RU2230655C2 - Machine for cutting bread by straws - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: apparatuses for cutting food products, possibly for making dry bread products.

SUBSTANCE: machine includes frame, feeder for arranging bread product, supporting platform provided with centering cutter and with combs; feeding mechanism having carriage with Г-shaped damper and with roller. Said carriage is mounted in roller supports with possibility of reciprocation motion. Drum type cam is kinematically joined with drive unit. Pusher includes pins and grips, shaft-drums provided with plate type cutters and annular cutters.

EFFECT: simplified design of machine, lowered number of drives for cutters, enhanced efficiency of machine due to simultaneous cutting of bread product in all positions, improved quality of cutting due to optimal mounting of cutters relative to bread product for eliminating bread crushing at cutting it.

4 cl, 5 dwg

Description

The invention relates to cutting devices for food products and can be used in the production of bread crumbs.

A device for cutting products according to A.S. 1328197, comprising a feed conveyor, a roll horizontally positioned above it with a set of circular knives and spring loaded blade knives mounted with the possibility of reciprocating movement in the radial direction.

A disadvantage of the known device is that the cutting of the product with plate knives is carried out by the method of pressing the cutting edge into the product, which will not ensure the proper quality of cutting the product in view of the presence of crushing of the product from the action of the pressing force of the cutting edge of the knife. The second disadvantage is that with the radial arrangement of the blade knives, the distance between the cutting edges of adjacent knives at the beginning and at the end of cutting will be different, which will also cause wrinkling of the product and will not ensure the quality of its cutting. The third disadvantage of the device is that the radial arrangement of the blade knives limits the technological capabilities of the device in view of the structural limited proximity of the cutting edges of the blade knives around the perimeter of the roll.

According to the achieved result, the closest similar technical solution is a device for cutting a confectionery layer according to A.S. 452491, consisting of a feed conveyor, circular knives located above it, for cutting a formation into longitudinal strips, equipped with a guillotine knife drive, performing vertical and horizontal reciprocating motion for transverse cutting of longitudinal strips into individual blanks.

A disadvantage of the known device is that the transverse cutting of the longitudinal strips into individual blanks is carried out by the method of pressing the guillotine knife into the product being cut, which will not ensure the proper quality of cutting the product in view of the presence of crushing of the product due to the force of pressing the cutting edge of the knife. The second disadvantage of the device is that the transverse cutting of the longitudinal strips of the product is carried out using only one guillotine knife, which limits the performance of the device. The third disadvantage of the device is that the presence of reciprocating movement of the guillotine knife in two mutually perpendicular directions, synchronously associated with the longitudinal movement of the cut product, causes the kinematic complexity of the interaction of the actuators of the installation, which will inevitably lead to a decrease in its reliability and will require highly qualified personnel for her service.

The purpose of the invention is to simplify the design of the installation, increasing productivity and improving the quality of cutting bread straws.

This goal is achieved by the fact that in the proposed installation for cutting bread straws containing a bed and installed on it during the technological process, a feeder for placing a bread product in it, a support platform with combs, a feed mechanism with a pusher, rotating shafts with drums equipped with plate and ring knives, and a vehicle for removing chopped straws, shafts with drums are installed at an angle α relative to each other in a horizontal plane with the possibility of oncoming Carefully move. The drums are equipped with a set of plate knives installed with a given step on a given section of the outer forming surface of the drum, perpendicular to the axis of rotation and at a given angle β relative to the bread product, and a knife made in the form of a conical ring with a cone angle equal to the angle α set concentrically axis of rotation at the end of the drum from the side of the feed of the bread product, the cutting edge of which is sharpened from the inner surface of the ring and is located not higher than the level of the tops of the cutting edges of the plate s knives. The drums are made in the form of a truncated cone with an angle equal to the angle α, and are mounted on the shafts in pairs and symmetrically with respect to the support platform and the pusher of the feeding mechanism, and the first pair of drums, on the supply side of the bread product, have no ring knives. In the zone of the last cut, on one of the rotating shafts, an unpaired single drum with a set of plate knives with an increased useful length of the cutting edges is installed. The supporting platform is equipped with a centering knife, at both ends of which cutting edges are made, the cutting edge on the supply side of the bread product is made with a slope directed to the supporting platform, and the cutting edge on the opposite side of the knife is made with a slope directed from the supporting platform. In the cutting zone of each drum, combs with grooves for the passage of plate knives are installed, and each subsequent comb is already the previous one by the amount of thickness of the cut straw, and in the zone of the last cut the comb is made angular with two mutually perpendicular supporting surfaces located in horizontal and vertical planes.

