chamber, drying and processing it on a flax clover, or thresher MB - 2.5 A, or other grater apparatus (I.N. Bolotov, A.A. Kozyreva, P.K. .Kondrashuk et al. Integrated mechanization of flax cultivation. Agricultural Publishing House, 1962, p.203-206, p.136-140; A.Ya. Soloviev, L. M. Klyatis. Textbook of flax farmer. - M., Kolos, 1975, p. .88-90; V.I. Zelenko. Rotary dryers. Tver, 2002, p.101-136; AS USSR No. 1540705, Cl. 5 A 01 D 45 / 06.1987).

A common disadvantage of the known methods for processing flax heap is the high consumption of fuel and electricity for the useless drying of the confusion contained in the heap, which has a moisture content significantly greater than seed boxes. In addition, the drying time of the heap increases and the throughput of the equipment decreases.

A known method of separating flax heap and a device for implementation (AS USSR No. 1391524, Cl. 4 A 01 D 45/06, 1986, prototype), including the separation of the heap for drying into fractions of mud, free seeds and seed boxes, drying and threshing seed boxes.

The disadvantage of this method is the ineffective separation of the heap into fractions of confusion and seed boxes with free seeds. If there is a significant amount of seed bolls in the confusion, it (confusion) is dried and threshed, consuming a large amount of fuel and electricity.

The problem solved by this invention is to reduce the heat consumption for drying raw heap.

The object of the invention is solved by introducing an additional operation of tearing seed bolls from confusion by a rotary device with an auger working body with axial feed in a method for post-harvest processing of flax heap, comprising dividing flax heap into fractions of confusion and free seed bolls and seeds by dragging the heap over a sieve surface, drying and threshing seed boxes.

Due to the effective separation of seed bolls from confusion, only free seeds and seed bolls selected at both stages of separation are to be dried.

The efficiency of separating seed bolls from confusion is achieved by performing the operation of dividing the heap into fractions in two stages, namely, by a rotary device with a screw working body, with its axial feeding in the second stage, which ensures separation, and not grinding, of seed bolls from the confusion and the release of compressed confusion for the limits of the drying point. In the known methods for isolating confusion from a heap in two stages by dragging it along a sieve surface and then grinding it (AS USSR No. 1727662, class 5 A 01 D 45/06, 1990; AS USSR No. 1535442, class .5 A 01 D 45/06, 1988) is not achieved and cannot be achieved effective separation of seed bolls from confusion due to the fact that the grinding operation of the raw heap is unacceptable due to its high humidity, which entails its transformation as a result of grinding into a mushy mass.

The invention is illustrated by drawings. Figure 1 shows a diagram explaining the method of post-harvest processing of flax heap; figure 2 is a flow diagram of a production line for processing flax heap.

The method of post-harvest processing of flaxseed heap contains the following operations:

- supply of raw heap to the separating device;

- dragging the heap along the sieve surface;

- separation of seed bolls from confusion by a rotary device with a screw working body with axial feed;

- drying seed boxes and free seeds;

- threshing of dry seed bolls.

The claimed method of post-harvest processing of flax heap is as follows.

Raw flax heap from the tractor cart is dumped into the receiving platform 1 and transferred to the comb conveyor 2, which selects portions of the heap and dumps them into a special conveyor - dispenser 3, which directs the loosened mass to the sieve-comb conveyor 4.

In the process of dragging the flax heap with blades along the sieve surface of the comb conveyor 4, free seeds and seed bolls are selected from the heap, sifting through the sieve surface of the conveyor 4. In addition, a uniform layer of heap consisting of confusion with unrefined seed bolls and weed stems is selected by this conveyor 4 which is fed into the rotor device 5 with a screw working body and axial feed. In the device 5, undergoing repeated exposure to a screw working body, the seed boxes are torn off from the confusion, and the confusion pressed by the screw working body with the stems of weeds is thrown out. The free seeds and seed bolls isolated from the heap, small heap (seed bolls with scraps of stems) at both stages of separation by transporting bodies 6, 7, 8 are sent to the drying chamber 9, where they are blown with heated air from the air heater 10. After drying, the small heap and free seed boxes are unloaded with a screw 11 and fed through a conveyor 12 to the grinding device 13, and dry clean seeds wake up through the grate of the drying chamber 9. In the grinding device 13 dry small heap and its odnye bolls subjected to chafing, resulting in frayed heap of recovered clean dry flax seeds and husks (discarded).

Processing raw flaxseed according to the claimed technology is industrially feasible and can significantly reduce heat consumption for drying the raw heap, save fuel and electricity. In addition, the drying time of the heap is reduced and the throughput of the equipment increases.

Claims (1)

A method of post-harvest processing of flax heap, comprising dividing flax heap into fractions of confusion and free seed bolls and seeds by dragging the heap over a sieve surface, drying and threshing seed bolls, characterized in that after dragging the heap over the sieve surface, the seed bolls are separated from the confusion by a rotary device with a screw working body with axial feed, and free seeds and seed boxes are dried.

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