RU2241967C2 - Method for measuring angle and mass of counterweight - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: mechanical engineering.

SUBSTANCE: method includes measuring vibration on bearing supports during mounting of sample loads at different angles in different correction planes and later measurement of vibration speeds in bearing supports. Also measured are distances between supports, distances from supports to correction planes. Then from balance equations counterweight mounting angle and counterweight mass are calculated for each correction plane.

EFFECT: simplified operation.

1 dwg

Description

The invention relates to mechanical engineering and can be used to balance machine parts.

A known method of static determination of the angle of the counterweight, which consists in installing the shaft on a low friction prism and determine the mass of the counterweight by selection, described in the book. GV Baranova “The course of the theory of mechanisms and the machine”. - M.: Mechanical Engineering, 1967.

The disadvantage of static balancing is its low accuracy when balancing in its own bearings due to friction in the bearings.

The method of measuring the angle and mass of the counterweight - “easy spot”, is used, for example, in the balancing device K-4102.P company NPO “Resource”, 198260, St. Petersburg, PO Box 191.

The method of measuring the angle of the counterweight on a rotating object is as follows.

On one circle at an arbitrary reference point, a phototag is installed. The circle is rotated, a signal from the photo emitter is passed through the photo tag, it is received by the photodetector and the angle from the photo tag is fixed. Measure the vibration velocity with a vibrometer on bearings. The speed signals are synchronized with the signal from the photo tag and then used to calculate the phase of the speed. Measure the speed of the circle using a speed sensor. This signal is used to calculate the rotation period.

Then, trial weights are set on the circles, vibration speeds and angles are measured using a photo mark, and the masses of the balances and the balances of the balances in different planes are calculated from the data obtained.

The main disadvantage of this method is the limited scope. So, the method cannot be used to balance parts rotating inside a closed case, inaccessible for installation and observation of the photo tag.

The proposed method consists in measuring vibration on bearing supports when installing test loads of mass A at various angles α in different correction planes, measuring the vibration velocity V in bearing bearings, measuring the distance Y between bearings, measuring the distance X from the bearings to correction planes and calculating from equilibrium equations installation angles β and counterweight B masses for each correction plane.

The drawing shows a shaft 1 installed in three bearing bearings 2 with four circles 3. In the circles, the unbalance correction planes are selected.

In the bearings, the vibration speeds V1 V2, V3 are measured. In the correction planes, at different angles α1, α2, α3, trial weights A1, A2, A3 are installed. Balances of mass B1, B2, B3 and angles β1, β2, β3 of the installation of balances in each correction plane for the given example are found from the equilibrium equation

-V1exp (iv1) / K1-V2exp (iv2) / K2-V3exp (iv3) / K3 +

+ A1exp (iα1) + A2exp (iα2) + A3exp (iα3) + A4exp (iα4) +

+ B1exp (iβ1) + B2exp (iβ2) + B3exp (iβ3) + B4exp (iβ4) = 0;

(A1exp (iα1) + B1exp (iβ1)) X1- (A2exp (iα2) + B2exp (iβ2)) X2 +

+ V2exp (iv2) Y1 / K2- (A3exp (iα3) + B3exp (iβ3)) X3-V3exp (iv3) Y2 / K3-

- (A4exp (iα4) + B4exp (iβ4)) X4 = 0;

(A1exp (iα1) + B1exp (iβ1)) (X1 + Y1) -V1exp (iv1) Y1 / K1 +

+ (A2exp (iα2) + B2exp (iβ2)) (Y1-X2) - (A3exp (iα3) + B3exp (iβ3)) (X3-Y1) +

+ V3exp (iv3) (Y2-Y1) / K3- (A4exp (iα4) + B4exp (iβ4)) (X4-Y1) = 0,

where are known:

V1, V2, V3 - vibration speeds in the first, second and third bearings;

A1, A2, A3, A4 - the mass of test weights in four correction planes;

α1, α2, α3, α4 - installation angles of test weights in correction planes;

X - distance from the support to the correction planes;

Y is the distance between the supports,

and unknown:

B1, B2, B3, B4 - masses of counterweights in four correction planes;

β1, β2, β3, β4 - angles of counterweights;

K1, K2, K3 - coefficients;

v1, v2, v3 - angles.

Similar equations can be made for any number of supports and any number of correction planes

The number of measurements of vibration velocities V for various masses A and corresponding angles α of the test load installation in the correction plane can be any, but not less than enough to solve the system equation.

Coefficients of transmission of vibration through the machine body can be introduced into the equations, and the number of measurements of vibration velocities V at various masses A and the corresponding installation angles α of the test weights in the correction plane also increases.

The novelty of the proposed method of measurement is achieved due to the exclusion of the operation of measuring the phase angle using a phototag.

The novelty of the proposed measurement method is also achieved thanks to additional operations compared to the prototype: measuring the distances Y between the supports, measuring the distances X from the supports to the correction planes.

The technical and economic effect of the application of the invention: the proposed method excludes measuring instruments for photo signals, speed, signal synchronizer, which are equipped with modern balancing devices. Significantly reduced the cost of manufacturing devices.

Claims (1)

A method of measuring the angle and mass of the counterweight for an unbalanced shaft with several circles - correction planes, which consists in measuring vibration on bearing bearings when installing test weights at different angles in different correction planes and measuring vibration velocities in bearing bearings, characterized in that the distances between the bearings are measured, measure the distance from the supports to the correction planes, then from the equilibrium equations calculate the counterbalance angle and the counterweight for each correction plane and.