RU2230101C1 - Synthetic detergent - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: household chemical goods. SUBSTANCE: invention relates to compositions of detergents that may be used for both manual and machine washings of all types of textiles as well as for other domestic needs. Detergent is composed of, wt %: anionic surfactants 10.0-13.0, nonionic surfactant "Sinterol" 2.0-3.0, sodium tripolyphosphate 20.0-30.0 or sodium tripolyphosphate (20.0-25.0) and sodium citrate (2.0-3.0), urea peroxyhydrate (CO(NH₂)₂•H₂O₂) 10.0-15.0, carboxymethylcellulose 0.3-0.4, polycarboxylate "Akremon" 0.1-0.2, sodium liquid glass (on conversion to SiO2) 2.5-3.0, soda ash 5.0-10.0, optical bleacher 0.2-0.3, foam suppressor 0.2-1.0, tetraacetylethylenediamine 1.0-2.0, polyvinylpyrrolidone 0.3-0.4, 4-methyl-2,6-di-tert-butylphenol 0.005-0.200, odorant 0.05-0.20, water and sodium sulfate to 100%. EFFECT: stabilized detergent properties upon long-time storage, reduced foaming, and achieved clearly expressed whiteness of bright textiles. 4 cl, 3 tbl

Description

The invention relates to compositions of detergents and can be used for both manual and machine washing of all types of textile products and for other household needs.

Known detergents containing anionic and nonionic surface-active substances (surfactants), crystalline zeolite, soda, silicates, a water-soluble polymer, sodium sulfate, perfume, water [Germany patent No. 3444808, IPC C 11 D 3/20, 1993, US patent No. 3962149, IPC C 11 D 3/20].

Also known are paste-like detergents containing synthetic fatty acids, surfactants, bleaches, water, mineral additives, such as sodium alkyl sulfate ["Willow" - OST 6-15-543-87], sodium chloride ["Lily of the valley" - GOST 22567-15- 96].

But known detergents have an unpleasant odor and low foaming and washing abilities.

To eliminate unpleasant odors, perfumes are added to detergents, and to increase the washing ability, organic and inorganic additives are additionally added to the compositions.

Known detergent for washing, additionally containing a smectite type silicate in an amount of 3.0-15.0% [German patent No. 3702067, IPC C 11 D 3/20, 1984] and 2.0-10.0% sodium nitrilotriacetate [ German patent 3709931, IPC C 11 D 3/30, 1984].

The disadvantages of these methods are: a high content of silicates in the detergent, which leads to poor solubility of the agent in water, low washing ability, in addition, the lack of production of layered silicates by the domestic chemical industry, their high cost abroad make it impossible to produce detergents available to the consumer.

A laundry detergent is also known, including anionic and nonionic surfactants, ethoxylated fatty acids, CMC, a complexing agent, useful additives, enzymes, optical brighteners, antifoam agents, perfumes, a softening additive - bentonite clay [UK patent No. 2207144, IPC C 11 D 3/12 , 1992].

But this tool, like the above, has insufficient washing ability.

Known detergent for washing containing anionic and / or nonionic surfactants, sodium tripolyphosphate, a mixture of inorganic additives, for example sodium sulfate, sodium carbonate and bicarbonate, water glass, carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC), bleach, water [RF patent No. 2081156, IPC C 11 D 3/20, 1994, RF patent No. 2089602, IPC C 11 D 1/12, 1995].

But these detergents also provide a relatively low washing ability and do not provide sufficient softness of the washed product.

Also known is a detergent containing surfactant, a soluble complexing agent — sodium tripolyphosphate, useful additives — sodium bicarbonate and carbon dioxide, sodium chloride, fillers — sodium silicate, sodium sulfate, antiresorbent — CMC, optical brighteners, perfumes, antifoam, water [RF patent No. 2100428 IPC C 11 D 3/20, 1996].

The main disadvantage of the known detergent is the insufficient washing ability of the agent and its non-universality, i.e. the impossibility of its use for all types of linen, especially for color, as a result of which the paint is washed off. In addition, during prolonged storage of detergent, its quality deteriorates: caking, clumping, which generally reduces its washing ability.

Known detergent according to the patent of the Russian Federation No. 2177986, containing a high percentage of soda ash, adversely affects the skin of the hands, causing allergic reactions, which is especially true for handwashing, and has a low washing ability.

Known detergent containing anionic and nonionic surfactants, zeolite, modifying additives, such as sodium tripolyphosphate, sodium carbonate, bleaching components, sodium sulfate, CMC, antifoam [RF patent No. 2182164, IPC C 11 D 3/39, 3/12, 3/06, 1997].

