RU2245416C1 - Fish guide of fish pass facility - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: hydraulic engineering.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to hydraulic works designed for passing fish spawners through retaining facilities to places of spawning and fattening. Proposed fish guide has prismatic fish guide slots made in bottom of head race of lower pond arranged at acute angle to longitudinal axis of fish pass facility. Slots differ in width over length adjoining by minimum width to inlet of trough-fish storage and they are made in plan in form of rays diverging relative to longitudinal axis of fish pass facility. End face parts of slots adjoining inlet of trough-fish storage communicate with trough channels whose bottom is made tilting to side of lower pond. Fish guide is provided with bottom undersluices and stream-forming nozzles communicating with undersluices which are connected by gate with upper pond, nozzles being arranged in bottom part of slots and orientated to lower pond.

EFFECT: provision of hydraulic conditions in zone of fish guide contributing to effective movement of fish to inlet of fish pass facility.

4 cl, 9 dwg

Description

The invention relates to hydraulic engineering, in particular to fish passage facilities designed to allow fish producers to pass through retaining structures to spawning and feeding grounds.

Known fish guide device [1], including tactile fish tracks, made in plan in the form of rays diverging from the entrance to the fish tray, towards the downstream at different angles, and roughness elements forming the outer working surface of the tactile tracks.

The disadvantage of this device is the low efficiency of the impact on bottom fish, as well as the high probability of entering tracks by sediment.

The closest in technical essence and the achieved result is a fish-guiding device [2], including fish-guiding slots with a prismatic cross-section, made in the bottom of the supply channel of the lower pool of the waterworks, located at an acute angle to the longitudinal axis of the fish passage structure, while the slots, along its length, made with different widths, with the smallest width they are adjacent to the entrance to the fish tray.

The disadvantage of this device is the low efficiency of fish movement along the slots, as well as the high probability of entering slots with sediment.

The aim of the invention is the creation of effective hydraulic conditions in the area of the location of the fish-guiding device, providing effective promotion of fish to the entrance to the fish passage structure.

The invention consists in the following.

According to claim 1 of the claims. The implementation of slots in the form of rays allows you to increase the range of influence of fish-guiding slots and increase the efficiency of attracting bottom species of fish in the fish-storage tray. The connection of the end parts of the slots with the inner space of the fish storage tray creates favorable conditions for the unhindered passage of fish from the slots into the fish passage structure. The inclined bottom of the channels allows you to gradually bring the fish to the bottom mark of the fish storage tray and, accordingly, to ensure an uninterrupted flow in the inlet of the fish storage tray.

According to claim 2 and 3 of the claims. Performing a cross-section of ovoid and triangular shaped slots is a variant of a fish-guiding device, which, both from a practical (operational) point of view and from a technological point of view - ensuring the passage of fish, are not inferior to the main version.

According to claim 4 of the claims. The supply of the device with a bottom gallery and jet-forming nozzles allows you to create an active flow in the slots, which, in turn, ensures the active attraction and promotion of fish, as well as effective washing of the slots from sediment. The supply of the working flow rate to the jet-forming nozzles comes from the bottom gallery, fed with the upper pool. The nozzle operating modes are controlled by a shutter (not shown) that overlaps the live section of the gallery and is located in the upper pool.

The authors described in detail the proposed design of the fish-guiding device and presented the constructive part of the application, illustrated with extensive graphic material, tried to describe in detail the principle of the device, and also revealed the essence of the invention, which leaves the examination with a minimum of opportunity to request additional materials. For their part, the authors hope for a constructive dialogue with expertise, which will be fruitful for both interested parties.

In general, the design features of the independent and dependent claims meet the criterion of “significant differences” and are so interconnected that they form a single creative concept.

The solution to this problem is achieved by creating a new design of a fish-directing device. Graphic material that explains the essence of the invention is presented in the following figures:

figure 1 is a fragment of the plan of the inlet of the fish passage structure;

figure 2 is a cross section aa;

figure 3 is the same, an option with a cross section of the slots of the ovoid shape;

4 is the same, a variant with a cross-section of slots of a triangular shape;

5 is a transverse section bB;

6 is a cross-section aa, a variant with bottom galleries, a prismatic cross-section of a slot;

Fig.7 is a cross section aa, a variant with bottom galleries, an ovoidal cross section of a slot;

Fig - cross section aa, a variant with bottom galleries, a triangular cross section of the slot;

Fig.9 is a fragment of a longitudinal section of the inlet of the fish passage structure.

