RU2242388C2 - Object displacement device - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: materials handling facilities.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to device for transportation of objects from lower point to upper point and back. It is designed for transportation of objects in container along two inclined, vertical or horizontal flexible ties. Proposed device consists of movable housing with cover, stepped pulley fitted into movable housing and provided with axle of rotation, and pulley stop installed in housing. Housing is furnished with container with handle and locking mechanism. Flexible ties wound on pulley steps get out through slots between cover and housing. One of flexible ties wound by one end on smaller step of pulley is provided with triple hook-crab. Other flexible tie wound by one end of larger step of pulley is provided with free end to which control force is to be applied. Such design of device provides possibility of movement of objects arranged in containers along ties pointed to different sides, or arranged vertically or horizontally, staying at rest, if necessary, in initial, any intermediate and final positions.

EFFECT: improved convenience of loading and unloading in final position.

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Description

The invention relates to devices for moving objects from a lower point to an upper or vice versa, and is intended to move these objects in a container along two obliquely, vertically or horizontally flexible connections (for example, along threads, ropes, ropes, cables) both under ordinary conditions and and in emergency situations.

Known ship launching device [1], adopted as a prototype, containing a two-stage pulley mounted to rotate on the roof of a load-bearing element made in the form of a cargo floating cabin, two rods, one of which is applied the control tension force, and this rod thrown through the auxiliary unit on the remote boom and wound on one of the steps of this pulley, the second step of which is designed to connect to a second flexible connection having an end element at the end, connected also with an extended boom.

The disadvantage of this device is that it cannot be used to move objects along inclined and horizontal flexible links and cannot be used to move objects in containers along vertical links directed in opposite directions. (The prototype provides for the movement of goods along two vertical flexible connections emanating from the load-bearing element, made in the form of a cargo floating cabin, exactly in one direction - both up to the remote boom).

EFFECT: provision of moving objects in the container along inclined, as well as vertical or horizontal flexible connections directed in opposite directions (from the load-bearing element), ensuring peace in the initial, any intermediate or final positions, ensuring convenience during unloading and loading operations.

The technical result is achieved as follows. A two-stage pulley is placed in a movable housing, while the housing is provided with slots 9 and 10 between the cover and the housing on opposite walls of the housing. The load-bearing element made in the prototype in the form of a cargo floating cabin is replaced by a load-bearing element in the form of a container located on the guide brackets mounted on the outer surface of the movable housing, while the two-stage pulley is not mounted directly "on the roof of the container" (not on the roof of the load-carrying cabin, as was done in the prototype, see the claims of the prototype), and placed in a housing, to the outer surface of which brackets are attached, and it is allowed to mount the container (with by the power of the guides) both from the bottom and from the top of the case (Fig. 1 shows the position of the container from the bottom of the case, as the position in space most often occupied by the device). A remote boom with a fastener for one flexible connection and an intermediate unit for the second connection, which ensures the vertical position of the flexible connections in the prototype (both up from the cargo floating cabin), are eliminated due to uselessness. The upper (right in Fig. 1 of the present description) end of the flexible connection wound on a lower step of the pulley is equipped with a cat trident (a small anchor - a trident tooth hook), and this flexible connection fastening element is located in the upper cargo delivery point (and not on the remote boom as it was in the prototype). The lower (left in FIG. 1 of the present description) end of a flexible connection wound around a large pulley stage, with the control force applied, as in the prototype, unlike the prototype, unfolds in space, is brought out through the opposite slot and is located (unlike the prototype ) is opposite the upper end of another flexible connection, and at the same time it is located at the lower point of dispatch (or delivery) of cargo (in this case, the connection does not transfer through the auxiliary unit on the remote boom as in the prototype). The location of opposite flexible connections is allowed not only on one vertical, that is, the movement of the object is provided not only in the vertical, but also in the inclined or horizontal directions. And to create more convenient conditions for unloading and loading at the end of this movement, the movable housing is made with a stopper for a two-stage pulley. That is, the added or replaced elements of the device form a new population, have a pairwise relative arrangement different from the prototype and a general arrangement different from the prototype, a new spatial orientation different from the arrangement of elements in the prototype, and provide a new quality, a new technical result, and the range of tasks to be solved device expanded.

These distinctive features are significant, as they affect the possibility of obtaining a technical result, that is, they are in a causal relationship with the specified result.

Figure 1 shows the device, a General view; figure 2 - the case without a cover with a stepped pulley, top view (perpendicular to the pulley plane from the side of the cover); figure 3 shows the device, front view. Moreover, in Fig.1 and Fig.3 shows partial sections of the container and partial sections of the guide brackets.

The stopper is shown in the “Off” position, that is, when the protrusions on the pulley do not engage with the stopper and the pulley can rotate.