Compared with the closest similar solution, the claimed technical solution has the following distinctive features:

- shafts with drums are installed at an optimal angle relative to each other in the horizontal plane, depending on the size of the cut straw;

- the drums are equipped with a set of plate knives mounted on its outer forming surface, and a conical ring knife mounted not on its end;

- the drums are installed in pairs and symmetrically with respect to the supporting platform for placing the bread product and the pusher of the feeding mechanism;

- the supporting platform for placing the bread product is equipped with a centering knife with inclined cutting edges located at the ends of the knife;

- combs with grooves for the passage of plate knives are installed in the cutting zones of each drum;

- each subsequent comb is already the previous one by the value of the thickness of the chopped straw.

When implementing the invention, the installation design is simplified by installing shafts with drums equipped with cutting knives at an optimal angle relative to each other in a horizontal plane with the possibility of oncoming movement. This arrangement of drums allows you to exclude the drive mechanisms for feeding the cutting knives to the cut bread product at each cutting position by the thickness of the cut straw. The installation productivity is increased due to the multi-position pairwise installation of drums with cutting knives, which allows for simultaneous cutting of bread straws at each position.

The quality of cutting bread straws is improved due to the installation of plate cutting knives at the optimum angle of incidence relative to the bread product, which significantly reduces its crushing due to a reduction in cutting force. The use of a centering knife and combs with grooves for the passage of plate knives provides reliable fixation of the bread product during the cutting process, which also improves the quality of cutting.

For each distinctive essential feature, a search is made for known technical solutions in the food industry. In known devices, as a rule, cutting is carried out with circular knives with a food product turning 90 ° relative to cutting knives or dividing the cutting process into longitudinal and transverse cutting with circular knives in combination with a guillotine knife, which complicates the design and limits the productivity of the devices and does not ensure the quality of cutting due to the presence of crushing of the food product from the action of cutting forces. In the proposed technical solution, these disadvantages are eliminated through the use of a multi-position pairwise installation on the shafts of the drums at an optimal angle relative to each other in the horizontal plane with the possibility of oncoming rotational motion. The drums are conical and equipped with a set of plate knives installed with an optimum cutting angle, transversely cutting the bread product, and conical ring shaped knives performing longitudinal cutting relative to the supply of the bread product throughout the entire cutting process. The support platform for placing the bread product is equipped with a centering knife, inclined cutting edges are made at both ends, and combs with grooves for the passage of plate knives are installed in the cutting zone of each drum, which ensures reliable fixation of the bread product during the cutting process.

The invention is illustrated by drawings.

Figure 1 shows the installation for cutting bread straws - horizontal projection; figure 2 is a section aa in figure 1; figure 3 is a section bB in figure 2; figure 4 is a section bB in figure 2; figure 5 shows a diagram of the installation of plate knives.

Installation for slicing bread straws contains a frame 1 and installed on it during the technological process actuators, feeder 2, made in the form of a container to accommodate the feet of the bread product, a support platform 3 for placing on it the bread product, equipped with a centering knife 4 with cutting edges 5 and 6, a feed mechanism comprising a carriage 7 with a L-shaped slide 8, mounted with the possibility of reciprocating motion in the roller bearings 9, the roller 10, mounted with the possibility of interaction I with a cam 11 of a drum type, profiled according to a given program and mounted on bearing bearings 12 and 13, kinematically connected, for example, by a chain gear 14 with an intermediate shaft 15, a pusher 16 with fingers 17 and single-acting grippers 18 installed with a given step, the guide 19 with slots 20 mounted motionless on brackets 21 and 22, inside of which a plunger 16 with fingers 17 is placed, rotating shafts 23 and 24 mounted at a given angle α relative to each other in a horizontal plane with the possibility counter rotational motion in the bearing bearings 25, connected by means of articulated couplings 26 to the drive shafts 27 and 28 and the intermediate shaft 15 installed in the bearing bearings 29 and kinematically connected, for example, by a chain transmission 30 with a drive 31, the drums 32 mounted on the rotating shafts 23 and 24 in pairs and symmetrically with respect to the supporting platform 3 and the pusher 16, equipped with a set of plate knives 33 installed with a given step and on a given section of the outer forming surface of each drum, perpendicular relative to the axis of its rotation and at a given angle β relative to the bread product 32, and ring-shaped knives 34 made in the form of a conical ring with a cone angle equal to the angle α, mounted concentrically relative to the rotation axis of the drum 32 from the side of the bread product, except for the first pair of drums , the cutting edge of which is located not higher than the level of the tops of the cutting edges of the plate knives, an unpaired drum 35 mounted on a rotating shaft 23, equipped with a set of plate knives 36 with an increased useful length of the cutting x edges, combs 37 with grooves for the passage of plate knives 33, installed in the cutting zones of each drum 32, comb 38 of an angular shape with two mutually perpendicular supporting surfaces with grooves for the passage of plate knives 36 of the drum 35, a vehicle 39 installed with the possibility of collecting chopped bread straws and removing it outside the installation.

