RU2232082C1 - Method for obtaining of multilayer relief image - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: production of multilayer images.

SUBSTANCE: method involves providing repeated applying of printed material and pattern on single substrate.

EFFECT: increased efficiency in producing graphic effect.

10 cl, 3 dwg

Description

The invention relates to decorative art, and in particular to a method for producing a multilayer relief image with a flat outer surface on a substrate. The substrate in this method can be either sheet materials or various objects and products, or oriented at any angle to the horizontal plane, for example, facades and interiors of building structures having both limited and unlimited area.

The prior art method is widely known for applying inscriptions and drawings to clothing, badges, leather goods, utensils and many other products, called “silkscreen”, replaced by the more precise term “screen printing” used in printing. Basically, it comes down to applying a stencil to a substrate and applying printed material through it to form an image, including a relief image, on the substrate.

The specified method is widely used in various industries, for example, such as electronics and television in the manufacture of circuit boards; in the advertising business in the manufacture of inscriptions and images for street advertising, shop windows, car bodies, advertising panels in the subway, etc.

This method is highly economical because it allows you to get a large number of prints of almost the same quality, in addition, it can be used both in large-scale production and in small workshops and art studios.

In more detail, the silk-screen printing method, its features, materials and technologies for the manufacture of printed forms are described in the book by V.V. Averyanov “Silk-screen printing”, M .: Gamma Publishing House, 1998, pp. 3-109.

Also known is a method of applying a relief decorative image on ceramic products using screen printing (WO 98/13201, class B 41 C 1/06, 04/02/1998).

Any of the indicated sources of information can be taken as the closest analogue of the proposed technical solution.

A disadvantage of the known methods is that none of them provides for obtaining a multilayer relief image.

The technical result of the invention is to improve the known method of screen printing with the aim of expanding its visual and operational capabilities, ensuring that, using the proposed method, a relief image with a flat outer surface is obtained both on horizontal and vertical planes having, in particular, an unlimited area .

The essence of the method of obtaining a multilayer relief image is that the material is applied to the substrate using a specially made stencil. The substrate is then installed and fixed at any angle to the horizontal from 0 to 180 °.

As the substrate can be used as sheet materials of a limited area, and a fixed base of unlimited area, such as, for example, a wall, ceiling or column of a building structure. The surface of the substrate or fixed base before applying printed material to it may be primed and / or stained. It can be smooth or with a weak relief.

The upper layer of the relief image at any height is made flat, parallel to the surface of the substrate. After applying each layer, it is dried, due to which there is a layer-by-layer increase in the height of the relief image.

One of the differences between the proposed method and the known methods is a prerequisite in the printing process to impose a stencil on the same place on the same substrate. This provides a uniform increase in the thickness of the relief of the image. The application of the stencil and the application of the printed material is carried out repeatedly.

Depending on the size (size) of the mesh screen cell, the composition of the printed material and the number of overlays (layers), it is possible to obtain different thicknesses of the relief image layers, however, at any height of the relief, the outer surface of all the protrusions of its upper layer lies in one plane.

The specified image can be both the final product and the form for its further processing. So the outer surface of the top layer of the relief can be subjected to additional decoration in the form of coloring, grinding, varnishing, carving, etc.

Coarse-grained or finely-grained building or finishing materials on a water, or adhesive, or alkyd basis, such as, for example, putties, plasters, dry mixes, gypsum, and various pastes, are used as printing material.

The walls of the protrusions forming a relief image, in an advantageous embodiment of the invention, are vertical.

To expand the visual capabilities of the obtained relief image in the proposed method, one or more additional stencils are used with their useful area gradually decreasing inside the same image image. In this embodiment, subject to the conditions for applying the stencils to the same place on the substrate, a profiled relief image is obtained, for example, having a stepped profile, in which the areas of each subsequent layer are reduced by the same or unequal amount, and the contour lines of all layers are located equidistantly.

In another embodiment, an image with a beveled profile can be obtained.

Also for the formation of the upper layer of the relief can be used an additional stencil with a pattern that differs from the pattern of the main stencil.

After drying, each new layer of the relief image can be painted in its own color. Then, when looking at the image at an angle, or subject to the execution of the profiled image, a new decorative effect is obtained associated with the contour of the relief image being multicolored.

The aforementioned effect can also be obtained through the use of printing material of different colors for the formation of different layers of the relief image. In this embodiment, during the formation of each layer on the grid impose a different color printed material.

The invention is illustrated by drawings, in which Fig. 1 shows a substrate with a relief image deposited on it, and Fig. 2 shows a relief image made on a column of a building; figure 3 is a fragment of the image of figure 2 (enlarged).

Carry out the proposed method as follows.

