RU2231453C1 - Vehicle cab air treatment device - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: transport engineering; heating, ventilation and air conditioning.

SUBSTANCE: invention can be used in trucks, tractors, self-propelled harvesters, road-building machines. According to invention, open-type boiler-generator is installed on surface of exhaust pipe of vehicle internal combustion engine. Working liquid heater is connected with surface of exhaust pipe. Inlet branch pipe of liquid heater being connected through two-way valve with pipeline to deliver "weak" solution of working liquid into boiler-generator, and outlet branch pipe is connected with heater heat exchanger whose outlet pipe is connected to absorber nozzles.

EFFECT: improved efficiency of device, reduced energy consumption.

3 cl, 2 dwg

Description

The invention relates to ventilation, heating and air conditioning in the cabs of transport vehicles and can be used in the cabs of trucks, tractors, self-propelled combines, road construction vehicles.

A topical device for treating air in a vehicle cabin [1], comprising a fuser mounted on the exhaust pipe of an internal combustion engine (ICE), acting as a DC power source and connected to a fuser mounted on the roof of the cab by a fan motor, as well as heating panels located under the windows of the cab.

A disadvantage of the known device is that to ensure stable voltage and sufficient current strength of the power source, intensive heat dissipation from the cold junctions of the fuser mounted on the exhaust pipe of the internal combustion engine is necessary, which cannot be provided by convective cooling when the vehicle is moving. Furthermore, the temperature of the walls of the exhaust pipe ° C after starting the internal combustion engine to 400 ° C when loading the internal combustion engine can be learned on the limited length of the exhaust pipe (600-700 mm from the internal combustion engine), which ensures the generation of electric tion power up to 900 watts, which is enough to get cold in the warm season and produce heat during the cold season, providing a comfortable environment in the cabin.

A device is known for treating air in an absorption refrigeration machine [2], which is closest to the invention by the set of essential features, comprising a boiler-generator for boiling a working fluid (absorbent) having water in it, a condenser for removing heat, an evaporator for spraying water, evaporation of part of the water entering it and cooling due to the rest of the water mass, an absorber to maintain the vapor pressure below the vapor pressure in the evaporator and the absorption of water by the working fluid moat of the evaporator for producing a "weak" solution, a pump for supplying the "weak" solution of working fluid into the boiler generator, nozzles installed in the absorber and the evaporator, a pump for supplying water to the nozzles evaporator and vacuum pump for removal of vapor from the absorber

A disadvantage of the known device is the need to remove heat from the condenser due to the cooled medium (water or air) in an additional refrigerating machine, supplying heat to the boiler-generator due to the heated medium (water vapor or hot water) in the additional heater, and also removing heat from the absorber due to the cooled medium (water or air) in an additional refrigeration machine. All these additional sources of heat or cold significantly increase the energy consumption of the device. In addition, the known device provides cold, but does not provide heat to maintain a comfortable microclimate in the cold season, which reduces the efficiency of the device.

The present invention solves the problem of increasing the efficiency of the device by using it to obtain heat in the cold season and reducing energy consumption by using the heat generated by the combustion of fuel in the internal combustion engine and released into the environment with exhaust gases.

To achieve this technical solution, the boiler-generator is installed on the surface of the exhaust pipe of the internal combustion engine of the vehicle, the working fluid heater is connected to the surface of the exhaust pipe, the inlet pipe of which is connected to the inlet pipe of the boiler-generator and the working fluid supply pipe, the outlet pipe of the heater is connected to the heat exchanger of the heater installed in the vehicle cabin, the outlet pipe of the heat exchanger is attached to the nozzles of the absorber pa, with openings facing towards the ambient air, or placed in the duct, and on the surface inside the boiler generator, contacting the surface of the exhaust pipe internal combustion engine mounted corrugated sheet of material with high thermal conductivity; the evaporator, absorber, nozzles of the evaporator and absorber, the intake pipe of the vacuum pump, the partition between the absorber and the evaporator are made in one housing.

The invention is illustrated by drawings.

Figure 1 shows a General view of the device in longitudinal section, figure 2 shows a General view of the installation of the nodes of the device on the roof of the cabin.

The device comprises a boiler-generator 1, mounted on the surface of the exhaust pipe 2. A heater fluid 3 is connected to the surface of the exhaust pipe 2, the inlet pipe 4 of which is connected to a two-way valve 5. A two-way crown 5 is connected to the pipeline for supplying a “weak” solution 6 of the working fluid and the inlet pipe 7 of the boiler-generator 1. The outlet pipe 8 of the heater 3 is connected to the heater heat exchanger 9, which is located in the cabin in the block with the air cooler heat exchanger 10, fan 11, vacuum sucker 12 and a two-console electric motor 13. The evaporator 14 and the absorber 15 are placed in one housing and are separated from each other by a partition 16. In the evaporator 14 there are nozzles 17, and in the absorber 15 there are nozzles 18. To remove the vapor-air mixture from the absorber 15 and maintain water elasticity the vapor in the absorber 15 is lower than the vapor pressure in the evaporator, the vacuum pump 12 is connected to the absorber-evaporator body by a pipe 19. To remove heat from the heat exchanger 10 during the warm season, a heat exchanger 20 is installed in the evaporator 14, cooled by arenes water in the evaporator. Since heat is generated during the absorption of the working fluid in the absorber 15, a heat exchanger 21 is installed in the absorber 15 for its removal, connected by pipelines to a heat exchanger 22 mounted on the roof of the vehicle cab 23. The heat exchanger 22 is connected to a fan 24, at the outlet of which an air duct 25 is mounted, rigidly fixed to the boiler-generator 1. At the junction of the surface of the duct 25 and the boiler-generator 1, openings 26 are made, on the inner surface of the boiler-generator 1 adjacent to the exhaust surface pipe 2, fixed corrugated aluminum sheet 27.

