RU223719U1 - PIN BEAM OF A THREE-AXLE TROLLEY OF A RAILWAY CAR - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model relates to the design of three-axle freight railway car bogies, in particular to the design of the pivot beam of a three-axle freight railway car bogie. A pivot beam of a three-axle bogie of a freight railway car, containing two longitudinal parts and one transverse part, forming an H-shaped casting, the transverse part contains a bearing place and special windows, each longitudinal part contains platforms for installing a side slide and end legs with jaws, while on the top and the lower chords of the longitudinal parts have holes and platforms for installing the locking device, located on the upper chord of the longitudinal part of the pivot beam, characterized in that the upper chord of the longitudinal part in the area from the outer end surface of the platform for installing the locking device to the edge of the upper chord is made with a smoothly varying of variable thickness, increasing in the direction from the edge of the upper chord to the outer end surface of the platform for installing the locking device. The technical result of the claimed utility model is to increase the reliability of the pivot beam of a three-axle bogie of a freight railway car. 1 salary f-ly.

Description

The utility model relates to the design of three-axle freight railway car bogies, in particular to the design of the pivot beam of a three-axle freight railway car bogie.

The design of a three-axle bogie is known from the prior art [patent SU 163201, IPC B61F, publ. 04/09/1965 Bulletin. No. 8] consisting of sidewalls, in the window of each of which there is a set of springs and a shock absorber for damping vibrations, bolsters, a pivot beam resting with its paws on the bolsters and connected to them, wheel pairs, removable balancers located on the axle boxes of the middle wheel pair and sidewalls connected to the trunks, and a brake lever transmission, while the end legs of the pivot beam, located on one side of it, form an acute angle with the longitudinal axis of the beam, and the end legs, located on the other side of the beam, form an obtuse angle with its longitudinal axis, with so that the support points of the diagonally located end legs on the bolster are at an equal distance from the longitudinal axis of the bogie.

The disadvantage of this design of the pivot beam of a triaxial bogie is its insufficient reliability.

Also known from the prior art is the design of the pivot beam of a three-axle bogie, disclosed on page 135 in the source “Loginov A.I., Afanaskin N.E. The cars are dump trucks. Moscow, "Mechanical Engineering", 1975." The pivot beam is made of a cast, box-section, spider-like (H-shaped) shape, containing two longitudinal parts and one transverse part, the transverse part contains a thrust bearing place and special windows through which the brake lever transmission rods pass, the longitudinal parts contain end legs designed to place bolsters and a platform for the slide between them, each longitudinal part consists of an upper chord, a lower chord and side walls, on the upper and lower chords of the longitudinal parts there are holes for attaching a pivot beam with bolsters, jaws designed to place bolsters between them beams and a platform for installing a locking device that serves to protect the car body from tipping over.

A technical disadvantage of this pivot beam of a three-axle bogie is low reliability caused by high mechanical stresses caused by non-optimal selection of geometric parameters of the longitudinal part of the pivot beam.

This design was chosen as a prototype for the proposed utility model.

The problem to be solved by the claimed utility model is the development of a pivot beam for a three-axle railway bogie of a freight car, which has adequate strength, reliability with its minimum permissible and sufficient weight.

The technical result of the claimed utility model is to increase the reliability of the pivot beam of a three-axle bogie of a freight railway car, obtained by selecting optimal values of the geometric parameters of the thickness of the upper chord of the longitudinal part of the pivot beam in the area from the outer edge of the end surface of the platform for installing the locking device to the edge of the upper chord of the longitudinal part of the pivot beam beams.

To achieve the technical result of increasing the reliability of the pivot beam of a three-axle bogie of a freight railway car, it is necessary to ensure a reduction in mechanical stress in highly loaded areas of the pivot beam. It is possible to achieve a reduction in mechanical stress by selecting the optimal sizes and shapes of these areas.

The problem is solved, and the stated technical result is achieved by the fact that the pivot beam of a three-axle bogie of a freight railway car, containing two longitudinal parts and one transverse part, forming an H-shaped casting, the transverse part contains a bearing place and special windows, each longitudinal part contains platforms for installation slider and end legs with jaws, while on the upper and lower chords of the longitudinal parts there are holes and platforms for installing the locking device located on the upper chord of the longitudinal part of the pivot beam, characterized in that the upper chord of the longitudinal part in the area from the outer end surface of the installation platform The locking device to the edge of the upper chord is made with a smoothly varying variable thickness, increasing in the direction from the edge of the upper chord to the outer end surface of the platform for installing the locking device.

The thickness A of the upper belt is made in the range from 18.4 to 21.6 mm, and the thickness B of the upper belt is made in the range from 33.2 to 36.8 mm.

The claimed utility model is illustrated with graphic material.

Fig. 1 – Three-axle trolley (side view);

Fig. 2 – Three-axle trolley (top view);

Fig. 3 – Pivot beam;

Fig. 4 – Part of the pivot beam in section;

Fig. 5 – Diagram of internal mechanical stresses in the pivot beam.