The inventive device consists of a movable housing 1 with a cover 2, a stepped pulley 3 mounted therein, having an axis of rotation 4, mounted in a housing of a pulley stopper 5, a container 6 placed on the guide brackets attached to the outer surface of the movable housing, and having a handle 13 and a locking mechanism that allows you to insert, remove and fix the container (see figure 3). In this case, flexible links 7 and 8 are wound on the pulley stage, leaving through the slots 9 and 10 between the cover and the housing. The upper flexible connection 8, wound at one end to a small pulley stage, has an upper end equipped with a cat hook 11, and the lower flexible connection 7, wound at one end to a large pulley stage, has a free lower end to which a control tension force is applied (Fig. .1, FIG. 2 and FIG. 3).

The device is used as follows.

Initially, the device is located in the lower point, from which an object is required to be delivered to the upper point. To solve this problem, a trident cat is preliminarily delivered, for example, thrown, to the upper point, which catches at the upper point when the upper flexible connection is pulled. In this case, the excess length of the upper flexible connection is selected (by winding it onto a small pulley stage). Then a movable object is placed in the container and a tension force T _{7 is} applied to the lower end of the flexible connection 7 (in which the upper end is wound on a large pulley stage). By changing the magnitude of the force T ₇ , you can control the device, so the force T _{7 will} be called the "control force". There are three possible cases.

If the tension force T ₇ is such that equal moments of unequal tension forces of the flexible rods act on the pulley, then the pulley, and with it the device, remain at rest. This occurs at T ₇ · R = T ₈ · r, where T ₇ is the tension of the lower flexible connection, T ₈ is the tension of the upper flexible connection, R and g are the larger and smaller radii of the pulley steps, respectively. The magnitude of the control force corresponding to this case will be called the “force of zero movement”. It should be noted that the specified state of rest can be ensured both at the point of departure, both at the delivery point, and in an intermediate position between these points due to the application of the corresponding “zero-motion force”.

When the magnitude of the control force is greater than the “zero-motion force”, the moment of the tension force T ₇ applied to the larger pulley stage becomes larger than the moment of the tension force applied to the lower pulley stage, so the pulley starts to rotate so that the lower flexible connection unwinding, it descends from a large step, and the upper flexible connection is wound to a lower step, while the distance from the device to the upper point decreases, that is, the movable body, and with it the container with the object placed in it, rise up the bend th connection.

When the magnitude of the control force is less than the “zero-motion force”, the moment of the tension force applied to the larger pulley stage becomes smaller than the moment of the tension force applied to the lower pulley, so the pulley starts to rotate so that the lower flexible link wraps around the large pulley stage, and the upper flexible connection, remaining taut, is unwound from a small step. In this case, the distance from the device to the upper point increases and the device drops.

Thus, by changing the magnitude of the control force, a person, being at the bottom point, gets the opportunity to control the movement of the moving body up, down or to ensure its peace with the moving object.

In addition, if the second person is in the upper paragraph, he has the opportunity to turn on the stopper, unload the container, if necessary put another object in it and turn off the stopper, which will create more convenient conditions at the end of the movement (or at the beginning of the movement) during unloading and loading . These operations can be performed at the discretion of a person both by non-removal (non-disconnection) of the container along the guide brackets (by only pulling it out), and by taking out (disconnecting) the container along the guides and taking it away from the movable body (see Fig. 1 and Fig. 3 ) In this case, there may be a case of using one container (they turned off the locking device, completely removed it, unloaded it, loaded it, put it back into place and turned on the locking mechanism), and the case of using two containers (while one is being moved, the other is being unloaded, loaded, and the arrival of the movable housing with the container, one takes out the container, and the second one is inserted instead of the first), and other technological cases, but they all have a common feature, namely, the movement using the claimed device is involved There is only one container. therefore, the constructive element of the claimed device indicates exactly one container and precisely for the period of its use in the claimed device. It should also be noted that the claimed device itself can be a link in the chain of transport (movements) by various modes of transport (various types of devices) without intermediate overload when changing a vehicle (transporting device).

Comparison of the proposed solutions not only with the prototype [I], but also with other technical solutions in this technical field allowed us to establish the following.

The technical solutions are known from the prior art [2, 3], having features matching the individual features that distinguish the claimed device from the prototype, and relating

- placement of a two-stage pulley of the device for moving along flexible couplings in a housing having a cover, and the thrust for applying a control tension force is wound on a pulley step with a large radius and passed into the gap between the housing and the cover (Science and Life magazine No. 8 for 1973 ., p.117) that, as in the claimed device, it protects the pulley from external influences and reduces the force required to move the movable part of the device;

- execution of the housing with the stopper of the two-stage pulley (a.s. of the USSR 1640734, G 09 B 23/06, 1991), which, as in the claimed device, allows the stopper to prevent rotation of the two-stage pulley around its axis when the stopper is on (see the original description of this training instrument, column 4, subparagraph 5, as opposed to 2 paragraphs from the bottom of page 2 of the Notification);

- implementation of the fastening element of the flexible connection in the form of a trident tooth hook-cat, (see the book by Skryagin L.N. “Anchors”, M .: Transport, 1979, p. 72, 172, Fig. 103), which is widely known and provides the well-known ability to secure a flexible connection by throwing a cat hook.

