RU2233686C2 - Field for playing with ball - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: sports.

SUBSTANCE: width of goal is determined on the basis of probable length of goalkeeper's jump from formula: L_g=L_p+L_d, m.

EFFECT: increased effectiveness.

2 cl, 4 dwg

Description

The invention relates to sports games and can be used for playing ball feet in large rectangular-shaped fields, both with natural and artificial turf (in the halls).

The playing field for kicking the ball, with the division of players into two teams, including field players and a goalkeeper, containing a rectangular area with a goal placed on the axis of symmetry of the playing field on its most distant sides, divided by a central line into equal areas, equipped with zones of a special game mode, some of which are adjacent to the goal, and others to the center line (see. Futsal game rules / Transl. from Spanish V.V. Sveshnikova. - M .: IPO ″ Pilgrim ″, 1992. - 40 p. )

The disadvantage of this solution is that the field is suitable for spaces of limited size, preferably enclosed spaces, and cannot be used for playing on large-sized playgrounds used for playing soccer.

There is also known a playing field for a ball game that allows the ball to move directly across the field, with the players divided into two teams including field players and a goalkeeper, containing a rectangular area with a goal located on the symmetry axis of the playing field on its most distant sides, equipped zones of a special game mode, divided by a central line into equal areas (see Rules of the game of football and a universal guide for referees / Transl. from English. A.P. Kadetov. - M.: Preiskurantizdat, 1991, 64 p.).

The disadvantage of this solution is the low level of scoring opportunities, due to the fact that the defense capabilities exceed the capabilities of the attack, and therefore the low intensity of the existing ball game with the feet (football) and insufficient entertainment.

The task to which the stated solution is directed is to increase the level of scoring opportunities.

The technical result obtained by solving the problem is expressed in providing the possibility of introducing new game rules that contribute to the intensification of the game, by equalizing the possibilities of attack and defense and, on this basis, increasing the entertainment of the game.

The problem is solved in that the playing field for the ball game, allowing the movement of the ball directly across the field, with the division of players into two teams, including field players and the goalkeeper, containing a rectangular area with a goal placed on the axis of symmetry of the playing field at its most distant friend apart from each other, provided with zones of a special game mode, divided by a central line into equal areas, characterized in that the game is carried out by feet, while the goalkeeper, free kick and eytralnaya zone, thus, define the possible width of the gate length of the jump shot, according to the formula

L _b = L _p + L _d , m

, м; К_b - коэффициент, учитывающий условия прыжка; Кα=sin2α, α - оптимальный угол прыжка вратаря, град., V_br - максимальная начальная скорость прыжка вратаря, м/с, L_d=Н_br+Δ+2d_m, м, Н_br - средняя длина тела вратаря с учетом вытянутых рук, м; Δ - пространство, занятое в воротах телом вратаря, м, d_m - диаметр мяча, м;Where

, m; To _b - coefficient taking into account the conditions of the jump; Kα = sin2α, α - optimal goalkeeper jump angle, deg., V _br - maximum initial goalkeeper jump speed, m / s, L _d = Н _br + Δ + 2d _m , m, Н _br - average goalkeeper body length, taking into account elongated hands, m; Δ is the space occupied at the goal by the goalkeeper body, m, d _m is the diameter of the ball, m;

the goal height is determined by the maximum possible goalkeeper jump height at an optimal angle, according to the formula

H _b = N _p + H _d , m,

, м; H_d=Kα₁H_br+d_m, м, Кα₁=sinα;Where

, m; H _d = Kα ₁ H _br + d _m , m, Kα ₁ = sinα;

moreover, as the border of the goalkeeper zone, take a line whose points are equally distant from the nearest points located on the goal line, to a distance determined by the formula from the condition that the ball’s flight is equal from the border of the goalkeeper zone to the goal points and time most distant from the goalkeeper goalkeeper jumping for the ball:

R _zv = L _p V _m / (V _br Kβ), m

where Kβ = cosβ, L _p = L _b -H _br -Δ-2d _m , m, β is the optimal angle of the goalie's jump into the lower corner of the goal, deg., V _m is the flight speed of the ball exactly sent to the goal, m / s ;

moreover, as the line of the free kick zone, take a line whose points are equally distant from the nearest points located on the border of the goalkeeper zone, to a distance determined by the formula

