RU2230441C1 - Twin betatron switch-mode power system - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: acceleration engineering; generation of high-energy electron beams. SUBSTANCE: twin betatron power system has its storage capacitor connected through thyristor to field coil of first electromagnet and field coil of second electromagnet connected through other thyristor to storage capacitor. Connected in parallel with field coil of first electromagnet is first power input circuit set up of series interconnected dc power supply, choke coil, and additional thyristor. Connected in parallel with field coil of second electromagnet is second power input circuit set up of series-interconnected dc power supply, choke coil, and thyristor. EFFECT: reduces cost, mass, and size of twin betatron. 1 cl, 3 dwg

Description

The invention relates to the field of accelerator technology and is intended to generate high-energy electron beams for the subsequent use of accelerated electron energy for defectoscopy, cancer treatment, etc.

In some cases, to determine the coordinates of defects, a stereo image is required, which requires the use of two betatrons (double betatron).

Known power systems of a double betatron in the case of mixed excitation of its electromagnets [1-3]. In connection with the development and implementation of pulse power systems of betatrons [4, 5], which allow generating current pulses of various shapes in the inductive load, including in the windings of the betatron electromagnet, interest in mixed excitation has disappeared. This is due to the fact that when a betatron electromagnet is excited by unipolar current pulses, not only the main advantage of mixed excitation is preserved - the formation of unidirectional magnetic fluxes, but also a number of additional advantages appear. For example, the weight and size parameters of the betatron electromagnet are less than with mixed excitation; the weight and size parameters of the power system are reduced. It should be noted that to date, double pulse-switched betatrons have not been developed.

Known pulse power system of the betatron (in the case of a bipolar mode of operation of a capacitive storage) [6]. To create a double betatron, it will be necessary to use two such pulse power systems that form a double betatron pulse power system, selected as a prototype, containing a first electromagnet with a magnetic circuit and with an excitation winding, a second electromagnet with a magnetic circuit and with an excitation winding, and a capacitive storage.

This pulse power supply system of a double betatron will have to contain 8 thyristors of two oscillatory circuits and two capacitive storage. The use of such a large number of elements will lead to a significant increase in the cost and mass and size parameters of a double betatron.

The objective of the invention is to reduce the cost and weight and size parameters of a double betatron.

The task is achieved in that in a pulsed power supply system of a double betatron containing a first electromagnet with a magnetic circuit and with an excitation winding, a second electromagnet with a magnetic circuit and with an excitation winding, a capacitive storage device, according to the invention, the field winding of the first electromagnet is connected through one thyristor to a capacitive storage device, which through another thyristor is connected to the excitation winding of the second electromagnet, and in parallel to the excitation winding of the first electromagnet the first energy input circuit consisting of a DC power supply, a choke and a thyristor connected in series with each other, and a second energy input circuit connected in series with a DC power supply, a choke and a thyristor is connected in parallel to the excitation winding of the second electromagnet.

With this version of the pulse power supply system of a double betatron, instead of 8 thyristors of two oscillatory circuits, only 2 will be used, instead of two capacitive drives, one will be used.

In a betatron, a significant part of the cost of a pulsed power system is made up of the following elements: capacitive storage and thyristors of an oscillatory circuit. These elements also make up a significant part of the overall dimensions of the pulse power system. Consequently, the obtained double betatron pulse power system will have significantly lower mass and size parameters and cost than the double betatron pulse power system, consisting of two pulse power systems considered in [6]. This circumstance, respectively, will lead to a significant reduction in the cost and weight and size parameters of the double betatron.

Figure 1 shows the electromagnetic system of a double betatron, where the dotted line shows the positions of the vacuum accelerator chambers in the interpolar spaces of the electromagnets.

Figure 2 shows a schematic diagram of a pulse power supply system of a double betatron.

Figure 3 shows the diagrams of changes in currents and voltages in a pulse power supply system of a double betatron, where the numbers indicate:

14 - voltage change on a capacitive storage 5,

15 is a change in the current of the excitation winding 2 of the first electromagnet,

16 - change in current of the winding 4 of the excitation of the second electromagnet.

The electromagnetic system of a double betatron (Fig. 1) contains a magnetic circuit 1 of the first electromagnet, an excitation winding 2 of the first electromagnet, a magnetic circuit 3 of the second electromagnet, an excitation winding 4 of the second electromagnet.

