RU2234224C2 - Dry food mixture "talgan" - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: food-processing industry.

SUBSTANCE: dry food mixture contains preliminarily ground cereal base and additive of raw plant material. Cereal base used is preliminarily fried and ground wheat grain. Additive of raw plant material comprises deviating peony root, bugbane root, sweet sedge root, thyme, erianthous flowers, pyrola, bearberry, clusterberry, haw fruit, and buckbean. Prior to use, raw plant material is subjected to drying process until moisture content is less than 6% and to grinding process to provide particle size below 0.5 mm. All components are used in predetermined ratio.

EFFECT: increased biological activity, improved antioxidant and radiation protecting effect.

1 dwg, 1 tbl, 16 ex

Description

The invention relates to the food industry, namely, to obtain a dry nutrient mixture with increased biological activity (value), with pronounced antioxidant and radioprotective properties for health purposes and the overall strengthening of the human body.

The national Khakass product Talgan is known, which has been eaten since ancient times as bread, as nutritious, tasty food that gives strength to a weakened body. “Talgan” is a favorite dish of children and adults. Fried and crushed wheat grains are added to milk, or ayran, or whey, eaten with melted butter, jam, honey.

A number of cereal-based foods are also known.

Known food and feed product with a high content of ballast substances, containing bran of cereals and a whole wheat germ, taken in the native state (RF Patent No. 2157644, IPC A 23 L 1/10, A 23 K 1/14, 2000)

The disadvantages include a rather lengthy heat treatment of the product, which partially destroys the vitamin complex; the solid structure of the finished product (which is not desirable for people with gastrointestinal diseases, inflammatory processes in the oral cavity and stomach, for the elderly).

Known powder protein-fat product containing protein products from wheat bran and legumes, a mixture of salomas M and vegetable oils (sunflower, palm, Kuban and soybean), balanced amino acid and fatty acid composition (RF Patent No. 2159555, IPC A 23 J 1 / 12, A 23 D 9/00, A 23 L 1/10, 1/20, 1999).

The closest is a method of obtaining a dry nutrient mixture, including washing, heat treatment, grinding the grain base. Then, introducing into the fried grain base from oat, or pearl barley, or rice cereal, wheat bran and shoots of Kuril shrub tea, the latter being pre-dried to a moisture content of not more than 8% and crushed to sizes half the size of the grain base grains. When using the mixture, pour boiled water in a ratio of 1: 4-1: 6 to obtain porridge (RU No. 2156084, 09/20/2000).

However, the product obtained by this method has insufficiently high organoleptic (taste, color, smell, appearance, narrow range of products) indicators, low and not so wide range of therapeutic and prophylactic properties.

The objective of the invention is to obtain a food product with increased biological activity, with pronounced prophylactic and dietary properties for the digestive, genitourinary, cardiovascular, nervous, immune systems and the whole organism as a whole, with pronounced antioxidant and radioprotective properties, with the possibility of use in children's nutrition and adults as a food additive to dairy, sour-milk, confectionery and bakery products.

The technical solution to the problem of the claimed invention is to obtain a dry product based on native (whole) wheat grain with the addition of a dry composition of medicinal plants.

At the same time, a technical result is achieved, which consists in increasing the content of dietary fiber and biologically active substances in a dry product: vitamins, flavonoids, saponins, tannins, amino acids, free organic acids, essential oils, minerals that contribute to the prevention of gastrointestinal diseases, cardiovascular, genitourinary and nervous systems, diabetes mellitus, the overall strengthening of human health.

In the nutrient mixture, including pre-crushed grain base and additives from plant materials, pre-fried and crushed wheat grain is used as a grain base, and roots of evading peony, black cohosh roots, calamus roots, thyme, and uterus are used as an additive from plant materials. woolly carapace, wintergreen, bearberry, lingonberry, hawthorn fruit, three-leaved watch, dried to a moisture content of not more than 6% and crushed to a particle size of not more than 0.5 mm, in the following ratio nents, wt.%:

Peony roots evasive 0.98-1.4

Black Cohosh Roots 0.7-1.0

Calamus roots 0.35-0.5

Hawthorn fruits 1.05-1.5

Thyme 0.56-0.8

Wool panzeria 0.7-1.0

Three-leaved watch 0.28-0.4

Lingonberry 0.7-1.0

Bearberry 0.56-0.8

Grushanka 0.28-0.4

Pine uterus 0.35-0.5

Grain base Else

Additional techniques and ingredients of the composition are of a secondary nature and only complement the originally achieved technical result.