Installation for cutting bread straws works as follows.

A bread product, for example, bread of the “Brick” type, previously cut along a loaf into two equal plates, is stacked in the feeder 1 with the cut surface up and the long side perpendicular to the feed direction to the cutting zone. By turning on the drive 31 through the chain gear 30, counter-rotational motion is imparted to the drive shafts 27 and 28. Through the articulated couplings 26, the counter-rotational motion is transmitted to the shafts 23 and 24 and the reels 32 and 35 mounted on them. From the shaft 23, the rotational motion is transmitted to the intermediate a shaft 15, which transmits a rotational movement to the cam via a chain drive 14. Interacting with the roller 10, the cam 11 drives the carriage 7, giving it a reciprocating motion in the roller bearings 9. Together with the rack The pusher 16 also makes a reciprocating movement. 16. When the carriage 7 and the pusher 16 move forward, the L-shaped gate 8 mounted on the carriage cuts off the bottom plate of the bread product from the feeder 2 from the foot and moves it one step along the supporting platform 3 towards the zone cutting. When the carriage 7 is returned to its original stop position, the bread product plates in the feeder 2 are lowered and when the carriage 7 is moved forward again, the feeding cycle of the bread product plate is repeated. Further, the movement of the bread product plate by a step is carried out by the pusher 16 by means of single-acting grippers 18. Before entering the first cutting position, the bread product plate is pushed by the pusher 16 onto the cutting edge 5 of the centering knife 4 mounted on the supporting platform 3, and under the influence of the feed force of the pusher 16, the bread product plate is cut to a predetermined depth and is firmly fixed on the knife 4 from lateral displacement, relying on combs 37 mounted on a support platform 3. Rotating drums 32 provided with sets of plate knives 33 make a transverse incision of a given depth, depending on the size of the cut straw and, on both sides of the plate of bread product. At the time of cutting with blade knives 33 and 36, the pusher 16 is in its original position. At the end of the incision, the pusher 16 moves the plate of the bread product along the supporting platform 3 in the direction of the following cutting positions. On the way of moving the plate of the bread product fall into the cutting zone of the ring knives 34, which cut the notched part of the plates of the bread product in the size of the thickness of the cut straw. Thus, having made a cut in two mutually perpendicular directions, a straw of a given size in the cross section and a length equal to the height of the plate of the bread product is cut. Before entering the last cutting position, the remaining part of the notched plate of the bread product, equal to the double thickness of the cut straw, is pushed onto the cutting edge 6 of the centering knife 4 and, under the action of the feed force of the pusher 16, is cut into two halves and fixed in the comb 38 angular shape. A rotating drum 35, equipped with a set of plate knives 36 with an increased useful length of the cutting edges, cuts the remaining parts of the bread product plate. Bread sticks, sliced at all cutting positions, are poured onto the vehicle 39 and removed outside the installation.

Claims (4)

1. Installation for cutting bread straws, comprising a bed and a feeder installed in it during the technological process for placing a bread product in it, a support platform with combs and a centering knife, a feed mechanism with a pusher, rotating shafts with drums, equipped with plate and ring knives, and a vehicle for removing sliced bread straws, characterized in that the rotating shafts with drums are installed at a given angle α relative to each other in a horizontal plane with possibly counter-rotational motion, and the drums are made in the form of a truncated cone with a cone angle equal to the angle α, and are mounted on rotating shafts in pairs and symmetrically with respect to the support platform and pusher of the feeding mechanism, and in the area of the last cut on one of the rotating shafts there is one unpaired drum . 2. Installation according to claim 1, characterized in that the plate knives are installed with a given step and on a given section of the outer forming surface of each drum perpendicularly to the axis of their rotation and at a given angle β relative to the bread product, and the ring-shaped knives are made in the form of a conical ring with a cone angle equal to the angle α, and are installed on the drums from the side of the bread product, the cutting edge of which is located not higher than the tops of the cutting edges of the plate knives, and the first pair of drums with a hundred There are no ring knives for feeding the bread product and the unpaired drum. 3. Installation according to claim 1, characterized in that the centering knife is provided with cutting edges located at both ends thereof, the cutting edge on the supply side of the bread product is made with a slope directed to the supporting platform, and the cutting edge on the opposite side of the knife is made with the slope directed from the reference platform. 4. Installation according to claim 1, characterized in that in the cutting zone of each drum on the supporting platform there are combs with grooves for the passage of plate knives, each subsequent comb is already the previous one by the thickness of the cut straw, and in the area of the last cut the comb is made angular in shape with two mutually perpendicular supporting surfaces located in horizontal and vertical planes.

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