The three-axle bogie consists of four side frames 1, two bolsters 2, a pivot beam 3, three wheel pairs 4 on bearings (not indicated in the figures), four spring sets 5 with shock absorbers 6 to dampen vibrations, a brake linkage 7 and two removable balancers 8. The side frames 1, when assembled, form a trolley frame, which is designed as a fracture on the middle wheel pair, which allows the three-axle trolley to freely pass through humps and car dumpers.

The side frames 1 of the three-axle bogie rest on the axle boxes 10 of the outer wheel pairs 4 and the rocker arms of the balancers 8 of the middle wheel pair. The connection of the side frames 1 with the axle boxes of the 10 outer wheel pairs 4 is a jaw connection, providing the necessary mutual angular movement of the side frames and wheel pairs when fitting the cart into curved sections of the track of small radii, and, at the same time, limiting the transverse and longitudinal displacement of the side frame 1 relative to the body axle boxes. At the same time, limiting the lateral displacements is necessary to avoid overloading the outer bearing of the axle box assembly and the axle journal, since the side frame 1 rests directly on the axlebox 10. Limiting the longitudinal displacements is necessary to ensure parallelism of the axes of all wheel pairs, in order to improve the driving performance of the car and reduce forces interaction between the trolley and the railway track.

The connection of the side frame 1 with the rocker arm of the balancer 8 is carried out by a roller 11. The vertical load from the side frame 1 to the balancer 8 is transmitted through the liner 12 with an adjusting shim (not indicated in the drawings). Longitudinal loads from the side frame 1 to the balancer 8 are transmitted along the plane of the liner 12 due to friction forces and, partially, by the roller 11. The hole in the side frame 1 for installing the roller is made oval in order to prevent the transfer of vertical load from the side frame 1 to roller 11 and ensure mutual angular rotation of the side frame 1 and the balancer 8 in the vertical plane, necessary for the dump car to pass the hump humps.

The angular movements of the side frames 1 and the middle wheel pair 4 in the horizontal plane, when the car fits into curved sections of the track, are ensured due to the presence of longitudinal gaps between the roller 11 and the oval hole of the side frame 1.

The pivot beam 3 of the three-axle bogie of a freight railway car is made in the form of a casting, containing two longitudinal parts 3.1 and one transverse part 3.2, forming an H-shaped solid casting with a box section.

The transverse part 3.2 contains a bearing place 3.3, in the middle part there are special windows (not indicated in the figures) through which the brake lever transmission rods pass. On the longitudinal parts 3.1 of the pivot beam 3 there are end legs 3.4, designed to place bolsters 2 between them, a platform 3.6 for installing the slider and a platform 3.5 for installing the locking device, which serves to protect the car body from tipping over.

The bearing place 3.3 is made in the central part of the transverse part 3.2 with a diameter D with a shoulder 3.3.1 and a hole 3.3.2, and serves as a support for the bearing of the car frame.

To ensure the possibility of installing sliders on the trolley and fixing them, oval holes 3.6.1 are made on platforms 3.6.

The end legs 3.4 of the pivot beam 3 contain jaws (not indicated in the figures) intended for mating with bolsters 2, and on the upper and lower chords (not indicated in the figures) of the pivot beam 3 there are holes 9 for connecting bolts (not indicated in the figures).

The longitudinal parts 3.1 contain an upper chord 4.1, a lower chord 4.2 and side walls (not indicated in the figures). The transverse part 3.2 of the pivot beam 3 contains side walls (not indicated in the figures), upper (not indicated in the figures) and lower chords (not indicated in the figures).

The pivot beam 3 of the three-axle bogie is connected to the bolster 2 by means of a bracket (not indicated in the figures) and connecting bolts (not indicated in the figures).

The upper chord 4.1 of the longitudinal part 3.1 of the pivot beam 3 in section L from the outer end surface of the platform 3.5 to the edge of the upper chord 4.1 is made with a smoothly varying variable thickness, increasing in the direction from the edge of the upper chord 4.1 to the outer end surface of the platform 3.5.

The thickness A of the upper chord 4.1 of the pivot beam 3 is made in the range from 18.4 to 21.6 mm.

The thickness B of the upper chord 4.1 of the pivot beam 3 is made in the range from 33.2 to 36.8 mm.

An example of the implementation of the claimed utility model can be a pivot beam 3 of a three-axle bogie of a freight railway car, made in the form of a casting (for example, from steel grade 20GL according to GOST 32400), containing two longitudinal parts 3.1 and one transverse part 3.2, forming an H-shaped casting. The transverse part 3.2 contains a bearing place 3.3. The longitudinal parts 3.1 and the transverse part 3.2 of the pivot beam 3 contain side walls, upper and lower chords. On the longitudinal parts 3.1 of the pivot beam 3 there are end legs 3.4, designed to place bolsters 2 between them, a platform 3.6 for installing the side bearing and a platform 3.5 for installing the locking device. The upper chord 4.1 in section L from the outer end surface of the platform 3.5 to the edge of the upper chord of the pivot beam 3 of the triaxial bogie is made with a smoothly varying variable thickness, increasing in the direction from the edge of the upper chord 4.1 to the outer end surface of the platform 3.5 of the pivot beam 3. Thickness A of the upper chord 4.1 of the pivot beam 3 is made in the range from 18.4 to 21.6 mm. The thickness B of the upper chord 4.1 of the pivot beam 3 is made in the range from 33.2 to 36.8 mm.