R _s = K _b Kγ ₂ TV _m , m;

, Н₃=2Н_r+d_m, м, Н_r - средний рост игроков, м, Kν=V_mKγ₁, Kγ₁=sinγ, γ - угол точного посыла мяча в верхний угол ворот, град.;where Кγ ₂ = cosγ,

, Н ₃ = 2Н _r + d _m , m, Н _r - the average height of the players, m, Kν = V _m Kγ ₁ , Kγ ₁ = sinγ, γ - the angle of the exact sending of the ball to the upper corner of the goal, deg .;

in addition, the distance from the center line of the playing field to the borders of the neutral zone is equal to the distance from the border of the goalkeeper zone to the nearest point on the goal line, while the width of the playing field is determined by the formula

a = 2 [(R _zv + L _b / 2) + R _s + х], m,

where x is the minimum distance that excludes the intersection of the free kick line and the side borders of the playing field, and the length of the playing field is taken to be equal to twice its width.

A comparative analysis of the features of the claimed solution with the features of the prototype and analogues indicates the conformity of the claimed solution to the criterion of "novelty."

The features of the distinguishing part of the claims provide the ability to perform the actions of players during the game (passing the ball, receiving the ball, goal attack, goal protection, etc.) taking into account the physical capabilities of the human body. At the same time, ″ attack ″ and ″ defense ″ are two completely equal phases of the game in which ″ attack ″ has no advantage other than the natural advantage of conducting attacking actions. In addition, in games with a goalkeeper, the dimensions of the goal provide the technical possibility of their protection.

Figure 1 shows a diagram ″ cutting ″ of the playing field; figure 2 shows the zone of defense and attack of one (left in the drawing) team; Figures 3 and 4 show Offside positions for the attacker and defender, respectively.

The drawings show the boundaries 1 of the playing field 2, divided by the center line 3 into equal areas, within which the border 4 of the neutral zone 5, border 6 of the goalkeeper zone 7, border 8 of the free kick zone 9, goal line 10 are highlighted.

The width of the gate 10 is determined by the possible length of the goalkeeper's jump according to the formula

L _b = L _p + L _d , m

, м; К_b - коэффициент, учитывающий условия прыжка, величина обратная величине ускорения свободного падения; Кα=sin2α, α - оптимальный угол прыжка вратаря, град.; V_br – максимальная начальная скорость прыжка вратаря, м/с; L_d=Н_br+Δ+2d_m, м; Δ - пространство, занятое в воротах телом вратаря, м; d_m - диаметр мяча, м; Н_br - средняя длина тела вратаря с учетом вытянутых рук, м.Where

, m; To _b - coefficient taking into account the conditions of the jump, the reciprocal of the value of the acceleration of gravity; Kα = sin2α, α is the optimal goalkeeper jump angle, deg .; V _br - maximum initial goalkeeper jump speed, m / s; L _d = H _br + Δ + 2d _m , m; Δ is the space occupied at the goal by the body of the goalkeeper, m; d _m is the diameter of the ball, m; N _br - the average length of the goalkeeper's body, taking into account outstretched arms, m.

The height of the goal 10 is determined by the maximum possible height of the goalkeeper's jump at an optimal angle, according to the formula

H _b = H _p + H _d , m,

, м; H_d=Kα₁H_br+d_m, м; Kα₁=sinα.Where

, m; H _d = Kα ₁ H _br + d _m , m; Kα ₁ = sinα.

As the border 6 of the goalkeeper zone 7, take a line whose points are equally distant from the nearest points located on the goal line 10, to a distance determined by the formula from the condition that the ball’s flight is equal from the border 6 of the goalkeeper zone 7 to the points farthest from the goalkeeper Goal 10 and goalkeeper jump time for the ball

R _zv = L _p V _m / (V _br Kβ), m

where Kβ = cosβ; L _p = L _b —H _br —Δ-2d _m , m; β is the optimal angle of the goalkeeper's jump into the lower corner of the goal, deg .; V _m - the flight speed of the ball exactly sent to the target, m / s.

