RU2236302C2 - Retreating lock - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: concentration of minerals; gravitational concentration of auriferous placers.

SUBSTANCE: proposed lock includes loading and unloading devices and body with bottom consisting of two planes in form of chutes at angle smoothly decreasing from loading device to loading one. Chute is inclined at angle relative to level and is provided with system of partitions located at angle relative to horizontal axis of chute. Partitions form longitudinal compartments together with plates which are mounted in parallel relative to axis. Each partition is provided with aperture above bottom. Section of this aperture decreases with motion of mineral mass towards unloading device (from one partition to another); control is effected by means of gate. For control of water condition, additional water supply units are mounted.

EFFECT: enhanced efficiency of separation.

3 dwg

Description

The invention relates to the field of mineral processing, in particular to gravitational enrichment of gold placers.

Gravity enrichment devices are known, for example, the Mosley analyzer, in which the process of separation of particles with different densities takes place in inclined troughs. To increase the efficiency of the process, the chute is given oscillatory movements by means of a crank mechanism, and longitudinal shaking is achieved by a hammer device with a cam drive, guides on rolling bearings and a system of return springs [1].

The disadvantage of this analyzer is the complex kinematics of the drive of oscillatory and longitudinal movements, which requires constant care and adjustment.

Known gravity angle concentrator (GUK) [2], which is a system of sequentially working traditional flushing locks (modules) installed at an angle to each other. In this case, the conjugation angle of the vertical elements and the planes of the device, the ratio of the length, height and width of the individual modules is determined by the particle size distribution of the slurry. The structural elements of the HUA ensure the creation of stable turbulent flows, which contribute to improving the capture of grains of a heavy component by a moving bed.

The disadvantage of the gravitational angular concentrator is, inherent in all traditional flushing locks, the need to frequently stop the flushing process for shooting metal.

Closest to the proposed invention is a gateway for enrichment of placers, having a body with a bottom made of two planes in the form of a gutter, a loading device, flow guides located in the upper part of the body, and two parallel plates installed with a gap relative to the bottom [3]. The gateway works as follows: gold-containing sands with water are fed through the loading device to the normal bottom in its axial part. Guides form a flow and direct it between parallel plates. As the pulp moves along the lock, the heavier fraction precipitates and is cut off from the flow at the lock end.

The disadvantage of this airlock is the relatively low diffusion rate of small and finely divided heavy minerals into the bottom moving mineral bed, which leads to their demolition into the tail product.

The elimination of the disadvantage of this gateway in order to increase the extraction of fine and finely dispersed particles of valuable components and ensure the continuity of the process can be achieved in the proposed design of the gateway for the enrichment of placers having a loading and unloading device, a body with a bottom made of two planes in the form of a gutter, with an angle gradually decreasing from the loading unit to the unloading unit. The gutter is equipped with a system of partitions located at an angle to the longitudinal axis of the gutter, forming longitudinal compartments with plates mounted parallel to the axis, with each partition having an opening above the bottom of the gutter, the cross section of which decreases as the mineral mixture moves to the unloading unit (from one partition to another ) with the possibility of regulation using a gate, and to regulate the water regime above the gutter, additional water supply units are installed.

Comparative analysis with the design of flushing devices adopted as analogues shows that, in the proposed embodiment, due to the proposed design of the gateway, the nature of the movement of material flows changes, the system of partitions promotes the formation of a zigzag motion of the hydromineral mixture, where stable turbulent flows are formed, allowing to ensure a loose state of the bed at the bottom of the gutter, but at the same time, the partitions distribute the pulp into two parts: one with a useful component of the displacement runs along the bottom of the gutter due to the presence of openings in the partitions with a gradually decreasing cross-sectional area from one partition to another to the unloading unit, the other, passing along the partition and reaching the cutoff of the cutter (the apex of the angle formed by the beginning of the next partition and a vertical plate parallel to the axis of the gutter) splits into two streams: one carries light fractions along the outer wall of the plate into the tail removal compartment, and the other rolls along the wall of the next partition, dragging the heavy fraction along with it, over This loosens the settled material moving along the axis of the trench, picks up and moves light particles to the next compartment, where the cleaning process is repeated.