Get a product with a high content of biologically active substances through the use of whole wheat grain with preserved shells, which contain the largest part of vitamins, mineral elements and fiber. The composition is illustrated by the drawing, where 1 is the fruit shell (fiber, pentosans, mineral salts, hemicellulose), 2 is the seed coat (pigments, mineral elements, fiber), 3 is the aleuron layer (proteins, carbohydrates, fiber, mineral elements, sugars, lipids , vitamins), 4 - the germ - the organ of accumulation of all biologically important substances for grain germination: proteins, enzymes, fats, mineral elements, sugars, vitamins, 5 - endosperm - 80% of the whole kernel - proteins, carbohydrates, vitamin B, lipids.

The use of wheat grain in nutrition contributes to providing the body with essential amino acids, micro and macro elements (Na, K, Ca, Mg, F, Fe, Cu, Zn, Mn), vitamins (B ₁ , B ₂ , B ₆ , PP, E, carotene), fiber, well-digestible carbohydrates (starch, monosaccharides). Due to the use of whole wheat grain for grinding, with the shell, and not wheat grits, the product retains all the valuable components of the shells of the grain and the germ, which increases the nutritional and energy value of the product.

A decrease in dietary fiber is the cause of a number of diseases of the cardiovascular and digestive systems, and metabolic disorders of the body.

Being a good sorbent, fiber is involved in the elimination of toxic metabolites, poisonous and radioactive substances from the body, interacts with bile acids, preventing their recirculation in the digestive tract, lowering blood cholesterol, increasing the effect of therapeutic measures for obesity and cardiovascular diseases. Fiber, irritating the mechanoreceptors embedded in the walls of the gastrointestinal tract, affects the motor and secretory activity of the digestive system, it is recommended for the treatment and prevention of chronic constipation, atherosclerosis, hypertension, hemorrhoids, diabetes mellitus, cholelithiasis.

Plants contain a large number of substances that make up the physiological antioxidant system. Antioxidants are compounds that completely or partially prevent the oxidation of substances by molecular oxygen. Of paramount importance among them are flavonoids. Their most important property is participation in redox reactions, with the transition from hydroxy to oxy form. Due to this ability, almost all compounds of the phenolic complex of plants have a pronounced antioxidant activity. The use of powders from wild herbs or extracts as antioxidant additives in food products is based on this property.

Some essential oils of plants have bactericidal, antimicrobial properties, enhance the regeneration of damaged tissues, activate the body's immune systems and its resistance.

The roots of the evading peony contain tannins of the galloyl group (8.8%), tannins, free organic acids (up to 2.1%) - benzoic, salicylic, gallic, essential oils up to 1.6% (peonol, methyl salicylate, benzenedehyde, carvacrol) , saponins, flavonoids, sugars (up to 10%), starch 79.5%, vitamin C, concentrates Cu, Zn, Ba, Se, Sr. Roots are used in the treatment of peptic ulcer of the stomach and duodenum, gastritis, diarrhea, bleeding, diabetes, atherosclerosis, as an antidote for poisoning.

It has been established that the roots of the evading peony act as a sedative for neurasthenia, insomnia, and vegetovascular disorders, and does not significantly affect pressure, respiration, and other body functions.

Many different trace elements were found in the root, especially chromium and strontium, which is why the plant is also used as an antitumor agent. Essential oils, tannins, free benzoic, salicylic and gallic acids contained in the root give it strong protistonicidal and bactericidal properties, which allows it to be used in diseases caused by pathogenic microbes (dysentery).

The roots of the peony evasion are taken as a means of increasing appetite and improving digestion, soothing and analgesic, antipyretic. Peony preparations do not give side effects. The complex of zinc and copper contained in the roots increases the body's defenses.

Hawthorn fruits contain carbohydrates, organic acids (1.87-4.2%), triterpenoids, flavonoids (up to 3%), vitamin C (25-375 mg%), carotene (2-11 to 30 mg%), choline , essential oil, catechins, anthocyanins, leukoanthacyanidins, fats. The fruits are officially used for atherosclerosis, hypertension, cardio- and angioneurosis, atrial fibrillation, in the menopause, have a sedative, cardiotonic, hypotensive and diuretic effect, as a means of stimulating metabolism in diseases of the gastrointestinal tract, in diseases and diseases of the esophagus.

Thyme has an expectorant, anti-inflammatory, sedative, anticonvulsant, analgesic, wound healing effect. The main component of thyme is the essential oil - thymol, the presence of which gives it a bactericidal and disinfecting effect. The Greeks appreciated the ability of thyme to calm and strengthen the nervous system. The leaves contain essential oil (0.1-1%) containing phenols (more than 1%); thymol, carvacrol, cimol; resins, tannins, bitterness, organic acids, flavonoids, gum, vitamin C (54.5 mg%), carotene, mineral salts. (Edible medicinal plants, p.307: Reference book. Rostov on the Don: Rostov University Press, 1994. - 448 p.)