As the border 8 of the free kick zone 9 take a line whose points are equally distant from the nearest points located on the border 6 of the goalkeeper zone 7, at a distance determined by the formula

R _s = K _b -Kγ ₂ TV _m , m

; H₃=2H_r+d_m, м; H_r - средний рост игроков, м; Kν=V_mKγ₁; Kγ₁=sinγ; γ - угол точного посыла мяча в верхний угол ворот, град.where Kγ ₂ = cosγ;

; H ₃ = 2H _r + d _m , m; H _r - average height of players, m; Kν = V _m Kγ ₁ ; Kγ ₁ = sinγ; γ - the angle of the exact sending of the ball to the upper corner of the goal, deg.

The distance from the center line 3 of the playing field to the borders 4 of the neutral zone 5 is equal to the distance from the border 6 of the goalkeeper zone 7 to the nearest point on goal line 10.

The border 4 of the neutral zone 5 is farthest from the goal line and the line passing through the border 1 of the playing field (located on the goal line 10) and the border 6 of the goalkeeper zone define the protection zones of 11 teams, i.e. the defense zone of each team is a section from the line of its goal to the center line, plus the distance from the latter to the border 4 of the neutral zone located on the opponent's court (minus the area of the goalkeeper zone). The line of defense of each team is separated from the center line towards the opponent’s goal by an amount equal to R _n = R _zv + L _b / 2 (FIG. 2). Moreover, the attack zone 12 for one team corresponds to the defense zone 11 of the second team.

The width of the playing field 2 is determined by the formula

a = 2 [(R _zv + L _b / 2) + R _s + x], m,

where x is the minimum distance excluding the intersection of the free kick line and the side borders of the playing field, and its length is taken to be twice the width.

The number of field players is calculated by the formula

N = 2a / n,

where a is the field width, m; n is the average interaction distance between the players, m.

The dimensions of the gates and zones obtained as a result of the calculation can be changed downward, as well as the number of field players, which must be even.

Thus, the following conditions exist: the playing field 2 consists of two square platforms connected by a central line 3; the dimensions of the playing field provide conditions for the non-intersection of lines (boundaries) of the game zones; the size and shape of the goalkeeper zone 7 provide equal opportunities for the attacker to attack the goal 10 and the goalkeeper to protect them (the equality of the time the goalkeeper jumps behind the ball and the ball’s flight time from the border 6 of goalkeeper zone 7 to the goal points 10 farthest from the goalkeeper is provided), as well as and the size and shape of the other areas on the field associated with the goal attack.

The game on the proposed field is as follows - after the ball, carried out in the center of the field on its center line, the field players of the opposing teams tend to roll (kick) the ball into the opponent’s goal. The following restrictions apply.

A goalkeeper cannot play as a field player, nor can a field player play as a goalkeeper, except in special cases stipulated by the rules.

In case of violation of the rules of the game (rudeness, technically incorrect conduct of attack and defense techniques), a free kick is assigned, which is made, as a rule, from the line of the free kick zone. From this line the ball can be sent to the goal. During the strike in the free kick zone there cannot be players from the team that punches the free kick. Players of the defending team must be at a distance from the ball not less than the width of the free kick zone.

A player who leaves the defense zone of his team, that is, crossed the line of the neutral zone before the ball appears there, is considered ″ out of the game ″ (figure 3).

The player who receives the ball from his player from the attack zone of his team and is in the defense zone of his team, that is, in front of the neutral zone line (pass back) is also considered ″ offside ″ (figure 4).

An example of determining specific parameters of the playing field.

Initial data: n = 9 m; x = 1 m; γ = 16 deg .; H _r = 1.80 m; V _m = 24 m / s; β = 30 deg .; H _br = 2.2 m; d _m = 0.23 m; Δ = 1 m; V _br = 4.9 m / s; α = 45 degrees; K _b = 0.104; n = 9 m.

L_d=Н_br+Δ+2d_m=2,2+1+2·0,23=3,66 м).Gate width - L _b = L _p + L _d = 2,50 + 3,66 = 6,16 m. We accept L _b = 6,0 m. (

L _d = H _br + Δ + 2d _m = 2.2 + 1 + 2 · 0.23 = 3.66 m).