The main disadvantage of the known means is the high content of zeolites and surfactants in it, which leads to a rise in the cost of detergent, and, in addition, the high content of sodium sulfate in the composition corrodes washing machines if machine washable, as well as low rinsing of fabrics, which rinses when rinsing laundry leads to a large consumption of water.

The closest technical solution - the prototype - is a detergent containing anionic and nonionic surfactants, antiresorbent - sodium silicate, carboxymethyl cellulose, sometimes sodium citrate, complexing agents - sodium tripolyphosphate, useful additives - sodium carbonate, sodium bicarbonate, optical brightener, antifoam, antifoam, antifoam, fillers - sodium sulfate and water in the following ratio of components, wt.%:

1. Anionic surfactants:

- sodium alkyl benzosulfonate or its

mixture with alkyl sulfonate (sulfonol) 10.0

- polylxylene glycol ethers

stearic acid (liquid soap) 5.0-8.0

2. Nonionic surfactants:

- polyoxyethylene ethers

synthetic monoethanolamides

fatty acids of the general formula

R-CONCH ₂ —CH ₂ O (CH ₂ —CH ₂ O) _n H—, where R = C _10-16 ; n = 5-6

or polyethylene glycol ethers

monoalkylphenols of the general formula

C ₉ H ₁₉ C ₆ H ₄ O (C ₂ H ₄ O) _n ,

where n = 10-12 (Neonol) 1.0-3.0

3. Tripolyphosphate 35.0

or tripolyphosphate 25.0

and sodium citrate 5.0

4. Carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) 0.5

or antiresorbent "Gift" 2.0

5. Sodium silicate (in terms of

on SiO ₂ ) 3.0

6. Polyvinylpyrrolidone 0.5

7. Optical brighteners 0.15-0.2

8. Sodium bicarbonate 5.0-10.0

9. Sodium carbonate 0-5.0

10. Sodium Chloride 5.0

11. Defoamer 0-0.2

12. Sodium sulfate and water - the rest [RF patent No. 2167190, IPC C 11 D 1/83, 3/10, 3/075, 2000].

But this detergent is not stable during long-term storage, the caking of the powder occurs, the color of the agent itself changes due to the oxidation resistance of the composition, it clumps, especially when packaged in large containers (paper bags), which generally reduces its quality and washing ability , insufficient whiteness of white fabrics, large foaming, which makes it difficult to machine wash, and a relatively high surfactant content.

The technical task of the invention is the stabilization of the washing properties of the detergent during long-term storage, including the achievement of a more pronounced whiteness in white (light) fabrics, and in general, improving the brightness of the product, reducing foaming.

The problem is solved in that the synthetic detergent containing anionic and nonionic surfactants, useful additives - complexing agents, sodium silicate, soda ash, sodium bicarbonate, carboxymethyl cellulose, optical brightener, antifoam, polyvinylpyrrolidone, sodium sulfate, water does not use as the sodium salt of carboxymethylated isononylphenol ethoxylate is Synterol and additionally contains Acremon polycarboxylate with a molecular weight of 250 thousand, urea peroxyhydrate , 4-methyl-2,6-di-tert-butylphenol (4-methyl-2,6-DTBP), tetraacetylethylenediamine (TAED) and perfume fragrance in the following ratio, wt.%:

1. Anionic surfactants 10.0-13.0

2. Nonionic surfactant - Synterol 2.0-3.0

3. Sodium tripolyphosphate 20.0-30.0

or tripolyphosphate 20.0-25.0

and sodium citrate 2.0-3.0

4. Urea peroxyhydrate

(CO (NH _{2) 2} · H ₂ O ₂₎ 10.0-15.0

5. Carboxymethyl cellulose -

CMC (in terms of 100%

mass fraction of the main substance) 0.3-0.4

6. Polycarboxylate

"Akremon" 0.1-0.2

7. Sodium liquid glass

(in terms of SiO ₂ ) 2.5-3.0

8. Soda ash 5.0-10.0

9. Optical brightener 0.2-0.3

11. Defoamer 0.2-1.0

12. Tetraacetylethylenediamine (TAED) 1.0-2.0

13. Polyvinylpyrrolidone 0.3-0.4

14. 4-methyl-2,6-di-tert-butylphenol

(4-methyl-2,6-DTBP) 0.005-0.200

15.Fragrance 0.05-0.20

16. Water and sodium sulfate up to 100

Sodium bicarbonate detergent contains 0-10.0 wt.%. Synterol, the carboxymethylated isononylphenol ethoxylate sodium salt, is a compound having the general formula

RC ₆ H ₄ -O (C ₂ H ₄ O) _n CH ₂ COONa,

where R is isononyl; n = 6, 10, 12.

Acremon is a copolymer of methacrylic, acrylic, maleic acids, their esters of the following structural formula:

The molecular weight of the copolymer used is 250 thousand.