The indicated technical solutions for their purpose can be briefly called: a toy, a training device in mechanics and a hook-cat, respectively.

The disadvantage of these devices is that they, being used separately from each other or applied together without changing their design, cannot be used to move objects along inclined and horizontal flexible connections and, moreover, do not provide convenience when unloading and loading in the end of such a movement, that is, they do not provide the technical result indicated by the applicant (specified).

This is explained, in particular, by the following.

A toy (Science and Life magazine. No. 8, 1973, p. 117) is an inertial type device that periodically increases or decreases its rotation speed, and in "extreme positions" (upper and lower) this toy (coil) only momentarily stops and begins to rotate in the opposite direction, and intermediate positions can only be occupied in motion, that is, not at rest. In the claimed device, intermediate positions can be occupied both in motion and at rest, both when the stopper is on and off.

The execution of the housing with the stopper of the two-stage pulley in the training device in mechanics (AS USSR 1640734, G 09 V 23/06, 1991) is not new in itself, and allows, with the stopper turned on, to prevent the rotation of the two-stage pulley around its axis ( see the original description of the invention, column 4, lines 5-8), but used separately from other elements of the device also does not provide movement along inclined connections, and only in the claimed device its use in conjunction with other elements with a new arrangement of elements of the device It allows one to achieve a technical result specified by the applicant. In addition, the stopper has a new purpose, in the indicated educational device it serves to turn a mechanical system with two degrees of freedom into a system with one degree of freedom, and the claimed device is already a system with one degree of freedom (in the educational device, moving the movable body is allowed even when it is turned off , and when the stopper is on, and in the claimed device, in working condition, when both flexible ties are tensioned, without moving the pulley, the movement of the movable body is impossible).

The implementation of the flexible coupling attachment element in the form of a trident-shaped cat-hook is not new in itself and ensures that the flexible coupling is secured by casting a cat-hook, but the hook-cat used separately from other elements of the device does not provide movement along inclined connections, and only in the declared the device, its use in conjunction with other elements with a new location allows to achieve a technical result indicated by the applicant. In addition, the hook-cat not only provides the ability to secure the end of the flexible connection, but, unlike the prototype, has a new location at the top point of unloading (loading), and at the same time it is located at the end of one of the two flexible connections directed specifically to opposite sides of the movable housing.

It should be noted that from a simple set (from additions, replacements, exclusions) of these devices, as known parts, connected to a known device according to known rules, the achievement of the technical result indicated by the applicant for a specialist, clearly does not follow from the prior art in the claimed the device, since the added or replaced elements of the claimed device form not only a new population, but have a new location, they have orientation relative to each other and orientation in space, about different from the location and orientation of the elements in the prototype, and provide a new quality, a new technical result, and the range of tasks solved by the device is expanded in relation to the prototype (movement is ensured not only along vertical, but also along inclined and horizontal flexible connections). This is because the location of the upper delivery point (destination or dispatch of the moving object) and the lower point of dispatch (or delivery) of the object in the claimed device is allowed not only on one vertical, that is, the movement of the object is provided not only in the vertical, but also in the inclined or horizontal directions.

Since, according to clause 3.2.4.2 of the Rules, a means of the same purpose, known from information that became public before the priority date of the invention, is indicated as an analogue of the invention, the toy, training device and hook are not considered analogs.

Since, according to paragraph 3.2.4.2 of the Rules, when describing analogues, the one that is inherent in the set of features that is closest to the set of essential features of the invention is indicated as the closest to the invention, the ship’s launching and lifting device [1], which is means of the same purpose.

Moreover, the fame of a solution containing a complete set of distinctive features of the claimed invention has not been established from the prior art.

The prior art does not establish the popularity of the impact of a full set of distinctive features on the technical result indicated by the applicant.

It should also be noted that the claimed device can be used both in ordinary and in emergency conditions, in case of fires.

For example, in the absence of the possibility of self-rescue of a person and the absence of a fire engine with a ladder, it is possible to protect a person who is looking out of a window from poisoning by smoke by delivering an appropriate gas mask to him and thereby save his life.

Sources of information

1. Copyright USSR No. 604742, class. B 63 B 27/16, 1978 (prototype).

2. The journal "Science and Life" No. 8 for 1973, p.117.

3. Copyright USSR No. 1640734 A1, class G 09 B 23/06, 12/21/1988.

Claims (1)

A device for moving objects, containing a two-stage pulley mounted for rotation, a load-bearing element, two flexible connections, each wound at one end on a pulley and the other end brought out to apply control force to one of them, characterized in that the two-stage pulley is placed in a movable with a housing cover provided with a pulley stopper and said load-bearing element made in the form of a container with a handle and a locking mechanism, and flexible connections are brought out through the slots between the cover and the housing and are located opposite each other, while in a flexible connection, one end interacts with a lower pulley stage, the second end is equipped with a three-tooth cat hook, and in a flexible connection, one end interacts with a larger pulley stage, the second end is designed to apply a control force to it providing the ability to move the object in an inclined, vertical or horizontal directions, as well as the state of rest in the initial, final or any intermediate positions.

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