H_d=Kα₁Н_br+d_m=0,707·2,2+0,23=1,79 м).Gate height - Н _b = Н _р + Н _d = 0.62 + 1.79 = 2.41 m. We accept Н _b = 2.40 m. (

H _d = Kα ₁ H _br + d _m = 0.707 · 2.2 + 0.23 = 1.79 m).

Goalkeeper area dimensions R _zv = L _p V _m / (V _br Kβ), m = 2.34 · 24 / (4.9 · 0.866) = 13.74 m. We accept R _zv = 12 m. (L _p = L _b -H _br -Δ-2d _m = 6-2.2-1-2 · 0.23 = 2.34 m).

Н₃=2Н_r+d_m=2·1,80+0,23=3,83).The dimensions of the free kick zone are R _zs = R _s + R _zv = 9.88 + 12 = 21.88 m. We accept R _zs = 21 m. (R _s = К _b Кγ ₂ TV _m = 0.104 · 0.961 · 4.12 24 = 9.88 m.

H ₃ = 2H _r + d _m = 2 · 1.80 + 0.23 = 3.83).

The width of the neutral zone R _zn = 2R _n = 2 (R _zv + L _b / 2) = 2 (16 · 6/2) = 30 m. The field width is a = 2 [(R _zv + L _b / 2) + ( R _zs -R _zv ) + x] = 2 · (12 + 6/2) + (21-12) +1.5) = 50 m.

Field length - L = 2a = 2 · 50 = 100 m.

The number of field players - N = 2a / n = 2 · 50/9 = 11 people, we accept the closest - less, i.e. 10 people.

Claims (1)

A playing field for a ball game, allowing the ball to move directly across the field, with the players divided into two teams, including field players and a goalkeeper, containing a rectangular area with a goal located on the symmetry axis of the playing field on its most distant sides, equipped with zones a special game mode, divided by a central line into equal areas, characterized in that the game is carried out by feet, while the goalkeeper, free kick and neutral zone are highlighted in the playing field, while determined by the goalkeeper possible hopping, according to the formula L _b = L _p + L _d , m, Where

, m; To _b - coefficient taking into account the conditions of the jump; Kα = sin2α; α is the optimal angle of the goalkeeper's jump, deg .; V _br - maximum initial goalkeeper jump speed, m / s; L _d = H _br + Δ + 2d _m , m; H _br - average goalkeeper body length, taking into account outstretched arms, m; Δ is the space occupied at the goal by the body of the goalkeeper, m; d _m is the diameter of the ball, m; the goal height is determined by the maximum possible goalkeeper jump height at an optimal angle, according to the formula H _b = N _p + H _d , m, Where

, m; H _d = Kα ₁ H _br + d _m , m; Kα ₁ = sinα, moreover, as the boundary of the goalkeeper zone, take a line whose points are equidistant from the points nearest to them located on the goal line by a distance determined by the formula from the condition that the ball’s flight is equal from the border of the goalkeeper zone to the goal points farthest from the goalkeeper and the goalkeeper’s jump time the ball R _zv = L _p · V _m / (V _br · Kβ), m, where Kβ = cosβ; L _p = L _b -H _br -Δ-2d _m , m; β - the optimal angle of the goalkeeper's jump into the lower corner of the goal, degrees; V _m is the flight speed of the ball exactly sent to the target, m / s; moreover, as the line of the free kick zone, take a line whose points are equidistant from the nearest points located on the border of the goalkeeper zone by a distance determined by the formula R _s = K _b Кγ ₂ TV _m , m, where Kγ ₂ = cosγ;

, H ₃ = 2H _r + d _m , m; H _r is the average height of the players, m; K _v = V _m Kγ ₁ , Kγ ₁ = sinγ; γ is the angle of the exact sending of the ball to the upper corner of the goal, deg., in addition, the distance from the center line of the playing field to the borders of the neutral zone is equal to the distance from the border of the goalkeeper zone to the nearest point on the goal line, while the width of the playing field is determined by the formula a = 2 · [(R _zv + L _b / 2) + R _s + х], m, where x is the minimum distance that excludes the intersection of the free kick line and the side borders of the playing field, and the length of the playing field is taken to be equal to twice its width.

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