The fish-guiding device includes fish-guiding slots 1 with a prismatic cross-section, made at the bottom of the supply channel of the lower pool 2 of the waterworks, located at an acute angle to the longitudinal axis of the fish passage structure, while the slots 1 are made with different widths along their length, the smallest width of which is adjacent to the entrance to the fish storage tray 3. Fish guide slots 1 are made in plan in the form of beams 4 diverging relative to the longitudinal axis of the fish passage structure, and their end parts adjoining e to the entrance to the fish storage tray 3, communicated with it through channels 5, the bottom of which is made inclined towards the downstream 2.

In addition, the cross section of the slots 1 can be made ovoid in shape.

In addition, the cross section of the slots 1 can be made triangular in shape.

In addition, it can be equipped with bottom galleries 6 and jet-forming nozzles 7, and nozzles 7 communicate with galleries 6, which are connected by a shutter (not shown) to the upper pool of the hydraulic system, while nozzles 7 are located in the bottom of the slots 1 and are oriented towards the lower Bief 2.

Fish guide device operates as follows.

In the process of attracting fish from the downstream search zone 2, bottom fish species can move along the fish-guiding slots 1, since they are tactile landmarks for moving to the entrance to the fish storage tray 3. From the slots 1, the fish goes directly to the fish passage structure due to the presence of channels 5, connecting the end parts of the slots 1 with the inner space of the tray-fish tank 3 (Fig.5 and 9). Beam 4 location of the slots 1 (figure 1) allows you to expand the influence zone of the fish-guiding device and, accordingly, increase the efficiency of attracting fish.

In the case of using the variant with bottom galleries 6 and jet-forming nozzles 7 (Figs. 6, 7 and 8), the operating modes of the fish-guiding slots 1 can be controlled. In addition, in case of a change in the hydrological situation in the downstream area 2 (for example, a change in the water level or a decrease in the total values of discharged discharge through the spillway dam of the hydroelectric complex) supply of an additional discharge to the jet-forming nozzles 7 ensures the creation of stable hydraulic conditions for the effective attraction of fish, mainly bottom species. Expanding, in plan, slots 1 and the total increase in flow rate along the length of slots 1 cancel each other, that is, along the length of slots 1, the average flow rate is constant. In addition, the creation of an active flow in the space of the slots 1 allows you to wash out sediments from them and ensure reliable operation of the fish-guiding device.

The proposed fish guide device allows you to control the modes of attracting bottom fish and can be used as part of the input heads of fish passages, fish passage and spawning canals, fish lifts and fish passage locks.

Sources of information

1. Malevanchik B.S. and Nikonorov I.V. “Fish passage and fish protection structures”. - M.: Light and food industry, 1984, p. 163, Fig. 57.

2. Malevanchik B.S. and Nikonorov I.V. “Fish passage and fish protection structures”. - M.: Light and food industry, 1984, p. 106, Fig. 34.

Claims (4)

1. The fish guide device of the fish passage structure, including fish guide slots with a prismatic cross section, made at the bottom of the supply channel of the lower tail of the waterworks, located at an acute angle to the longitudinal axis of the fish passage structure, while the slots are made with different widths along their length, the smallest width of which are adjacent to the entrance to the fish storage tray, characterized in that the fish guide slots are made in plan in the form of rays diverging relative to the longitudinal axis of the fish passage of the construction, and their end parts adjacent to the entrance to the fish-storage tray are communicated with it through channels, the bottom of which is made inclined towards the downstream. 2. The fish-guiding device according to claim 1, characterized in that the cross-section of the slots is ovoid in shape. 3. Fish guide device according to claim 1, characterized in that the cross-section of the slots is made triangular in shape. 4. Fish guide device according to any one of paragraphs. 1-3, characterized in that it is equipped with bottom galleries and jet-forming nozzles, the nozzles communicating with galleries that are connected by a shutter to the upper pool of the hydraulic system, while the nozzles are located in the bottom of the slots and are oriented towards the lower pool.

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