First, a printing form or stencil is made, the supporting basis for which is a mesh stretched over the frame, made of metal, natural or synthetic fiber. Grids can be dyed or unpainted from threads of different thicknesses and with different usable areas of holes (cells). The process of selecting and making stencils is described in more detail in V. Averyanov’s book “Screen Printing” (see above).

Then a printed material is prepared from which a multilayer relief image will subsequently be formed. As already noted above, to obtain the indicated relief, such construction and finishing materials as putties, plasters, gypsum, etc. are used on a water, adhesive or alkyd basis, having a paste-like consistency.

In the process of preparing the stencil, a photosensitive emulsion is applied to the inner and / or outer side of the grid, which is a tracing-paper of the future image. An original image mock-up made, for example, on a film carrier is fixed on a grid.

Then, the prepared mesh is exposed to ultraviolet rays, hardening the photosensitive layer on the mesh only in the place where the image of the original layout passes ultraviolet rays through the emulsion.

Remove the film of the original layout.

Wash the mesh with water, removing unlit portions of the image.

Then the mesh is dried with the resulting stencil.

In one embodiment of the method, the frame with the mesh is fixed on a special table using hinge loops.

A substrate is placed on the table, made, for example, of hardboard, drywall, etc., and paste-like printed material is applied to the stencil, evenly distributing it on the surface of the stencil. Before applying the printing material to the stencil, the specified material can be painted.

Then, for example, using a squeegee, the printing material is pressed through the cells of the stencil mesh to obtain an image layer on the substrate that is dried.

In the variant of fixing the frame with the grid on the table with the help of hinge loops in the interval between the application of layers of printed material on the substrate to prevent its drying, the tilted frame with the grid is closed with a shielding means.

Then, the entire process of forcing the printed material through the stencil is repeated as many times as necessary, depending on the intended height of the image relief.

On vertical surfaces, when the substrate is installed at an angle of 90 ° to the horizontal, or on horizontal overturned surfaces, when the substrate is located at an angle of 180 ° to the horizontal (building ceilings), the proposed method can perform a relief image consisting of any number of layers, their limitation is due to just the inconvenience of the job.

The number of layers depends on the need and ability to combine adjacent sections of an extended relief image.

The finishing step of the resulting relief is associated with fine-tuning the image and fixing it on the substrate in order to increase its durability. To do this, the embossed image is primed, varnished, etc. Also manually using tampons, rollers or brushes, the outside of the image can be painted in one or more colors.

In addition, after the formation of the last layer of relief, 1-2 layers of paint can be applied to it through a stencil.

The outer surface of the relief, obtained using a mesh having large cells, is roughened, and painted in the corresponding color, it imitates natural stone. This effect can be successfully used to create a variety of monumental and decorative products, designed in particular for decorating the facades of various building structures (figure 1).

Also, the method allows you to decorate the interior of buildings (Fig.2, 3).

An example of the implementation of the proposed method using manual printing equipment.

Prepare the substrate. They want its surface to be dry, free from dust and dirt.

As a printed material, building adhesive-based putty is used.

The stencil obtained by the silk-screen printing method on a polymer mesh No. 42 is placed on a substrate and the first run is performed.

The mesh is lifted and the first layer of the image is dried using a hair dryer at temperatures up to 100 ° C.

The stencil is placed on the same place of the substrate and a second run is made, and at each run, the stencil and the previous print match.

The mesh is lifted and the second layer is dried also at temperatures up to 100 ° C.

The number of image layers is determined by the original design.

The resulting relief image can be used as an injection mold for duplicating prints from it.

Claims (10)

1. A method of obtaining a relief image, which consists in applying a mesh stencil to a substrate and applying printing material through it to form an image on the substrate, characterized in that the application of the stencil and the printing of the material is carried out on the same substrate repeatedly, while the stencil is applied to the substrate in the same place with obtaining a multilayer image with the outer surface of the protrusions of the upper layer of the relief lying in the same plane, while performing intermediate drying with loyas between their application when the stencil is removed from the substrate. 2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that the substrate is installed at an angle from 0 to 180 ° to the horizontal. 3. The method according to any one of claims 1 and 2, characterized in that the walls of the protrusions forming a relief image are vertical. 4. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that it uses one or more additional stencils. 5. The method according to claim 4, characterized in that to obtain a relief image with profiled walls of the protrusions, several additional stencils with the same patterns are used, having successively decreasing areas. 6. The method according to claim 4, characterized in that for the formation of the upper layer of the relief using an additional stencil with a pattern different from the pattern of the main stencil. 7. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that each obtained layer after drying is painted in its own color. 8. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that for the formation of each new layer using printed material, dyed in its color. 9. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that the top layer of the embossed image is painted and / or finished. 10. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that coarse-grained or fine-grained building or finishing materials on a water, adhesive or alkyd basis are used as the printed material.

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