The woolly panzeria in biological activity is not inferior to motherwort and significantly exceeds the Scutellaria baicalensis. It has a sedative, vasodilating, calming effect. It is used for nervous, cardiovascular diseases, atherosclerosis, heart defects, hypertension, heart muscle diseases. Due to the expansion of the renal vessels, diuresis increases, toxic substances are excreted faster from the body, and overall health improves. (Bulletin of Health, 2002, No. 9, p.16-17).

The uterus contains tannins, arbutin, hydroquinone, ascorbic acid, flavonoids, organic acids, vitamin C, trace elements (iron, copper, zinc, manganese, titanium). In general, this whole complex of bioactive substances strengthens the walls of the capillaries, reduces inflammation, fights viruses, bacteria and fungi, neutralizes carcinogens, reduces the risk of cataracts in people with diabetes, and heals ulcers. Pine uterine preparations have a strong anti-inflammatory, disinfectant and diuretic effect in diseases of the kidneys and urinary tract - cystitis, nephritis, pyelonephritis. (Herald of Health, p.20).

Swamp air is part of a number of drugs and gastric collection used for peptic ulcer of the stomach and duodenum, with hyperacid gastritis, increasing the reaction to taste irritation and enhancing the secretion of gastric juice. It is also used as a tonic for oppression of the central nervous system, with anemia, diarrhea, diseases of the gall bladder, kidneys.

With increased acidity with severe heartburn and pain in the epigastric region, air is recommended as an antacid in the form of infusion or powder (4-5 times a day at the tip of a knife).

Dried rhizomes of calamus have a strong pleasant smell, tart and spicy taste. Used as a spice instead of bay leaf, ginger and cinnamon. From the inner whitish leaf rosette or rhizomes, jam is jammed or candied. Rhizomes contain essential oil (4 to 7%), bitter glycoside ascorin, tannins, resins, vitamin C (150 mg%), starch, mucus, gum, iodine (1.2-1.9 mg%).

Black cohosh - buttercup families, rhizomes and roots contain: tannins (astringent, bactericidal, anti-inflammatory), saponins (P-vitamin activity, antimicrobial, bactericidal, choleretic, hypocholesterolemic; contribute to the removal of radioactive substances from the body); resins (bactericidal, antiseptic effect); alkaloid cimicifugine (hypotensive effect, normalizes blood pressure, lowers high); triterpene compounds - (cymicylene) - cycloartan triterpene; chromones - (visnagin, norvisignagine, visminol); steroids (sitosterol); phenolcarboxylic acids (caffeic, isoferulic, salicylic); leaves (tsimitsifol) - antioxidant activity, lipid-lowering; roots - (Europe) blood purifying, diaphoretic, antidote, restorative, anti-febrile.

Bearberry leaves contain: 8-16% - arbutin, methylarbutin, free hydroquinone, 30-35% tannins of the pyrogallic group, gallic (6%), ellagic, quinic, formic, ursolic acid, ellagotanin, gallotanin, coloring matter, essential oil , hyperoside, quercetin, isocvercetin, vitamin C. It has a diuretic, astringent and bactericidal effect, it is used to treat diseases of the kidneys and urinary tract. Most often, bearberry leaves are used for cystitis. They are part of the diuretic collection.

Example. Prepare the composition of the dry nutritional mixture "Talgan". The pre-washed grain is fried to a golden color and a characteristic smell of fried grain, then the grain is crushed and additives from vegetable raw materials are introduced into it: the roots of the peony evading 0.98 wt.%, The roots of black cohosh 0.7 wt.%, The roots of calamus 0.35 wt. wt.%, hawthorn fruit 1.05 wt.%, thyme 0.56 wt.%, woolly panzeria 0.7 wt.%, three-leaved watch 0.28 wt.%, lingonberry 0.7 wt.%, bearberry 0.56 wt.%, grushanka 0.28 wt.%, pine forest uterus 0.35 wt.%, grain basis - the rest.

The finished product “Talgan Dry Nutrient Mixture” is a fried and crushed wheat grain with the addition of a composition of medicinal plants, the mixture has the aroma of fried grains, friable consistency, sand color. The proposed dry nutritional mixture “Talgan” components are in the following proportions, wt.%:

Methods of using the proposed dry nutritional mixture "Talgan"

When Talgan is added to food, the following formulations are possible: a) in fermented milk products; b) in confectionery; c) in bakery products; g) in drinks.

Examples:

1. Dry mix 68%

Butter 32%

2. The dry mixture of 30-45%

Milk Else

3. The dry mixture is 25-30%

Kefir (ayran, koumiss) The rest

4. The dry mixture of 30-45%

Serum Else

5. The dry mixture is 15-23%

Yogurt Else

6. Dry mix 5-10%

Curd 70-75%

Sugar 3-5%

Sour cream 10-12%

(Raisins, nuts, honey) Else

In addition, flavoring additives are possible: salt, sugar, cocoa powder, vanillin, fruits, berries, candied fruits, nuts, etc.).