The use of Synterol as a nonionic surfactant, and Acremon as a useful additive, will increase the washing ability of the product and increase the activity of surfactants.

In addition, "Akremon" prevents the re-deposition of contaminants and reduces the hardness of the water, and also improves the particle size distribution and flowability of the detergent.

The introduction of urea peroxyhydrate into the detergent composition will increase the whitening properties of the composition, and, in addition, urea released during the decomposition of peroxyhydrate has a beneficial effect on the tissue, reducing its destruction.

The inclusion of a TAED bleaching activator in the composition improves the quality of washing and provides a more complete removal of contaminants from fabrics, as well as giving the product a more pronounced whiteness, products made of white fabrics. In addition, it will allow washing at lower temperatures (40-60 ° C). In addition to the whitening properties, the urea peroxyhydrate + TAED system has a disinfecting effect.

As is known, ethoxylated surfactants, optical brighteners, and peroxide compounds tend to lose their properties during storage, since peroxide compounds decay over time, especially in the light, and activate the decay of the above compounds, which proceeds according to a radical mechanism.

4-Methyl-2,6-di-tert-butylphenol (4-methyl-2,6-DTBF) is an effective broad-based stabilizer for polymeric materials, fats, oils, including the food industry. Putting it into the washing composition will eliminate the decomposition of peroxide and organic compounds by the radical mechanism containing unsaturated and hydroxyethyl groups, thereby improving oxidation resistance and preserving the washing ability, bleaching properties and other quality indicators of the detergent obtained for a long time.

In addition, the joint content of Acremon and 4-methyl-2,6-DTBF in the composition is likely to exhibit some kind of synergistic effect, which makes it possible not to absorb moisture from the environment, especially during long-term storage, thereby preserving the dispersion and color of the detergent over a long shelf life.

For the preparation of detergent as anionic surfactants it is known to use a variety of surfactants, which are described in US patent No. 3929678 from 1975.

The most preferred anionic surfactants in detergent compositions are linear alkylbenzenesulfonates.

In the proposed detergent composition, linear sodium alkylbenzenesulfonate — sulfonol according to STP 00204872-15-96P) or a mixture of sulfonol with soap or soap of fatty acids, including acid synthetic fat fractions C ₁₇ -C ₂₀ according to GOST 23239-89 and sodium hydroxide are used according to GOST 2263-79 for saponification of fatty acids, or paste of alkyl sulphates of synthetic fatty acids according to TU 38.10755-80.

As a nonionic surfactant, the sodium salt of carboxymethylated isononylphenol ethoxylate - synterol according to TU 38-507-63-0192-93) is used.

Complexing agents suitable for use in the present invention include inorganic P-containing detergents, for example tripolyphosphates according to GOST 13493 or TU 2148-037-00194441-02, or TU 2148-095-43499406-98, or TU 113-00-05759020 -25-95), or a mixture of tripolyphosphate with sodium citrate according to TU 2499-003-00343237-98.

Urea peroxyhydrate used as a bleach in accordance with TU 2136-111-25556678-2001 significantly exceeds the well-known peroxide bleaches - sodium perborate and percarbonate.

Sodium glass is used according to GOST 13078-81 or GOST 13079-93, or according to TU 2145-026-00204872-2002.

The components that regulate the pH of the medium are sodium carbonate (soda ash - GOST 5100-85) and sodium bicarbonate (GOST 2156-76).

Sodium sulfate is used according to GOST 21458-75 or GOST 6318-77, or TU 2141-084-00209527-99, or TU 21-249-00204168-92.

Technical antioxidants are carboxymethyl cellulose technical (CMC) grades 70/300, 75/400 or 85/700 according to TU 6-55-40-90 or TU 2231-017-32957739-02 or Kamcel 0 (1) according to TU 2231-001 -35193780-96 or TU 2389-011-262839127-96.

Fragrances use fragrances for soap and detergents, for example, according to TU 64-19-137-91 or TU 10-04-16-31-87, or TU LV308757-05-94 or other commercially available fragrances.

As optical brighteners, bleaches are used, for example, Belofor KD-26-14-423 according to TU 6-14-423-87 or TU 6-38-05800142-174-95, or TU 6-38-05800142-154- 94, or other commercially available optical brighteners.

Polymethylsiloxanes PMS-100 or PMS-200, or PMS-300 according to OST 6-02-20-79 or other commercially available defoamers are used as antifoam.

Used 4-methyl-2,6-DTBF - a white crystalline powder, is produced in accordance with TU 38.5901237-90.

Acremon is used according to TU 2492-001-46270704-2001 of a molecular weight of 250 thousand.

Used TAED - for import supplies.

Used polyvinylpyrrolidone - for import supplies.

Sodium carbonate (soda ash) - according to GOST 5100-85.