Thanks to this design, the gateway is uninterrupted during continuous unloading of concentrates and tailings. At the same time, there are no moving mechanisms in the design, and the bed is washed and loosened due to the zigzag movement of the separated slurry, which undoubtedly enhances the separation efficiency. Therefore, the present invention meets the criterion of "novelty."

In the well-known gateway, selected as a prototype, enrichment occurs with pulp flows close to the laminar flow, for which purpose special flow dampers are installed in the design. In the proposed embodiment, the separation efficiency is achieved due to the continuous maintenance of transverse turbulent flows in the working zone and constant, due to this, loosening of the moving mineral bed, thereby achieving a high degree of capture of useful components. All this allows us to talk about the necessary inventive step of the invention.

The invention is illustrated by drawings. Figure 1 shows a General view of the gateway. Figure 2 shows the latching gateway in the plan. Figure 3 shows the partition with a regulating device.

The gateway for enrichment (Fig. 1) consists of loading 1 and unloading 2 nodes, a housing with vertical sides and a bottom 3, partitions 4, a regulating device 5, walls 6, an additional water supply unit 7 and a frame 8. The bottom is made of two plates, mounted at an angle to each other. In this case, from the loading zone to the unloading zone, the internal angle of the plates smoothly changes from 120 to 100 °. Partitions 4 are installed at an angle of 45 ° to the axis of the lock, forming separate flushing compartments. Each compartment has a vertical wall 6 for removal of light fractions. Partitions above the center line of the lock have an adjustable opening for unhindered passage of heavy minerals from one compartment to another. The openings of the partitions decrease as they move toward the unloading zone, and their size is regulated by device 5 depending on the material composition of the starting material. Node 7 serves to supply additional water to the compartments for diluting the pulp to obtain the necessary flow pressure. The gateway housing is mounted on the frame 8 and is inclined to the horizon at an angle, which can vary from 3 to 8 °.

The gateway operates as follows. Gold-containing sands with water are fed through the loading unit to the upper part of the lock. Heavy minerals and part of the sand pass through the opening between the partition and the bottom into the first compartment, the rest of the pulp, passing along the partition and reaching the cutoff cutter (the apex of the angle formed by the beginning of the next partition and a vertical plate installed parallel to the axis of the gutter), splits into two streams : one carries light fractions along the outer wall of the plate into the tail removal compartment, and the other rolls along the wall of the next partition, dragging the heavy fraction along with it, loosens the os passes the obligation material picks up and moves the lighter particles to the next compartment, where recleaning process is repeated, and the number depends on the number recleanings compartments. The enriched material enters the discharge unit, and the tails obtained from the tail compartments are sent to the dump.

A necessary condition for the effective operation of the gateway is the constant maintenance in each compartment of a sufficient amount of the liquid phase of the pulp to create the necessary flow rate, especially for the last compartments. For this purpose, nodes for supplying additional water are installed above them.

Sources of information

1. R.O. Burt. Gravity enrichment technology. M.: Nedra, 1990 .-- P.17.

2. B.P. Sadkovsky. Gravity angle concentrator.

3. RU No. 2130807. Gateway for placer enrichment.

Claims (1)

A gateway for placer enrichment, having a loading and unloading device, a body with a bottom made of two planes in the form of a gutter, with an angle gradually decreasing from the loading unit to unloading and inclined at an angle to the horizontal, characterized in that the gutter is equipped with a system of partitions located at an angle to the longitudinal axis of the gutter, forming longitudinal compartments with plates mounted parallel to the axis, with each partition having an opening above the bottom of the gutter, the cross section of which decreases as the mineral mixtures to the unloading unit (from one partition to another) with the possibility of regulation by means of a gate, and to regulate the water regime above the gutter, additional water supply units are installed.

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