7. Dry mix 25-30%

Kvass Else

8. Dry mix 20-45%

Whipped Cream 75-40%

Sugar 5-6%

9. Cookies

Wheat flour 120

Vegetable fat 350

Sugar 250

Dry mix Else

Egg products 120

Salt 3-5

Sodium Bicarbonate 5

Dairy products 50

10. Ice cream (ice cream, creme brulee, creamy) 75–85

Dry mix Else

11. Wheat rye bread,

rye-wheat (5-15% by weight of flour)

12. Baking, rolls, puffs, etc. 5-15% by weight of flour

13. Filling for sweets

a) Dry mix Else

Confectionery fat 50

Sugar 15

Walnut 15

Jam or jam fruit and berry

b) Dry mix Else

Confectionery fat 50

Lemon Zest 10

Sugar 20

14. Pasta for sandwiches

Dry mix Else

Butter 50

Walnut (or hazelnuts, peanuts) 10-15

Raisins (or dates) 18-15

15. Waffle filling

Dry mix Else

Confectionery fat 50

Sugar 20

Cocoa Powder 3-5

16. Candies (such as “Burenka”, “Start”)

Condensed milk 70

Butter 5

Sugar 5

Dry mix 6

Crushed walnut 14

(or poppy, or sesame)

Adding a dry nutrient mixture to food products increases the value of confectionery, dairy products by enriching them with dietary fiber, valuable amino acids, vitamins, flavonoids, essential oils, minerals (for example, for cookies, gingerbread, fiber content increases by 25-40 g, for ice cream - by 10-18 g, their cost is reduced (because 1 kg of sugar - 16.5 rubles, and 1 kg of dry mix - 5.7 rubles).

Due to the low energy value, the proposed food composition is recommended for partial replacement of sugar, sand, flour, nuts in confectioneries, bakery products, ice cream and other food products.

The proposed dry nutrient mixture has a friable, fine-grained structure, easily interacts with viscous and liquid components, is evenly distributed in the formulation mass and contributes to its faster structure formation. And in products such as yogurt, kefir, fermented baked milk, the mixture is evenly distributed throughout the volume and stabilizes the mass. All this leads to improved product quality.

The change in the physico-chemical properties of the main components of the grain raw materials (carbohydrates, proteins) during heat treatment by the proposed method is accompanied by an increase in their hydration ability. This allows you to use the proposed food composition as a moisture stabilizer in confectionery (wafer fillings, sweets).

The dry nutrient mixture is characterized in that in the production of ice cream with a filler, its amount is 5.0-15 wt.%, In the production of yogurt its amount is 15-30%, in the production of fermented milk drinks based on kefir, its amount is 10-15 wt. %; in the manufacture of confectionery products, its amount is 2-50 wt.%; in the production of bakery products - 3-10 wt.%

The dry nutrient mixture can be used in public catering as a food supplement, enriching dishes with biologically active substances, improving taste (smell, aroma, appearance, texture), giving the smell of freshly baked bread with a touch of roasted nuts; in the preparation of soups, cereals, casseroles, mousses, puddings, desserts, cottage cheese dishes (cottage cheese with milk, curd masses with raisins, nuts, berries, cottage cheese pancakes with carrots, curd bars, curd cream, etc., whipped cream, milk and cream soft drinks, cocktails (milk chocolate, milk coffee, milk berry, milk fruit with ice cream). It is recommended to replace part of the flour in puff pastry, shortcrust pastry with the proposed dry nutrient mixture as a source of microelements, macroelements, phytohormones, vegetable x lipids, edible organic acids, essential oils, vitamins, flavonoids, saponins, fiber.

Claims (1)

A dry nutritional mixture, including pre-crushed grain base and additives from raw materials of plant origin, characterized in that pre-roasted and ground grain of wheat is used as a grain base, and roots of peony evading, black cohosh roots, roots of calamus are used as an additive from plant materials thyme, woolly carapace, wintergreen, bearberry, lingonberry, hawthorn fruits, three-leaved watch, pine forest, dried to a moisture content of not more than 6% and crushed to a particle size not more than 0.5 mm in the following ratio of components, wt.%: Peony roots evasive 0.98-1.4 Black Cohosh Roots 0.7-1.0 Calamus roots 0.35-0.5 Hawthorn fruits 1.05-1.5 Thyme 0.56-0.58 Wool panzeria 0.7-1.0 Three-leaved watch 0.28-0.4 Lingonberry 0.7-1.0 Bearberry 0.56-0.8 Grushanka 0.28-0.4 Pine uterus 0.35-0.5 Grain base Else