The pulse power system of the double betatron (figure 2), includes a magnetic circuit 1 of the first electromagnet, a winding 2 of the excitation of the first electromagnet, a magnetic circuit 3 of the second electromagnet, an excitation winding 4 of the second electromagnet. The capacitive storage 5 through the thyristor 6 is connected to the excitation winding 2 of the first electromagnet, and the excitation winding 4 of the second electromagnet through the thyristor 7 is connected to the capacitive storage 5. In parallel to the excitation winding 2, a first energy input circuit is connected, consisting of a constant power supply 8 connected in series current, inductor 9 and thyristor 10. In parallel with the field winding 4, a second energy input circuit is connected, consisting of a power supply 11 DC connected in series to each other current, inductor 12 and thyristor 13.

Consider the principle of operation of a pulse power supply system of a double betatron in figure 2.

At time t ₁ with the arrival of the control pulse to the thyristor 10 from the DC power source 8 through the inductor 9, energy is input into the excitation winding 2 of the first double betatron electromagnet (Fig. 3, curve 15). At time t _2, after the end of the energy input, the thyristor 6 is turned on to the excitation winding 2, the oscillatory discharge of the capacitive storage 5 to the excitation winding 2 begins (Fig. 3, curve 14), and the thyristor 10 is de-energized and turned off under the action of the voltage of the capacitive storage 5. In the first double-betatron electromagnet, magnetic fluxes are created through the reverse magnetic circuit of magnetic circuit 1 of the first electromagnet in the equilibrium orbit region and the central magnetic flux. At time t ₃ after the end of the acceleration process t _y1 , the falling part of the current pulse is formed in the excitation winding 2 (Fig. 3, curve 15). By time t _{4, the} current in the field winding 2 becomes equal to zero, and the capacitive storage 5 is recharged to the maximum voltage with the polarity indicated in parentheses. In this case, all the energy stored in the magnetic field of the first betatron electromagnet is recuperated into the capacitive storage 5 during the time interval t ₃ -t ₄ .

At time t ₄ with the arrival of the control pulse to the thyristor 13 from the DC power source 11 through the inductor 12, energy is input into the excitation winding 4 of the second double betatron electromagnet (Fig. 3, curve 16). At time t _5, after the end of the energy input, the thyristor 7 is turned on, the oscillatory discharge of the capacitive storage 5 to the excitation winding 4 begins (Fig. 3, curve 14), and the thyristor 13 is de-energized and turned off under the action of the voltage of the capacitive storage 5. In the second double-betatron electromagnet, magnetic fluxes are created through the reverse magnetic circuit of the magnetic circuit 3 of the second electromagnet in the equilibrium orbit and the central magnetic flux. At time t ₆ after the end of the acceleration process t _y2 , a decreasing part of the current pulse is formed in the excitation winding 4 (Fig. 3, curve 16). By time t _{7, the} current in the field winding 4 becomes equal to zero, and the capacitive storage 5 is recharged to the maximum voltage with the polarity indicated without brackets. Moreover, all the energy stored in the magnetic field of the second double betatron electromagnet is recuperated into the capacitive storage 5 during the time interval t ₆ -t ₇ , and the cycle of operation of the pulsed power supply system of the double betatron has ended.

Thus, in the considered pulse power supply system of a double betatron instead of 8 thyristors of two oscillatory circuits, only 2 are used, one capacitive storage is used instead of two, which accordingly leads to a significant decrease in the cost and weight and size parameters of the double betatron.

Literature

1. Yarushkin Yu.P. Some research questions of mixed excitation of small-sized betatrons electromagnets. Thesis. - Tomsk, 1964.

2. Ivashin V.V. Valve and valve-mechanical switching in schemes for obtaining magnetic fields in electric machines. Thesis. - Tomsk, 1968.

3. Ananyev L. M., Vorobev A. A., Gorbunov V. I. Induction electron accelerator - betatron. - M .: Gosatomizdat, 1961.

4. Ivashin V.V., Furman E.G. An experimental study of losses in the power circuit of a betatron by unipolar current pulses. News Aphids. - 1970, v. 212, p.134-139.

5. Furman E.G. Power systems for pulsed electromagnets with capacitive energy storage. PTE. - 1988, No. 5, pp. 7-27.

6. Auth. St. USSR No. 661743, MKP 2 N 03 K 5/01, B.I. No. 17, 1979, p. 260.

Claims (1)

A double betatron pulse power supply system comprising a first electromagnet with a magnetic circuit and with an excitation winding, a second electromagnet with a magnetic circuit and with an excitation winding, a capacitive storage device, characterized in that the excitation winding of the first electromagnet is connected through one thyristor to a capacitive storage device, which is connected to another through a thyristor the excitation winding of the second electromagnet, and in parallel with the excitation winding of the first electromagnet connected to the first energy input circuit, consisting of a DC power supply, a choke and a thyristor connected to each other, and a second energy input circuit connected to a DC power supply, a choke and a thyristor connected in series to each other in parallel with the excitation winding of the second electromagnet.

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