Sodium bicarbonate (sodium bicarbonate) - according to GOST 2156-76.

Sodium sulfate - according to GOST 21458-75 or GOST 6318-77, or TU 2141-084-00209527-99, or TU 21-249-00204168-92.

Detergent is prepared as follows. The calculated amount of water, surfactant, chemical solution, which is prepared separately by mixing the declared amount of liquid glass, water, CMC, optical brightener and polyvinylpyrrolidone at room temperature, is loaded into a glass reactor equipped with a heating jacket. Then, sodium sulfate, soda ash, sodium bicarbonate and sodium tripolyphosphate are loaded into the reactor with constant stirring. Heated to a temperature of 60-80 ° C and maintained at this temperature for 20-30 minutes. Next, the resulting composition is dried to a moisture content of 5-15%. The dry product is ground and then urea peroxyhydrate, antifoam, TAED, and perfume are added to it.

The method of introducing 4-methyl-2,6-DTBP into the composition is our know-how.

The preparation of the claimed composition is presented in table 1, the indicators are in table 2, the indicators after a long shelf life of the detergent in example 4 and the prototype are in table 3.

The use of a detergent containing the claimed components in a greater ratio than stated is impractical, in a smaller one - the claimed technical result is not achieved.

The assessment of storage stability is determined in a heat chamber at 100% humidity and a temperature of 35 ° C for 28 days, which is equivalent to 12 months of storage of powdered synthetic detergent (CMC) in practical conditions.

The washing ability is determined by standard methods GOST 22567.15-95 as the ratio of the degree of removal of contamination with the solution of the test detergent to the degree of removal of pollution with the solution of the reference composition on the artificially contaminated pigment-oil composition of cotton fabric at a temperature of 80 and 40 ° C in a Linitest laboratory washing machine.

The bleaching ability is determined in accordance with GOST 22567.11.82 in relation to the increase in whiteness of the fabric when bleaching with the test detergent to the increase in whiteness of the same fabric when bleaching with the reference composition (temperature 90 ° C, solution concentration - 10 g / l, time - 30 minutes).

Based on the data presented, we can conclude that the inventive detergent will expand the range of high-quality CMC, has high consumer properties, is not inferior in terms of washing and bleaching ability to analogues and prototype, and even exceeds their storage stability. In addition, the proposed composition of the detergent has a much lower foam height than the prototype, which allows it to be widely used in modern high-speed automatic washing machines.

Claims (4)

1. A synthetic detergent containing anionic and nonionic surfactants (sodium surfactants), sodium tripolyphosphate or sodium tripolyphosphate and citrate, carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC), liquid sodium glass, soda ash, optical brightener, polyvinylpyrrolidone sulfate, sodium defoamer characterized in that as a nonionic surfactant use the sodium salt of carboxymethylated isononylphenol ethoxylate - Synterol, and additionally the product contains Acremon polycarboxylate, peroxyhydrate urea, 4-methyl-2,6-di-tert-butylphenol (4-methyl-2,6-DTBP), tetraacetylethylenediamine (TAED) and perfume fragrance in the following ratio, wt.%: Anionic surfactants 10.0-13.0 Nonionic surfactant - Synterol 2.0-3.0 Sodium tripolyphosphate or 20.0-30.0 Tripolyphosphate and 20.0-25.0 Sodium Citrate 2.0-3.0 Urea peroxyhydrate (CO (NH ₂ ) ₂ · H ₂ O ₂ ) 10.0-15.0 Carboxymethyl cellulose - CMC (in terms of 100% mass share of the main substance) 0.3-0.4 Polycarboxylate "Akremon" 0.1-0.2 Liquid sodium glass (in terms of SiO ₂ ) 2.5-3.0 Soda ash 5.0-10.0 Optical brightener 0.2-0.3 Defoamer 0.2-1.0 Tetraacetylethylenediamine (TAED) 1.0 -2.0 Polyvinylpyrrolidone 0.3-0.4 4-methyl-2,6-di-tert-butylphenol (4-methyl-2,6-DTBP) 0.005-0.200 Fragrance 0.05-0.20 Water and sodium sulfate Up to 100 2. The detergent according to claim 1, characterized in that as the sodium salt of the carboxymethylated isononylphenol ethoxylate, a compound of the general formula RC ₆ H ₄ -O (C ₂ H ₄ O) _n CH ₂ COONa is used — Synterol, where R is isononyl ; n - 6, 10, 12. 3. Detergent according to claims 1 and 2, characterized in that the asymmetric polycarboxylate of a molecular weight of 250 thousand is used as the Acremon polycarboxylate. 4. Detergent according to claims 1 and 2, characterized in that it further comprises sodium bicarbonate in an amount of 0-10.0 wt.%.

Images