A preferred embodiment may be the pivot beam 3 of a three-axle bogie of a freight railway car, made in the form of a casting (for example, from steel grade 20GL according to
GOST 32400), containing two longitudinal parts 3.1 and one transverse part 3.2, forming an H-shaped casting. The transverse part 3.2 contains a bearing place 3.3. The longitudinal parts 3.1 and the transverse part 3.2 of the pivot beam 3 contain side walls, upper and lower chords. On the longitudinal parts 3.1 of the pivot beam 3 there are end legs 3.4, designed to place bolsters 2 between them, a platform 3.6 for installing the side bearing and a platform 3.5 for installing the locking device. The upper chord 4.1 in the area from the outer end surface of the platform 3.5 to the edge of the upper chord 4.1 of the pivot beam 3 of the triaxial bogie is made with a smoothly varying variable thickness, increasing in the direction from the edge of the upper chord to the outer end surface of the platform 3.5 of the pivot beam 3. Thickness A of the upper chord 4.1 pivot beam 3 is 20 mm. The thickness B of the upper chord 4.1 of the pivot beam 3 is 35 mm.

Verification of the proposed thickness ranges A and B of the upper chord 4.1 of the pivot beam 3 was carried out according to the Mesis maximum stress criteria, based on the Mises-Hencky theory, according to which the plastic material begins to be damaged in places where the Mesis stress becomes equal to the ultimate stress. The permissible stresses for the pivot beam of a triaxial bogie made of steel grade 20GL according to GOST 32400 under design mode I are
255 MPa.

The result of the test of the inventive pivot beam of a triaxial bogie is presented in Fig. 5, from which it can be seen that the selected values of the thickness ranges A and B of the upper chord 4.1 of the pivot beam 3 do not lead to exceeding the permissible stress values occurring in the pivot beam.

An increase in the proposed parameters of the thicknesses A and B of the upper chord 4.1 of the pivot beam 3 will lead to an unreasonable increase in the mass of the pivot beam 3 as a whole, and a decrease in the thicknesses A and B of the upper chord 4.1 of the pivot beam 3 will lead to a decrease in the strength properties of the pivot beam 3 and an increase in stress concentrations in zone from the edge of the upper chord to the outer end surface of the platform 3.5 of the pivot beam 3.

When performing the upper chord 4.1 in the proposed pivot beam 3 for a three-axle freight car bogie with a thickness “A” in the range from 18.4 to 21.6 mm, and a thickness “B” in the size range from 33.2 to 36.8 mm, it is ensured reduction of mechanical stresses by at least 8%, with an increase in the mass of the pivot beam by 1.9% compared to the prototype.

If the thickness “A” of the upper chord is made less than 18.4 mm and less than 33.2 mm for the thickness “B”, the mechanical stresses will be higher than that of the prototype, while the mechanical stresses increase in section L from the edge of the upper chord to the outer end surfaces
platforms 3.5 of the pivot beam 3.

If the thickness “A” of the upper chord is made more than
21.6 mm and the thickness “B” is more than 36.8 mm, then the mechanical stresses will decrease by an insignificant amount of 3.3%, but the increase in mass is about 2.5%, which is significantly worse than when making the thickness “ A" in the range from 18.4 to 21.6 mm and thickness "B" in the range from 33.2 to 36.8 mm.

Thus, when performing the upper chord 4.1 in section L from the outer end surface of the platform 3.5 to the edge of the upper chord 4.1 made with a smoothly varying variable thickness, increasing in the direction from the edge of the upper chord 4.1 to the outer end surface of the platform 3.5 with a thickness “A” in the range from 18.4 to 21.6 mm and thickness “B” in the range from 33.2 to 36.8 mm, increases the reliability of the pivot beam 3 of the three-axle bogie of a freight car.

Currently, JSC Research and Production Corporation Uralvagonzavod has developed design documentation for the proposed utility model and conducted comprehensive tests.

Claims (1)

A pivot beam of a three-axle bogie of a freight railway car, containing two longitudinal parts and one transverse part, forming an H-shaped casting, the transverse part contains a bearing place and windows, each longitudinal part contains platforms for installing a side slide and end legs with jaws, while on the upper and in the lower chords of the longitudinal parts there are holes and platforms for installing the locking device, located on the upper chord of the longitudinal part of the pivot beam, characterized in that the upper chord of the longitudinal part in the area from the outer end surface of the platform for installing the locking device to the edge of the upper chord is made with a smoothly varying variable thickness, increasing in the direction from the edge of the upper chord to the outer end surface of the platform for installing the locking device, while the thickness A of the upper chord is made in the range from 18.4 to 21.6 mm, and the thickness B of the upper chord is made in the range from 33.2 up to 36.8 mm.