To feed the evaporator with water, a water tank 28 is installed in the cabin, connected to the nozzles 17 through a two-way valve 29, which is additionally connected to the water pump 30. The working fluid from the absorber 15 is supplied to the boiler generator 1 or heater 3 by the water pump 31. Outlet pipe 32 the boiler-generator 1 is connected to the nozzles 18 through the valve 33, and the two-way valve 29 is connected to the nozzles 17 of the evaporator 14 through the valve 34. To turn off the heat exchanger 22 in the cold season, a bypass valve 35 is installed.

The device operates as follows.

In the warm season, the bypass valve 35 closes, the valves 33 and 34 open, and the two-way valve 29 is placed in a position that provides water from the evaporator 14 with the water pump 30 and is supplied with water from the tank 28 through nozzles 17. The heater inlet 4 is closed with a two-way valve 5 3.

In the boiler-generator 1, the working fluid solution is boiled on the corrugated surface of the aluminum sheet 27 due to the heat of the exhaust gases that come from the internal combustion engine of the vehicle through the exhaust pipe 2. Water vapor is constantly regenerated into the duct 25 through the openings 26. The remaining component of the working fluid, for example lithium bromide, enters the absorber through nozzles 18, where water vapor comes from the evaporator 14, which are absorbed by the component of the working fluid. The “weak” solution of the working fluid obtained in the absorber is again fed into the boiler-generator 1 by the water pump 31. Since the vapor pressure in the evaporator 14 is higher than the vapor pressure in the absorber 15, which is ensured by the removal of the air-vapor mixture from the absorber 15 by the vacuum pump 12, in the evaporator 14 the part of the water entering through the nozzles 17 evaporates and the remaining mass of water in the evaporator 14 is cooled due to this. Chilled water takes heat from the heat exchanger 20 installed in the evaporator 14, which in turn takes heat away t of heat exchanger 10 of the air cooler installed in the unit with a fan in the vehicle cabin, due to which the air supplied by the fan from the cabin is cooled and comfortable microclimate parameters are created in the cabin.

In the cold season, the bypass valve 35 opens, the valve 33 closes, the two-way valve 29 is placed in a position that ensures only the transfer of water from the evaporator 14 by the water pump 30 to the nozzles 17. The two-way valve 5 is placed in a position that blocks the inlet pipe 7 of the boiler-generator 1.

The working fluid from the absorber 15 is supplied by the water pump 31 to the heater 3. Due to the heat of the exhaust gases that come from the internal combustion engine of the vehicle through the exhaust pipe 2, the working fluid is heated and enters the heat exchanger 9 of the heater. Heat is transferred to the air in the heat exchanger, which is supplied from the cabin by the fan 11. The cooled working fluid enters through the nozzles 18 into the absorber 15, where it is mixed with the water circulating in the evaporator 14, and again fed into the heater by the water pump 31.

Sources of information

1. Copyright certificate No. 1546297. A device for treating air in a vehicle cabin, IPC B 60 N 3/00, 1988 (Bull. No. 8 of 02.28.90).

2. Barkalov B.V., Karpis E.E. Air conditioning in industrial, public and residential buildings (basics of design and calculation). - M .: Publishing house of literature on construction, 1971, 269 p. (p.204, fig. 9.14).

Claims (3)

1. A device for treating air in a vehicle cabin, comprising a boiler-generator for boiling a working fluid containing water, an evaporator for evaporating part of the water entering it and cooling the remaining mass of water due to this, an absorber to maintain the vapor pressure below vapor pressure in the evaporator and absorption of water vapor from the evaporator by the working fluid, a pump for supplying the working fluid to the boiler-generator having an inlet pipe connected to the working supply pipe liquids, nozzles installed in the absorber and the evaporator, a pump for supplying water to the evaporator nozzles and a vacuum pump for removing the steam-air mixture from the absorber, characterized in that the boiler-generator is installed on the surface of the exhaust pipe of the internal combustion engine of the vehicle, and a heater is connected to the surface of the exhaust pipe working fluid, the inlet pipe of which through a two-way valve is connected to the inlet pipe of the boiler-generator and the working fluid supply pipe, the outlet pipe of the heater heater ene heater with a heat exchanger mounted in the cab of the vehicle, the output of the heat exchanger tube is attached to the absorber nozzles. 2. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that the boiler-generator is made of an open type with holes facing the ambient air or placed in the duct, and on the surface inside the boiler-generator in contact with the surface of the exhaust pipe of the internal combustion engine, a corrugated sheet of material with high thermal conductivity, such as aluminum. 3. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that the evaporator, absorber, nozzles of the evaporator and absorber, the intake pipe of the vacuum pump, the partition between the absorber and the evaporator are made in one housing.

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